地理学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (3): 432-443.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201703006
收稿日期:
2016-04-06
修回日期:
2016-10-14
出版日期:
2017-03-15
发布日期:
2017-05-03
作者简介:
作者简介:钟莉娜(1989-), 女, 山东青岛人, 博士生, 主要研究方向为景观生态和土地整治。E-mail:
基金资助:
Lina ZHONG1,2(), Jun WANG2(
), Wenwu ZHAO3
Received:
2016-04-06
Revised:
2016-10-14
Online:
2017-03-15
Published:
2017-05-03
Supported by:
摘要:
土壤侵蚀是制约黄土高原可持续发展的瓶颈因素,为分析不同面积流域降雨和土地利用格局对土壤侵蚀影响的变化趋势,本文基于土壤侵蚀评价指数,发展了降雨和土地利用格局对土壤侵蚀影响的表征方法,探讨了多流域降雨和土地利用格局对土壤侵蚀的影响。结果表明:① 2006-2012年,研究区降雨侵蚀力因子R总体上呈现上升的趋势,植被覆盖与管理因子C呈现下降趋势;② 随流域面积的增加,研究区内降雨格局对土壤侵蚀的影响逐渐降低,而土地利用格局对土壤侵蚀的影响变大;③ 在流域面积较小时,降雨格局对土壤侵蚀的影响要大于土地利用格局对土壤侵蚀的影响,而在流域面积较大时,土地利用格局对土壤侵蚀的影响大于降雨格局对土壤侵蚀的影响;④ 随着流域面积的增加,研究区的林地比例有所下降,陡坡植被覆盖类型趋于单一,这是在流域面积增大时土地利用格局对土壤侵蚀影响增加的主要原因。同时,流域面积较小时,降雨对土壤侵蚀的影响较大,但随着流域面积的增加,松软的土壤性质和沟壑纵横的地形增大了发生重力侵蚀的可能性,土壤和地形对土壤侵蚀的影响增大。
钟莉娜, 王军, 赵文武. 多流域降雨和土地利用格局对土壤侵蚀影响的比较分析——以陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区为例[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(3): 432-443.
Lina ZHONG, Jun WANG, Wenwu ZHAO. Comparative analysis of the effect of rainfall pattern and land use pattern on soil erosion in different-scale watersheds: A case study in hilly and gully area of the Loess Plateau[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(3): 432-443.
[1] | Cerdà A, Pelayo Ó G, Pereira P, et al.The wildgeographer avatar shows how to measure soil erosion rates by means of a rainfall simulator. EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts, 2015, 17: 15878. |
[2] | Mabit L, Zapata F, Dercon G, et al.Assessment of soil erosion and sedimentation: The role of fallout radionuclides. Iaea Tecdoc Series, 2014, 3: 181-201. |
[3] | Cerdà A, Jordán A, Zavala L, et al.The contribution of mulches to control high soil erosion rates in vineyards in Eastern Spain. EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts. 2014, 16: 16127. |
[4] |
Govers G, Van Oost K, Wang Z.Scratching the critical zone: The global footprint of agricultural soil erosion. Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 2014, 10: 313-318.
doi: 10.1016/j.proeps.2014.08.023 |
[5] | Prosdocimi M, Cerdà A, Tarolli P.Soil water erosion on Mediterranean vineyards: A review based on published data, EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts. 2015, 17: 4034. |
[6] |
Ochoa P A, Fries A, Mejía D, et al.Effects of climate, land cover and topography on soil erosion risk in a semiarid basin of the Andes. Catena, 2016, 140: 31-42.
doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2016.01.011 |
[7] |
Paroissien J B, Darboux F, Couturier A, et al.A method for modeling the effects of climate and land use changes on erosion and sustainability of soil in a Mediterranean watershed (Languedoc, France). Journal of environmental management, 2015, 150(1): 57-68.
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.10.034 pmid: 25460424 |
[8] |
Wei Wei, Chen Liding, Fu Bojie, et al.Soil and water loss affected by landuse under different rainfall patterns in the semi-arid loess hilly area. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2006, 26(6): 19-23.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-288X.2006.06.005 |
[卫伟, 陈利顶, 傅伯杰, 等. 黄土丘陵区不同降雨格局下土地利用的水土流失效应. 水土保持通报, 2006, 26(6): 19-23.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-288X.2006.06.005 |
|
[9] | Zhuang Jianqi, Ge Yonggang.Assessment of the soil loss associated to land use and precipitation change in the Xiaojiang river basin, Southwest China. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2012, 21(3): 288-295. |
[庄建琦, 葛永刚. 土壤侵蚀对土地利用和降雨变化响应和空间分布特征: 以金沙江一级支流小江流域为例. 长江流域资源与环境, 2012, 21(3): 288-295.] | |
[10] | Arhem K, Fredén F.Land cover change and its influence on soil erosion in the Mara region, Tanzania: Using satellite remote sensing and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to map land degradation between 1986 and 2013. Lund: Lund University, 2014. |
[11] | Gessesse B, Bewket W, Bräuning A.Model-based characterization and monitoring of runoff and soil erosion in response to land use/land cover changes in the Modjo watershed, Ethiopia. Land Degradation & Development, 2015, 26(7): 711-724. |
[12] |
Iserloh T, Fister W, Marzen M, et al.The role of wind-driven rain for soil erosion: An experimental approach. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Supplementary Issues, 2013, 57(1): 193-201.
doi: 10.1127/0372-8854/2012/S-00118 |
[13] |
Jomaa S, Barry D A, Brovelli A, et al.Rain splash soil erosion estimation in the presence of rock fragments. Catena, 2012, 92: 38-48.
doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2011.11.008 |
[14] |
Shi Z H, Ai L, Li X, et al.Partial least-squares regression for linking land-cover patterns to soil erosion and sediment yield in watersheds. Journal of Hydrology, 2013, 498: 165-176.
doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.06.031 |
[15] |
Leys A, Govers G, Gillijns K, et al.Scale effects on runoff and erosion losses from arable land under conservation and conventional tillage: The role of residue cover. Journal of Hydrology, 2010, 390(3): 143-154.
doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.06.034 |
[16] |
Zhao Wenwu, Fu Bojie, Guo Xudong.The methods and GIS techniques for calculating multi-scale soil loss evaluation index. Progress in Geography, 2008, 27(2): 47-52.
doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2008.02.007 |
[赵文武, 傅伯杰, 郭旭东. 多尺度土壤侵蚀评价指数的技术与方法. 地理科学进展, 2008, 27(2): 47-52.]
doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2008.02.007 |
|
[17] |
Fu Bojie, Zhao Wenwu, Chen Liding, et al.Multi-scale soil loss evaluation index. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2006, 51(16): 1936-1943.
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.2006.16.013 |
[傅伯杰, 赵文武, 陈利顶, 等. 多尺度土壤侵蚀评价指数. 科学通报, 2006, 51(16): 1936-1943.]
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.2006.16.013 |
|
[18] |
Zhao W W, Fu B J, Chen L D.A comparison between soil loss evaluation index and the C-factor of RUSLE: A case study in the Loess Plateau of China. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2012, 16(8): 2739-2748.
doi: 10.5194/hess-16-2739-2012 |
[19] | Zhong Lina.Analysis of multi-scale effect of rainfall pattern and land use pattern on soil erosion: A case study in hilly and gully area of the Leoss Plateau [D]. Beijing: Beijing Normal University, 2015. |
[钟莉娜. 降雨和土地利用格局对土壤侵蚀影响的尺度效应分析: 以陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区为例[D]. 北京: 北京师范大学, 2015.] | |
[20] |
Cai Chongfa, Ding Shuwen, Shi Zhihua, et al.Study of applying USLE and geographical information system IDRISI to predict soil erosion in small watershed. Jounal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2000, 14(2): 19-24.
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1009-2242.2000.02.005 |
[蔡崇法, 丁树文, 史志华, 等. 应用USLE模型与地理信息系统IDRISI预测小流域土壤侵蚀量的研究. 水土保持学报, 2000, 14(2): 19-24.]
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1009-2242.2000.02.005 |
|
[21] | Liu B Y, Nearing M A, Risse L M.Slope gradient effects on soil loss for steep slopes. Transactions of the ASAE, 1994, 37(6): 1835-1840. |
[22] |
Zhong Lina, Zhao Wenwu.Detecting the dynamic changes of vegetation coverage in the Loess Plateau of China using NDVI data. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2013, 11(5): 57-62.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-3007.2013.05.009 |
[钟莉娜, 赵文武. 基于NDVI的黄土高原植被覆盖变化特征分析. 中国水土保持科学, 2013, 11(5): 57-62.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-3007.2013.05.009 |
|
[23] |
Peter K D, Doleire-Oltmanns S, Ries J B, et al.Soil erosion in gully catchments affected by land-levelling measures in the Souss Basin, Morocco, analysed by rainfall simulation and UAV remote sensing data. Catena, 2014, 113: 24-40.
doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2013.09.004 |
[24] |
Wu Linna, Yang Sheng Tian, Liu Xiaoyan,et al.Response analysis of land use change to the degree of human activities in Beiluo River Basin since 1976. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(1): 54-63.
doi: 10.11821/dlxb201401005 |
[吴琳娜, 杨胜天, 刘晓燕, 等. 1976年以来北洛河流域土地利用变化对人类活动程度的响应. 地理学报, 2014, 69(1): 54-63.]
doi: 10.11821/dlxb201401005 |
|
[25] |
Ding Jingyi, Zhao Wenwu, Wang Jun, et al.Scale effect of the impact on runoff of variations in precipitation/vegetation: Taking northern Shaanxi loess hilly-gully region as an example. Progress in Geography, 2015, 34(8): 1039-1051.
doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2015.08.011 |
[丁婧祎, 赵文武, 王军, 等. 降水和植被变化对径流影响的尺度效应: 以陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区为例. 地理科学进展, 2015, 34(8): 1039-1051.]
doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2015.08.011 |
|
[26] |
Jia Yuanyuan, Zheng Fenli, Yang Qinke.Distributed water erosion prediction model for small watershed in Loess Plateau. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2005, 36(3): 328-332.
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0559-9350.2005.03.012 |
[贾媛媛, 郑粉莉, 杨勤科. 黄土高原小流域分布式水蚀预报模型. 水利学报, 2005, 36(3): 328-332.]
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0559-9350.2005.03.012 |
|
[27] | Hu Lin, Su Jing, Sang Yongzhi, et al.Spatial and temporal characteristics of rainfall erosivity in Shaanxi Province. Arid Land Geography, 2014, 37(6): 1101-1107. |
[胡琳, 苏静, 桑永枝, 等. 陕西省降雨侵蚀力时空分布特征. 干旱区地理, 2014, 37(6): 1101-1107.] | |
[28] |
Liu Zhihong, Guo Weiling, Yang Qinke, et al.Vegetation cove rchanges and their relationship with rainfall in different physiognomy type areas of Loess Plateau. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2011, 9(1): 16-23.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-3007.2011.01.003 |
[刘志红, 郭伟玲, 杨勤科, 等. 近20年黄土高原不同地貌类型区植被覆盖变化及原因分析. 中国水土保持科学, 2011, 9(1): 16-23.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-3007.2011.01.003 |
|
[29] | Sun Yanping.The dynamic changes of vegetation cover and its relationship with climate factors in Loess Plateau water wind erosion crisscross [D]. Yangling: Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, 2012. |
[孙艳萍. 黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带植被覆盖动态变化及其与气候因子的关系[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2012.] |
[1] | 佟彪, 党安荣, 许剑. 300 BC-1900 AD无定河流域城镇时空格局演变[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(8): 1508-1524. |
[2] | 熊俊楠,李进,程维明,周成虎,郭良,张晓蕾,王楠,李伟. 西南地区山洪灾害时空分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(7): 1374-1391. |
[3] | 李青圃,张正栋,万露文,杨传训,张杰,叶晨,陈裕婵. 基于景观生态风险评价的宁江流域景观格局优化[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(7): 1420-1437. |
[4] | 高兴川,曹小曙,李涛,吕敏娟. 1976-2016年青藏高原地区通达性空间格局演变[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(6): 1190-1204. |
[5] | 马丹阳, 尹云鹤, 吴绍洪, 郑度. 中国干湿格局对未来高排放情景下气候变化响应的敏感性[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(5): 857-874. |
[6] | 苏伟忠,汝静静,杨桂山. 流域尺度土地利用调蓄视角的雨洪管理探析[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(5): 948-961. |
[7] | 赵鹏军,吕迪. 中国小城镇镇区土地利用结构特征[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(5): 1011-1024. |
[8] | 宋小青,李心怡. 区域耕地利用功能转型的理论解释与实证[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(5): 992-1010. |
[9] | 张生瑞, 王英杰, 张桐艳, 曹瑞昌. 基于跨省界自然地理实体地名空间格局的行政管理优化[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(4): 797-813. |
[10] | 朱文博, 张静静, 崔耀平, 郑辉, 朱连奇. 基于土地利用变化情景的生态系统碳储量评估——以太行山淇河流域为例[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(3): 446-459. |
[11] | 乔治, 黄宁钰, 徐新良, 孙宗耀, 吴晨, 杨俊. 2003-2017年北京市地表热力景观时空分异特征及演变规律[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(3): 475-489. |
[12] | 马恩朴, 蔡建明, 林静, 韩燕, 廖柳文, 韩炜. 远程耦合视角下的土地利用/覆被变化解释[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(3): 421-431. |
[13] | 董锁成,杨洋,李富佳,程昊,李静楠,BILGAEVAlexey,李泽红,李宇. 中蒙俄高铁建设的影响机理及对策[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(2): 297-311. |
[14] | 张朝林,郑袁明,范闻捷,傅伯杰. 国家自然科学基金地理学科申请代码的历史沿革与发展[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(1): 191-198. |
[15] | 王琛智,张朝,张静,陶福禄,陈一,丁浒. 湖南省地形因素对水稻生产的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2018, 73(9): 1792-1808. |
|