地理学报 ›› 1998, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (s1): 107-115.doi: 10.11821/xb1998s1014

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄河中游侵蚀量及趋势预测

景可, 李钜章, 李凤新   

  1. 中国科学院地理研究所,北京10010
  • 收稿日期:1997-09-09 修回日期:1997-10-05 出版日期:1998-12-15 发布日期:1998-12-15
  • 作者简介:景可,研究员,1939年12月生,1965年毕业于南京大学地理系,长期从事侵蚀地貌、河流地貌、区域地貌及自然环境领域的研究,发表有关专著、论文及图件100余篇(部)。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目,批准号49571012;中国科学院水土保持研究所土壤侵蚀及旱作农业开放实验室基金项目研究成果

EROSION YIELD FROM THE MIDDLE YELLOW RIVER BASIN AND TENDENCY PREDICTION

Jing Ke, Li Juzhang, Li Fengxing   

  1. Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
  • Received:1997-09-09 Revised:1997-10-05 Online:1998-12-15 Published:1998-12-15
  • Supported by:

    Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.49571012

摘要: 本文研究了黄河中游黄土的侵蚀形态类型区划分指标与原则,将黄河中游划分出4个1级区20个亚区,约556个类型区图斑。利用黄河中游155个“闷葫芦”淤地坝沉积泥沙资料和相关侵蚀因子建立了侵蚀变权模型,用该模型计算了每个图斑的侵蚀量。同时还研究了侵蚀因子变化趋势,再利用侵蚀变数模型预测了下世纪中叶黄河中游的侵蚀量。

关键词: 侵蚀量, 趋势预测, 黄河中游

Abstract: The principle and indexes for dividing zones of rosional landform type are discussed in the paper. Based on the principle and indexes, the whole middle Yellow River Basin is divided into 4 zones of I class, 20 class n zones, and 556 type patches. Using data of 155 sediment detentionbarriers which check all oncoming sediment and water flow, a erosion model with different weight is constructed. The model relates the amount of sediment deposited in the barriers with 5 factors influencing erosion in the basins upstream of the barriers.The yield of sediment erosion of every type patches was calculated by the model, and a map of erosional module contour was edited. It is found that most of the error between the calculated and measured sediment yield in various space scales are about ±10%. The total sediment yield of the patches is 14.655×108t/a in the period of 1970~1989.The spatial distribution of erosion intensity is revealed by the map clearly. It is lower than 5 000 t/km2 ?a to the west of Liupan Mt. , and to the east of Luliang Mt. In the area between Liupan and Luliang Mts, the erosion intensity declines southward from over 18 000 t/km2?a at Jungar and Fugu, 15 000 t/km2 ?a at Suide and Mizhi. 6500 t/km2?a at Yan’an, to lower than 1 OOOt/km2 ?a.The landform and ground surface material are defined as static factors, vegtation, precipi-tation and human impact as dynamic ones in the paper. Under the prerequisite of self-sufficiency in grain in the area, the values of dynamic factors in the middle of the next century are predicted for every patches. The sediment yield from these patches are reckoned by using the same model, and the total yield is 12.28×10sup>8t/a in the middle of the next century.

Key words: sediment yield, tendency prediction, middle Yellow River Basin

中图分类号: 

  • S157.1