地理学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (9): 1363-1374.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201509001
• • 下一篇
收稿日期:
2015-02-13
修回日期:
2015-06-30
出版日期:
2015-09-20
发布日期:
2015-09-20
作者简介:
作者简介:王冀(1973-), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 主要从事全球气候分析和变化研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Ji WANG1(), Liye HE2, Xuemei ZHANG3
Received:
2015-02-13
Revised:
2015-06-30
Published:
2015-09-20
Online:
2015-09-20
Supported by:
摘要:
基于华北农牧交错带冬季227个台站(1961-2012年)逐日降雪资料,采用多种统计诊断方法分析了冬季降雪的时空特征以及与环流因子的关系。结果表明:初冬降雪高值中心位于内蒙古东北部。在冬春之交时,降雪高值区移至华北南部。1960s和1970s为不同等级降雪的偏多时段,降雪的高值中心由内蒙西部(1960s)东移至河北、山西大部(1970s)。2000s以来大雪在山西、河北的北部地区最为显著,其次是呼伦贝尔地区。降雪频次的变化上可以发现,各区的大雪频次均呈减少趋势,其中Ⅵ区减少的趋势最为显著。在降雪偏少的时段(1980s、1990s)水汽输送较弱,呈西北—东南向;而在其他年代水汽输送较强,近10年水汽输送呈东南—西北向。在年代际上降雪总量与气温、AO指数呈反相关,而中等以上降雪量与气温和AO指数在内蒙古东北部大兴安岭、太行山脉等高海拔地区呈显著正相关。
王冀, 何丽烨, 张雪梅. 华北农牧交错带冬季降雪时空变化特征[J]. 地理学报, 2015, 70(9): 1363-1374.
Ji WANG, Liye HE, Xuemei ZHANG. The spatial and temporal variations of winter snowfall in agri-pasture transitional zone of North China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(9): 1363-1374.
表1
华北农牧交错带不同区域各量级降雪量、频次变化趋势
小雪 | 中雪 | 大雪及以上量级 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
降雪量 | 频次 | 降雪量 | 频次 | 降雪量 | 频次 | |||
Ⅰ区 | 0.3 mm/10 a | -0.04d/10 a | 0.17 mm/10 a | 0.06d/10 a | 0.04 mm/10 a | -0.04d/10 a | ||
Ⅱ区 | 0.45 mm/10 a | 0.03d/10 a | 0.05 mm/10 a | 0.05d/10 a | -0.02 mm/10 a | -0.07d/10 a | ||
Ⅲ区 | -0.07 mm/10 a | -0.04d/10 a | 0.07 mm/10 a | -0.13d/10 a | -0.06 mm/10 a | -0.07d/10 a | ||
Ⅳ区 | -0.11 mm/10 a | -0.5d/10 a | 0.18 mm/10 a | -0.1d/10 a | -0.09 mm/10 a | -0.02d/10 a | ||
Ⅴ区 | -0.5 mm/10 a | -0.7d/10 a | -0.03 mm/10 a | -0.12d/10 a | 0.24 mm/10 a | -0.1d/10 a | ||
Ⅵ区 | 无变化趋势 | -1.07d/10 a | 无变化趋势 | -0.28d/10 a | 无变化趋势 | -0.18d/10 a |
[1] | Dery S J, R D Brown. Recent Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent trends and implications for the snowalbedo feedback. Geophysical Research Letters, 2007, 34, L22504. doi: 10.1029/2007GL031474. |
[2] | Dyer J L, Mote T L.Spatial variability and trends in observed snow depth over North America. Geophysical Research Letters, 2006, 33, L16503. doi: 10.1029/2006GL027258. |
[3] | Li Peiji.A Preliminary study of snow mass variations over past 30 years in China. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 1990, 48(4): 433-437. |
[李培基. 近30年来我国雪量变化的初步探讨. 气象学报, 1990, 48(4): 433-437.] | |
[4] | Sun Xiuzhong, Luo Yong, Zhang Xia, et al.Analysis on snowfall change characteristic of China in recent 46 years. Plateau Meteorology, 2010, 29(6): 1594-1601. |
[孙秀忠, 罗勇, 张霞, 等. 近46年来我国降雪变化特征分析. 高原气象, 2010, 29(6): 1594-1601.] | |
[5] | Chen Xingfang.The short-term climatic analysis of snow disaster over the Tibetan Plateau in winter 1995/1996. Meteorological Monthly, 1996, 23(6): 40-43. |
[陈兴芳. 1995-1996年冬季高原地区雪灾气候分析. 气象, 1996, 23(6): 40-43.] | |
[6] | Zhou Lusheng, Li Haihong, Wang Qingchun.The basic characteristics of heavy snowstorm process and snow disaster distribution in eastern pastoral areas of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Plateau Meteorology, 2000, 19(4): 450-458. |
[周陆生, 李海红, 汪青春. 青藏高原东部牧区大-暴雪过程及雪灾分布的基本特征. 高原气象, 2000, 19(4): 450-458.] | |
[7] | Ma Lin, Li Xifu, Zhang Qingmei, et al.The forming and forecasting of winter snow-disaster weather in eastern pastoral-area of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Plateau Meteorology, 2001, 20(3): 326-331. |
[马林, 李锡福, 张青梅, 等. 青藏高原东部牧区冬季雪灾天气的形成及其预报. 高原气象, 2001, 20(3): 326-331.] | |
[8] | Dong Anxiang, Ju Zhang, Yin Xianzhi, et al.The singular spectrum analysis of snow damage in eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Plateau Meteorology, 2001, 20(2): 214-219. |
[董安祥, 瞿章, 尹宪志, 等. 青藏高原东部雪灾的奇异谱分析. 高原气象, 2001, 20(2): 214-219.] | |
[9] | Dong Wenjie, Wei Zhigang, Fan Lijun.Climatic character analyses of snow disasters in east Qinghai-Xizang Plateau livestock farm. Plateau Meteorology, 2001, 20(4): 402-406. |
[董文杰, 韦志刚, 范丽军. 青藏高原东部牧区雪灾的气候特征分析. 高原气象, 2001, 20(4): 402-406.] | |
[10] | Yang Lianmei, Yang Tao, Jia Lihong, et al.Analyses of the climate characteristics and water vapor of heavy snow in Xinjiang region. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2005, 27(3): 390-396. |
[杨莲梅, 杨涛, 贾丽红, 等. 新疆大~暴雪气候特征及其水汽分析. 冰川冻土, 2005, 27(3): 389-396.] | |
[11] | Chen Guangyu, Li Dongliang.Temporal-spatial characteristics of cumulative snow depth in Northeast China and its vicinity. Meteorological Monthly, 2011, 37(5): 513-521. |
[陈光宇, 李栋梁. 东北及邻近地区累积积雪深度的时空变化规律. 气象, 2011, 37(5): 513-521.] | |
[12] | Li Duo, Xiao Ziniu, Li Zechun.The spatital and temporal characteristics of winter snowfall in Northeast China and its realtion with global sea surface temperature anomaly. Meteorological Monthly, 2012, 38(4): 411-418. |
[李多, 肖子牛, 李泽椿. 中国东部北方地区冬季降雪的时空特征及其与全球异常海温的联系. 气象, 2012, 38(4): 411-418.] | |
[13] | Gong Deji, Li Zhangjun.The climatic features of heavy snow, snowstorm and snow disaster in Inner Mongolia. Meteorological Monthly, 2000, 26(12): 25-28. |
[宫德吉, 李彰俊. 内蒙古大(暴)雪与白灾的气候学特征. 气象, 2000, 26(12): 24-28.] | |
[14] | Jiang yi, Qian Weihong. Regional characteristics of heavy snowfall or snowstrom. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2003, 58(增刊): 38-48. |
[江毅, 钱维宏. 内蒙古大(暴)雪的区域特征. 地理学报, 2003, 58(Suppl.): 38-48.] | |
[15] | Li Xicang, Wang Ji, Yang Jing.Characteristics and mechanism analysis of extreme snow change in eastern Inner Mongolia pasturing area. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2013, 33(7): 884-889. |
[李喜仓, 王冀, 杨晶. 内蒙古东部牧区极端降雪变化特征及形成机理分析. 地理科学, 2013, 33(7): 884-889.] | |
[16] | Dong Xiao, Zhou Shunwu, Hu Zhongming, et al.Characteristics of spatial and temporal variation of heavy snowfall in Northeast China in recent 50 years. Meteorological Monthly, 2010, 36(12): 74-79. |
[董啸, 周顺武, 胡中明, 等. 近50年来东北地区暴雪时空分布特征. 气象, 2010, 36(12): 74-79.] | |
[17] | Wang Ji, Zhao Chunyu, Lou Dejun.Variations of winter snow concentration degree and snow concentration period in Northeast China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(9): 1069-1078. |
[王冀, 赵春雨, 娄德君. 东北地区冬季降雪的集中度和集中期变化特征. 地理学报, 2010, 65(9): 1069-1078.] | |
[18] | Chen Changsheng, Wang Panxing, Yang Xiufeng.Classification and features of spatio-teamporal variation of Snowstorms in Northeast China. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2012, 32(10): 1276-1281. |
[陈长胜, 王盘兴, 杨秀峰, 等. 东北地区暴雪天气的统计学划分方法及其时空分布特征. 地理科学, 2012, 32(10): 1276-1281.] | |
[19] | Zheng Dawei, Dong Danan.Realization of narrow band filtering of the polar motion data with multi-stage filter. Acta Astronomica Sinica, 1986, 27(4): 369-375. |
[郑大伟, 董大南. 用多级滤波器实现极移序列的窄带滤波. 天文学报, 1986, 27(4): 369-375.] | |
[20] | Ye Hengchun, Yang Daqing, David Robinson.Winter rain on snow and its association with air temperature in northern Eurasia. Hydrol. Process., 2009, 22: 2728-2736. |
[21] | Thompson D W J, Wallace J M. The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential-height and temperature fields. Geophysical Research Letters, 1998, 25: 1297-1300. |
[22] | Thompson D W J. Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Journal of Climate, 2000, 13(5): 1018-1036. |
[23] | Gong D Y, Ho C H. Arctic oscillation signals in East Asian summer monsoon. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2003. 108(D2)4066. doi: 10.1029/2002JD002193. |
[22] | Wu Bingyi, Huang Ronghui.Effects of the extremes in the North Atlantic Oscillation on East Asia Winter Monsoon. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 1999, 23(6): 641-657. |
[武炳义, 黄荣辉. 冬季北大西洋涛动极端异常变化与东亚冬季风. 大气科学, 1999, 23(6): 641-657.] | |
[24] | Gong D Y, Wang S W, Zhu J H.East Asian winter monsoon and Arctic Oscillation. Geophysical Research Letters, 2001, 28(10): 2073-2076. |
[25] | Wu B Y, Wang J. Winter Arctic Oscillation, Siberian high and East Asian winter monsoon. Geophysical Research Letters, 2002, 29(19): 1897. doi: 10.1029/2002GL015373. |
[26] | Gong Daoyi, Wang Shaowu.Influence of Arctic Oscillation on Winter Climate over China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2003, 58(4): 559-568. |
[龚道溢, 王绍武. 近百年北极涛动对中国冬季气候的影响. 地理学报, 2003, 58(4): 559-568.] | |
[27] | Gong Daoyi, Wang Shaowu, Zhu Jinhong.The significant influence of arctic oscillation on variance of China daily temperature in winter. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2004, 49(5): 487-492. |
[龚道溢, 王绍武, 朱锦红. 北极涛动对我国冬季日气温方差的显著影响. 科学通报, 2004, 49(5): 487-492.] | |
[28] | Ju Jianhua, Ren Juzhang, Li Junmei.Effect of interdecadal variation of Arctic Oscillation ontemperature increasing in north of East Asian winter. Plateau Meteorology, 2004, 23(4): 429-434. |
[琚建华, 任菊章, 吕俊梅. 北极涛动年代际变化对东亚北部冬季气温增暖的影响. 高原气象, 2004, 23(4): 429-434.] | |
[29] | He Chun, He Jinhai.Relation between Arctic Oscillation and North China air temperature in winter. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, 2003, 26(1): 1-7. |
[何春, 何金海. 冬季北极涛动和华北冬季气温变化关系研究. 南京气象学院学报, 2003, 26(1): 1-7.] | |
[30] | Hurrell J W.Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation. Science, 1995, 269: 676-679. |
[31] | Serreze M C, Carse F, Barry R G.Icelandic low cyclone activity: climatological features, linkages with the NAO and relationships with recent changes in the Northern hemisphere circulation. Journal of Climate, 1997, 10: 453-464. |
[32] | Wang Huijun, He Shengping.The increase of snowfall in Northeast China after mid-1980s. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2013, 58(8): 629-633. |
[王会军, 贺圣平. 我国东北冬季降雪的年代际增多及其与冬季风减弱的关系. 科学通报, 2013, 58(8): 629-633.] |
[1] | 孙美平, 马维谦, 姚晓军, 张明军, 李忠勤, 秦大河. 祁连山冰川服务价值评估及其时空特征[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(1): 178-190. |
[2] | 张学珍, 赵彩杉, 董金玮, 葛全胜. 1992-2017年基于荟萃分析的中国耕地撂荒时空特征[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(3): 411-420. |
[3] | 周春山,金万富,张国俊,黎明,王少剑. 中国国有建设用地供应规模时空特征及影响因素[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(1): 16-31. |
[4] | 刘纪远,宁佳,匡文慧,徐新良,张树文,颜长珍,李仁东,吴世新,胡云锋,杜国明,迟文峰,潘涛,宁静. 2010-2015年中国土地利用变化的时空格局与新特征[J]. 地理学报, 2018, 73(5): 789-802. |
[5] | 张英男,龙花楼,戈大专,屠爽爽,曲艺. 黄淮海平原耕地功能演变的时空特征及其驱动机制[J]. 地理学报, 2018, 73(3): 518-534. |
[6] | 叶红,张廷斌,易桂花,李景吉,别小娟,刘栋,罗琳玲. 2000-2014年黄河源区ET时空特征及其与气候因子关系[J]. 地理学报, 2018, 73(11): 2117-2134. |
[7] | 符文颖, 吴艳芳. 德国在华知识密集制造业投资进入方式的时空特征及区位影响因素[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(8): 1361-1372. |
[8] | 陈亚宁, 李稚, 方功焕, 邓海军. 气候变化对中亚天山山区水资源影响研究[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(1): 18-26. |
[9] | 何凡能, 李美娇, 刘浩龙. 北宋路域耕地面积重建及时空特征分析[J]. 地理学报, 2016, 71(11): 1967-1978. |
[10] | 王振波, 方创琳, 许光, 潘月鹏. 2014年中国城市PM2.5浓度的时空变化规律[J]. 地理学报, 2015, 70(11): 1720-1734. |
[11] | 胡豪然, 梁玲. 近50年青藏高原东部降雪的时空演变[J]. 地理学报, 2014, 69(7): 1002-1012. |
[12] | 拉巴次仁, 索朗加措, 白玛. 1981-2010年西藏霜冻日数的变化特征[J]. 地理学报, 2014, 69(5): 690-696. |
[13] | 姚晓军, 刘时银, 李龙, 孙美平, 罗晶, 冯娅娅. 近40 年可可西里地区湖泊时空变化特征[J]. 地理学报, 2013, 68(7): 886-896. |
[14] | 胡豪然, 梁玲. 近50年青藏高原东部冬季积雪的时空变化特征[J]. 地理学报, 2013, 68(11): 1493-1503. |
[15] | 黄晓燕, 曹小曙, 李涛. 中国城市私人汽车发展的时空特征及影响因素[J]. 地理学报, 2012, 67(6): 745-757. |