关键词: 臭氧, 云和气溶胶, 气候变化和模拟, 纬向平均温度

Abstract: A modified version of the sellers energy balance model is used in this paper to simulate the effects of ozone. clouds and aerosols on the zonal mean sea-level temperatures. Some interesting conclusions are obtained according to the analyses of the simulated results.The main points are as follows:The sea-level mean temperatures will decrease when the concentration of ozone in the stratosphere increases. However, it is not the case that the more the ozane concentration, the larger the decrease of temperature is. The amplitudes of the tamperature decreases will become smaller when the ozone concentration increases by two times or more. This is because that the absorption of soalr radiation by ozone will be saturated, while the green house effect of ozone will be continuously increasing. Temperatures will rise up when the concentration of ozone is reduced by half. Temperature changes are all less than of equal to 0. 8℃.Temperatures will also decreass when the cloudiness increases. the high clouds induce the largest temperature drop. and the middle clouds the second and the low clouds have smallest The temperature changes are within the range of 1. 8 ℃ to 4. 2 ℃. Therefore, the albedo effect of clouds is stronger than the green house effect. Because of the large optical thickness of clouds, the direct light of solar radiation can not bedistinguished, therefore, the results with the direct light and without it are basically the same.When aerosols increase in the atmosphere, the mean sea-level temperatures decrease, too. The stratospheric aerosols have less effect on the temperature drops. and the values of drops are within 0. 5 ℃ . The values of temperature decreases induced by the land aerosols are between 0. 8 ℃ and 2.0℃ . The temperature drops will be one order larger if the direct and the indirect lights are not distinquished.Whether temperatures increase or decrease. the temperature change in the equatorial area is always smaller than that in the polar areas, and change in the south pole is larger than that in the north pole. Because of the above situation, when the temperatures decrease. thetemperature difference between the equator and the poles will increase. hence the meridional components of velocity,the pole-ward transfer of the sensible heat in the atmospnere and oceans will all increase. However.the poleward transfer of the latent heat will decrease. The case will be totelly opposite when temperatures increase.

Key words: Ozone, clouds and aerosols, Climate Clange and modelling, zonally averaged temperatures