山区耕地边际化特征及其动因与政策含义

doi:10.11821/dlxb201402007

地理学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 69 ›› Issue (2): 227-242.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201402007

山区耕地边际化特征及其动因与政策含义

邵景安¹, 张仕超², 李秀彬³

1. 重庆师范大学地理科学学院, 重庆400047;
2. 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆400716;
3. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京100101

收稿日期:2013-04-01 修回日期:2013-10-30 出版日期:2014-02-20 发布日期:2014-02-20
作者简介:邵景安（1976-），男，汉族，安徽亳州人，博士，研究员，主要从事土地利用与生态过程研究。E-mail：shao_ja2003@sohu.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目（41161140352）；水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2012ZX07104-003）

Farmland marginalization in the mountainous areas：Characteristics, influencing factors and policy implications

SHAO Jing'an¹, ZHANG Shichao², LI Xiubin³

1. College of Geographical Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China;
2. College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
3. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China

Received:2013-04-01 Revised:2013-10-30 Published:2014-02-20 Online:2014-02-20
Supported by:
The NSFC-IIASA Major International Joint Research Project, No.41161140352;Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment, No.2012ZX07104-003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用SPOT-5 影像、1：1 万地形图、退耕还林和森林工程图、社会经济统计等数据，分析了重庆市石柱县耕地边际化的特征和发生原因。结果发现：① 10 年间研究区耕地边际化率16.18%，主要分布于七曜山的北部高山区和南部中山区，而且伴随农村劳动力的非农化和留守劳动力的老龄化，边际化在很大程度上还会加剧。② 海拔、地块相对村庄的分布半径和道路连接度对耕地边际化的发生影响较大。边际化率随海拔升高而增加，特别是≥1000 m集中边际化的60.88%，在坡度和地块相对村庄的分布半径上也有类似规律。③ 劳均耕地面积和务农劳均年龄是影响耕地边际化的主要因素，耕地流转和微型农机台数是从适度规模经营、提高劳动生产率上影响耕地边际化。④“比较劣势主导边际化”分布最广，占总边际化的55.32%，其次是“区位主导边际化”，占33.80%。⑤“地形主导边际化”实施类似退耕还林继续扩大的“顺边际化”政策，“区位主导边际化”从合理安排新居点、完善农村道路体系上实施“反边际化”，“比较劣势主导边际化”从提高适度规模经营、微型机械化程度上开展“反边际化”。

关键词: 耕地边际化, 动因, 山区, 政策含义, 特征

Abstract: Based on data sources (e.g., SPOT-5 images, 1:1 million topographic maps, distribution maps of returning farmland to forest and Chongqing forest project, social and economic statistics information, etc.) this paper identified the characteristics and influencing factors of farmland marginalization. The results indicated that: (1) During the last 10 years (2002-2012), the rate of farmland marginalization was 16.18% in the study area. This phenomenon was mainly found in high mountainous areas of northern Qiyao mountain and middle mountain areas of southern Qiyao mountain. Moreover, farmland marginalization, to a great extent, will increase, associated with non-agriculturalization of rural labors and aging of remaining labors. (2) Elevation, relative distribution radius from village and road connection degree had a greater influence on farmland marginalization in the study area. Farmland marginalization rate showed an increasing trend with the increase of elevation, and 60.88% of the total farmland marginalization area is found at an altitude above 1000 m asl. The marginalization trend for slope and distribution radium was similar with altitude. (3) Farmland area per labor and average age of farm labor were major driving factors of farmland marginalization. Farmland transfer and small agricultural machinery sets affected the farmland marginalization in the aspects of management and productivity efficiency. (4) Farmland with "comparative disadvantage dominated marginalization" accounted for 55.32% of the total farmland marginalization area, followed by "location dominated marginalization"(33.80% ). (5) According to the specific real situation, different policies are suggested to mitigate the marginalization as follows: "continuous marginalization" policy will further exert the impact of returning farmland to forest on "terrain dominated marginalization"; "anti-marginalization" policy is suggested from arranging new rural residence and improving rural road system for "location dominated marginalization"; while "anti-marginalization" policy is planned from improving management and micro-mechanization point of view for "comparative disadvantage dominated marginalization". A new idea was promoted by integrating high resolution remote sensing and statistical data as well as survey information to identify land marginalization and driving forces in mountainous areas, and hence solved the scale problem on patches and villages.

Key words: farmland marginalization, characteristics, policy implications, influencing factors, mountainous areas

邵景安, 张仕超, 李秀彬. 山区耕地边际化特征及其动因与政策含义[J]. 地理学报, 2014, 69(2): 227-242.

SHAO Jing'an, ZHANG Shichao, LI Xiubin. Farmland marginalization in the mountainous areas：Characteristics, influencing factors and policy implications[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(2): 227-242.

参考文献

[1] Baumann M, Kuemmerle T, Elbakidze M et al. Patterns and drivers of post-socialist farmland abandonment in Western Ukraine. Land Use Policy, 2011, 28(3): 552-562.
[2] López-i-Gelats F, José Milán M, Bartolomé J. Is farming enough in mountain areas? Farm diversification in the Pyrenees. Land Use Policy, 2011, 28(4): 783-791.
[3] Xin Liangjie, Li Xiubin, Tan Minghong et al. The rise of ordinary labor wage and its effect on agricultural land use in present China. Geographical Research, 2011, 30(8): 1391-1400. [辛良杰, 李秀彬, 谈明洪等. 近年来我国普通劳动者工资变化及其对农地利用的影响. 地理研究, 2011, 30(8): 1391-1400.]
[4] Liu Chengwu, Li Xiubin. The character and diagnostic criterion for marginalization of the arable land. Progress in Geography, 2005, 24(2): 106-113. [刘成武, 李秀彬. 农地边际化的表现特征及其诊断标准. 地理科学进展, 2005, 24 (2): 106-113.]
[5] Long Hualou, Zou Jian, Liu Yansui. Differentiation of rural development driven by industrialization and urbanization in eastern coastal China. Habitat International, 2009, 33(4): 454-462.
[6] Aubry C, Ramamonjisoa J, Dabat M-H et al. Urban agriculture and land use in cities: An approach with the multi-functionality and sustainability concepts in the case of Antananarivo (Madagascar). Land Use Policy, 2012, 29(2): 429-439.
[7] Woodhouse S P, Good J E G, Lovett A A et al. Effects of land-use and agricultural management on birds of marginal farmland: a case study in the Lln peninsula, Wales. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2005, 107(4): 331-340.
[8] Su Yongzhong, Wang Fang, Zhang Zhihui et al. Soil properties and characteristics of soil aggregate in marginal farmlands of oasis in the Middle of Hexi Corridor Region, Northwest China. Agricultural Sciences in China, 2007, 6(6): 706-714.
[9] Li Xiubin, Zhao Yuluan. Forest transition, agricultural land marginalization and ecological restoration. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2011, 21(10): 91-95. [李秀彬, 赵宇鸾. 森林转型、农地边际化与生态恢复. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2011, 21(10): 91-95.]
[10] Robles A B, Allegretti L I, Passera C B. Coronilla juncea is both a nutritive fodder shrub and useful in the rehabilitation of abandoned Mediterranean marginal farmland. Journal of Arid Environments, 2002, 50(3): 381-392.
[11] Renwick A, Jansson T, Verburg P H et al. Policy reform and agricultural land abandonment in the EU. Land Use Policy, 2013, 30(1): 446-457.
[12] Mendola M. Migration and technological change in rural households: Complements or substitutes? Journal of Development Economics, 2008, 85: 150-175.
[13] Groom B, Grosjean P, Kontoleon A et al. Relaxing rural constraints: A 'win-win' policy for poverty and environment in China? Oxford Economic Papers, 2010, 62: 132-156.
[14] Silber R, Wytrzens H K. Modelling the probability of land abandonment at parcel level. Jahrbuch dersterreichischen Gesellschaft für Agrarkonomie, 2006, 15: 55-63.
[15] Zaragozí B, Rabasa A, Rodríguez-Sala J J et al. Modelling farmland abandonment: A study combining GIS and data mining techniques. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2012, 155(15): 124-132.
[16] Kang S, Post W, Wang D et al. Hierarchical marginal land assessment for land use planning. Land Use Policy, 2013, 30(1): 106-113.
[17] Giles J. Is life more risky in the open? Household risk-coping and the opening of China's labor markets. Journal of Development Economics, 2006, 81: 25-60.
[18] Wang Hui, Tao Ran, Wang Lan-lan et al. Farmland preservation and land development rights trading in Zhejiang, China. Habitat International, 2010, 34(4): 454-463.
[19] Zhao Yuluan, Li Xiubin, Xin Liangjie et al. Driving forces of "poplar expansion and cropland shrinkage" in the North China Plain: A case study of Wen'an County, Hebei Province. Geographical Research, 2012, 31(2): 323-333. [赵宇鸾, 李秀彬, 辛良杰等. 华北平原“杨上粮下”现象的驱动机制: 以河北省文安县为例. 地理研究, 2012, 31(2):323-333.]
[20] Yu Hong, Zeng Hui, Jiang Ziying. Study on distribution characteristics of landscape elements along the terrain gradient. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2001, 21(1): 64-69. [喻红, 曾辉, 江子瀛. 快速城市化地区景观组分在地形梯度上的分布特征研究. 地理科学, 2001, 21(1): 64-69.]
[21] Ding Guangping, Liu Chengwu, Huang Limin. A theoretical analysis and empirical research of marginalization of agricultural land in hilly-mountainous area under farmer-benefiting policy: A case study of Tongcheng County in Hubei Province. Geographical Research, 2009, 28(1): 109-117. [定光平, 刘成武, 黄利民. 惠农政策下丘陵山区农地边际化的理论分析与实证: 以湖北省通城县为例. 地理研究, 2009, 28(1): 109-117.]

山区耕地边际化特征及其动因与政策含义

Farmland marginalization in the mountainous areas：Characteristics, influencing factors and policy implications

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	朱政, 朱翔, 李霜霜. 长江中游城市群空间结构演变历程与特征[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(4): 799-817.
[2]	李智, 刘劲松. 冀南平原典型农业村落转型特征及成长机制[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(4): 939-954.
[3]	马佐澎, 李诚固, 张平宇. 东北三省城镇收缩的特征及机制与响应[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(4): 767-780.
[4]	陈翔, 孙武, 沈子桐, 朱琳琳, 张佳滨, 许伟. 广州市主城区风道特征与通风效能评估[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(3): 694-712.
[5]	蔡瑞婷, 肖舜, 董治宝, 曹军骥, 张宁宁, 刘随心, 沈振兴, 徐红梅, 陶燕, 李星敏, 王鑫, 王雨萌. 汾渭平原典型城乡PM_2.5中多环芳烃特征与健康风险[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(3): 740-752.
[6]	古恒宇, 沈体雁. 中国高学历人才的空间演化特征及驱动因素[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(2): 326-340.
[7]	廖柳文, 高晓路, 龙花楼, 汤礼莎, 陈坤秋, 马恩朴. 基于农户利用效率的平原和山区耕地利用形态比较[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(2): 471-486.
[8]	孙美平, 马维谦, 姚晓军, 张明军, 李忠勤, 秦大河. 祁连山冰川服务价值评估及其时空特征[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(1): 178-190.
[9]	周侃, 李会, 申玉铭. 京津冀地区县域环境胁迫时空格局及驱动因素[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(9): 1934-1947.
[10]	彭立, 邓伟, 谭静, 林磊. 横断山区水土资源利用与经济增长的匹配关系[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(9): 1996-2008.
[11]	郑景云, 张学珍, 刘洋, 郝志新. 过去千年中国不同区域干湿的多尺度变化特征评估[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1432-1450.
[12]	封志明, 李文君, 李鹏, 肖池伟. 青藏高原地形起伏度及其地理意义[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1359-1372.
[13]	胡最, 邓运员, 刘沛林, 彭惠军. 传统聚落文化景观基因的符号机制[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(4): 789-803.
[14]	张俊华, 李国栋, 王岩松, 朱连奇, 赵文亮, 丁亚鹏. 黄河泥沙冲/沉积区土壤有机碳不同组分空间特征及变异机制[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(3): 558-570.
[15]	戴尔阜, 王亚慧. 横断山区产水服务空间异质性及归因分析[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(3): 607-619.