地理学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (11): 2047-2063.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201711010
收稿日期:
2016-08-06
修回日期:
2017-06-08
出版日期:
2017-11-20
发布日期:
2017-11-16
作者简介:
作者简介:任宇飞(1990-), 男, 甘肃兰州人, 博士, 研究方向为城市群可持续发展。E-mail:
基金资助:
Yufei REN1,2, Chuanglin FANG1,2(), Xueqin LIN2
Received:
2016-08-06
Revised:
2017-06-08
Published:
2017-11-20
Online:
2017-11-16
Supported by:
摘要:
东部沿海地区城市群是国家经济发展的战略核心区和国家新型城镇化的主体区之一,其经济—生态可持续发展问题是近年来地理研究领域的前沿主题。首先对城市群生态效率进行定义并将其作为城市群可持续发展测度指标;随后运用传统DEA模型及非期望产出SBM模型,对东部沿海地区四大城市群在2005年、2011年、2014年三个时间截面中的经济效率、生态效率进行比较评价并分析了城市群生态效率时空演变特征;最后通过松弛度分析,为改善沿海地区四大城市群生态效率提供了对应建议。结果表明:① 山东半岛城市群、长三角城市群、珠三角城市群经济综合效率呈先下降后上升的V字型演变格局,而京津冀城市群经济综合效率始终呈下降趋势,2011年前其受纯技术效率影响较大,2011年后受规模效率影响较大;② 京津冀城市群受污染影响带来的效率损失最大,山东半岛城市群相对较小,总体而言,四大城市群生态效率在2005-2011年为下行期,2011-2014为修复期;③ 沿海四大城市群内城市生态效率时空格局具有不同的演化特征,核心城市周边以及沿海沿江地区城市生态效率相对较优,内陆城市则较低;④ 京津冀城市群、长三角城市群、珠三角城市群核心城市资源消耗强度高、经济效益产出高、生态效率高,从整体来看,城市群内多数城市呈污染物排放量下降趋势,污染物治理效果较为明显,环境影响问题有所改善;⑤ 影响东部四大城市群经济生态效率的原因不同,本文从城市群角度进行了差异性分析,并提出了合理化建议。
任宇飞, 方创琳, 蔺雪芹. 中国东部沿海地区四大城市群生态效率评价[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(11): 2047-2063.
Yufei REN, Chuanglin FANG, Xueqin LIN. Evaluation of eco-efficiency of four major urban agglomerations in eastern coastal area of China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(11): 2047-2063.
表1
中国生态效率研究对象、方法及指标总结
研究对象 | 模型方法 | 经济价值核算 | 资源投入核算 | 环境影响核算 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
长株潭“5+3”城市群 | DEA模型 | 地区GDP | 能源消耗总量、电力消耗总量、用水总量、建设用地面积、就业人数 | 废水排放量、化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放量、烟尘排放量、工业粉尘排放量、工业固体废弃物排放量 | [14] |
中国省际生态效率 | 超效率DEA模型 | 地区GDP | 万元GDP能耗、建设用地面积、用水总量、就业人数 | 废水排放量、化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放量、烟尘排放量、工业粉尘排放量 | [15] |
中国省际能源生态效率 | DEA模型 | 人均GDP | 能源消费总量、劳动力投入、固定资产投资额、技术市场成交额 | 二氧化碳排放量、工业二氧化硫排放量、工业烟尘排放量、工业废水排放量、工业废气排放量、工业固体废弃物排放量 | [16] |
苏州高新区、苏州工业园区、无锡新区工业园区生态效率 | 指标体系结合TOPSIS法 | 人均GDP、GDP总量、固定资产投资额、单位面积产值 | 单位产值能耗、单位产值水耗 | 单位产值废水排放、单位产值废气排放、单位产值固废排放、单位产值COD排放、单位产值二氧化硫排放 | [17] |
松花江流域(吉林省段)产业系统生态效率 | 指标体系法 | 工业生产总值 | 能源消费量 | 工业二氧化硫、工业烟尘、工业粉尘、工业废水中化学需氧量 | [18] |
中国省际生态效率 | 指标体系法 | 地区GDP | 废水排放总量、废气排放总量、固体废气物排放总量、地区总能耗、地区生产总电耗 | [19] |
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