地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (5): 599-608.doi: 10.11821/xb201105003

• 气候变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于CI指数的江苏省近50 年干旱的时空分布规律

包云轩1,2, 孟翠丽1,2, 申双和1,2, 邱新法1, 高苹3, 刘聪3   

  1. 1. 江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京信息工程大学, 南京 210044;
    2. 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044;
    3. 江苏省气象局, 南京 210008
  • 收稿日期:2010-07-05 修回日期:2011-01-18 出版日期:2011-05-20 发布日期:2011-05-20
  • 作者简介:包云轩(1963-), 男, 江苏人, 教授, 博士, 博士生导师。主要研究方向为气象与防灾减灾、应用气象、遥感与地理信息系统。E-mail: baoyx@nuist.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2009680); 江苏高校优势学科建设工程

Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Droughts for Recent 50 Years in Jiangsu Based on Meteorological Drought Composite Index

BAO Yunxuan1,2, MENG Cuili1,2, SHEN Shuanghe1,2, QIU Xinfa1, GAO Ping3, LIU Cong3   

  1. 1. Jiangsu Key Lab of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
    2. College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
    3. Meteorological Bureau in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210008, China
  • Received:2010-07-05 Revised:2011-01-18 Online:2011-05-20 Published:2011-05-20
  • Supported by:

    A Project Funded by Science & Technology Pillar Program in Jiangsu Province, No.BE2009680; The Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions

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114

摘要： 根据江苏省54 个气象台站1960-2009 年实测气象资料，利用气象干旱复合指数(compositeindex, CI) 对江苏省近50 年的干旱特征进行了时空分析。通过计算各站历年逐日的CI 指数值，统计近50 年各站点出现的干旱过程，分析江苏省各地区干旱发生的频率、范围和强度，揭示了江苏省干旱发生的时空分布规律。研究结果表明：(1) 江苏省全年和各季干旱发生频率都是北高南低，四季中，冬旱发生频率最高，夏旱发生频率最低，秋旱南北差异不显著。(2) 冬季江苏省干旱大范围发生的年份最多，夏季最少；近50 年来，全年和四季干旱覆盖范围的线性变化趋势不明显。(3) 这50 年中，江苏省逐年干旱持续日数和干旱强度虽然存在着明显的年际波动，但线性变化趋势不明显。(4) 江苏省各等级干旱日数总体上呈现冬季多夏季少、北部多南部少的规律。

关键词: 江苏省, 气象干旱, 复合指数(CI), GIS, 时空变化规律

Abstract: In this paper, the observed meteorological data of 54 meteorological stations from 1960 to 2009 in Jiangsu Province of China were collected and a composite index (CI) of meteorological drought was used to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of droughts in the province. Based on the daily CI values of each station in the 50 years, the drought processes of each station were confirmed one by one and the occurrence frequencies, scopes and severities of the meteorological droughts were computed and analyzed to reveal the temporal and spatial occurrence pattern of the meteorological droughts in different parts of Jiangsu Province. The results were showed as follows. (1) The annual and seasonal occurrence frequencies of the meteorological drought in the province decreased from north to south. In all the seasons, the occurrence frequency of the winter droughts was the highest. (2) The years of drought occurrence in a large scope (more than 90% of the total area of the province) were most in winter and least in summer. (3) In the 50 years, there was a notable inter-annual wave of the annual average lasting days and the annual average occurrence severities of meteorological droughts in the whole province but their linear changing tendencies were not obvious. (4) The drought lasting days of different grades in Jiangsu reduced from north to south in general. The drought lasting days of different grades were most in winter and least in summer.

Key words: Jiangsu, meteorological drought, composite index, GIS, temporal and spatial pattern