基于遥感的黄土高原林草植被变化对河川径流的影响分析

doi:10.11821/dlxb201411001

地理学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 69 ›› Issue (11): 1595-1603.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201411001

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基于遥感的黄土高原林草植被变化对河川径流的影响分析

刘晓燕¹, 刘昌明², 杨胜天², 金双彦³, 高亚军³, 高云飞⁴

1. 黄河水利委员会, 郑州 450003
2. 北京师范大学, 北京 100875
3. 黄河水文水资源研究院, 郑州 450003
4. 黄河上中游管理局, 西安 710021

收稿日期:2014-08-07 修回日期:2014-09-09 出版日期:2014-11-20 发布日期:2014-11-20
作者简介:
作者简介：刘晓燕 (1964-), 女, 河南永城人, 教授级高工, 主要从事黄河水沙变化和河流健康研究。E-mail: liuxiaoyan@yrcc.gov.cn
基金资助:
国家科技支撑计划课题 (2012BAB02B00)

Influences of shrubs-herbs-arbor vegetation coverage on the runoff based on the remote sensing data in Loess Plateau

Xiaoyan LIU¹, Changming LIU², Shengtian YANG², Shuangyan JIN³, Yajun GAO³, Yunfei GAO⁴

1. Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Ministry of Water Resources, Zhengzhou 450003, China
2. Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
3. Yellow River Institute of Hydrology and Water Resources, Zhengzhou 450004, China
4. Upper and Middle Reaches of the Yellow River Administrative Bureau of Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Xi'an 710021, China

Received:2014-08-07 Revised:2014-09-09 Published:2014-11-20 Online:2014-11-20
Supported by:
National Key Technologies R&D Program, No.2012BAB02B00]

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

从黄土高原不同地貌区降雨产流机制入手,分析了林草植被影响流域水循环的可能环节;利用20世纪70年代以来不同时期的土地利用和植被盖度解译成果,以及同期实测的降雨和径流数据、供用水数据等,引入林草植被覆盖率、径流系数、产洪系数和基流系数等概念,从流域尺度上构建了林草植被覆盖率与河川径流的定量响应关系,结果发现,在半湿润或半干旱的黄土区,径流系数和产洪系数都将随林草植被的改善而减少,气候越干旱、径流或洪量减少越多;与同气候带的黄土区相比,盖沙黄土区林草植被改善所导致的减水量更大。不过,当林草植被覆盖率大于60%后,产洪系数变化减缓;最终河川径流将稳定在大于基流的某阈值附近。

关键词: 黄土高原, 林草植被, 干旱指数, 河川径流

Abstract:

The impact of vegetation coverage on flood or runoff yield in the Loess Plateau has been extensively studied, but the research has been primarily based on observations from slope runoff plots or secondary forest regions. This paper is based on vegetation information from remote sensing images, measured rainfall and runoff data and water consumed from the related basin in Loess Plateau over nearly 50 years. By introducing the concepts of runoff yield coefficient, flood yield coefficient, base flow yield coefficient, and the percentage of effective vegetation, we proposed the quantitative relation between vegetation coverage extracted from remote sensing images and runoff yield at the watershed scale. The response relations reveal that the runoff yield and flood volume will decrease with the increase of shrubs-herbs-arbor vegetation, especially in the dryer region, and the reduction of the runoff in sand-covered loess region is even more than that in the loess region with similar climate. But the flood volume will be kept at a stable level, when the percentage of effective vegetation is larger than 60%. The river's runoff will be stable at a threshold, which is more than its base-flow at last, with a further increase of vegetation.

Key words: Loess Plateau, shrubs-herbs-arbor vegetation, drought index, runoff yield

刘晓燕, 刘昌明, 杨胜天, 金双彦, 高亚军, 高云飞. 基于遥感的黄土高原林草植被变化对河川径流的影响分析[J]. 地理学报, 2014, 69(11): 1595-1603.

Xiaoyan LIU, Changming LIU, Shengtian YANG, Shuangyan JIN, Yajun GAO, Yunfei GAO. Influences of shrubs-herbs-arbor vegetation coverage on the runoff based on the remote sensing data in Loess Plateau[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(11): 1595-1603.

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基于遥感的黄土高原林草植被变化对河川径流的影响分析

Influences of shrubs-herbs-arbor vegetation coverage on the runoff based on the remote sensing data in Loess Plateau

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