• 论文 •

### 1880年以来中国东部四季降水量序列及其变率

1. 1. 北京大学地球物理系,北京100871;
2. 北京师范大学资源科学研究所,北京100875
• 收稿日期:1999-11-15 修回日期:2000-01-22 出版日期:2000-05-15 发布日期:2000-05-15
• 基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划首批资助项目(G1998040900);国家自然科学基金资助项目(49635190)

### Seasonal Precipitation Series of Eastern China Since 1880 and the Variability

WANG Shao wu1, GONG Dao yi2, YE Jin lin1, CHEN Zhen hua 1

1. 1. Department of Geophysics, Peking University, Beijing 100871;
2. Institute of Resources Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875
• Received:1999-11-15 Revised:2000-01-22 Online:2000-05-15 Published:2000-05-15
• Supported by:
National Key Developing Program for Basic Sciences:Research on the Formation Mechanism and Prediction Theory of Heavy Climatic Disasters in China,No.G1998040900;and National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.49635190

Abstract: The seasonal and annual precipitation series of 35 stations over eastern China were established using the observations as well as proxy data. All the time series cover the period 1880～1998. During the period 1880～1889, the observed precipitation records are available only for several stations. The huge gap in the data were filled using the historical materials which are used in the past climate reconstruction fruitfully. During the period 1900～1950, the Precipitation Grade Map was applied, and some data gaps were resolved using the documentary evidence too. Since 1951, precipitation observations have been available. During the 3 different periods of time, the observations account for 22 6%, 69 0% and 100% of the total amount of data respectively. All documentary evidence used in this paper is transformed into 5 precipitation categories for every season. The standard is the same as that of used by the China Flood/drought Category Map for the Last Five Centuries, i.e., category 1 is heavy flood, 2 is flood, 3 is normal, 4 is drought and 5 is heavy drought. The frequency of the categories is 1/8 for categories 1 and 5 and 1/4 for the three others. Then, all precipitation categories are transformed into the precipitation amount by the specific functions determined using the recent observed data. Thus, the seasonal precipitation data of all the 35 stations are obtained, and added into the annual amount in the order of spring, summer, autumn and winter. And the possible errors in the transformation are estimated, in averaging less than 28% of the actual rainfall values. The variability of the annual precipitation is preliminarily analyzed. There are no obvious trend, only +0 1%/100a when calculated using the data of whole period 1880～1998. However, there are significant low frequency variations for both the seasonal and annual precipitation series as shown in Figure 2. Power spectral analysis demonstrated that there are evident cycles of 3 3a and 26 7a. The annual time scale period of 3.3a may be related to the ENSO, and the period of 26 7a suggests that there is strong interdecadal variability in the precipitation of China. The significant rainfall variations in the past several decades may be caused by the interdecadal changes, and have no strong association with the global climate trends as expected in some diagnostic and modeling studies.

Key words: China, precipitation, variability

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