地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (7): 905-916.doi: 10.11821/xb201107004

• 气候变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

1960-2009年横断山区潜在蒸发量时空变化

朱国锋1, 何元庆1,2, 蒲焘2, 李宗省1, 王旭峰1, 贾文雄3, 辛惠娟1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室, 兰州 730000;
    2. 兰州大学西部环境与气候变化研究院,兰州 730000;
    3. 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2011-03-28 修回日期:2011-05-09 出版日期:2011-07-20 发布日期:2011-07-20
  • 作者简介:朱国锋(1983-), 男, 甘肃平凉人, 博士研究生, 主要从事寒旱区水文与水资源研究。E-mail: guofeng_zhu@yahoo.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40971019); 国家重点基础研究发展(973) 计划(2007CB411501); 国家自然科学基础人才培养基金冰川学冻土学特殊学科点(J0630966);冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主课题；中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划“西部博士资助项目”(O828A11001)；中国科学院研究生科技创新与社会实践资助专项；国家自然科学基金项目(90511007; 40801028)

Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trends in Potential Evaporation over Hengduan Mountains Region from 1960 to 2009

ZHU Guofeng1, HE Yuanqing1,2, PU Tao2, LI Zongxing1, WANG Xufeng1, JIAWenxiong3, XIN Huijuan1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences Yulong Snow Mountain Glaciers and Environmental Observation Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. Research School of Arid Environment and Climate Change, Lanzhou university, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    3. College of Geography and Environment Science of Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
  • Received:2011-03-28 Revised:2011-05-09 Online:2011-07-20 Published:2011-07-20
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40971019; National Basic Research Program of China,No.2007CB411501; Project for Incubation of Specialists in Glaciology and Geocryology of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.J0630966; the Foundation from The State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science; West Light Foundation of China's Academy of Sciences, No.O828A11001; The CAS Special Grant for Postgraduate Research, Innovation and Practice; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.90511007; No.40801028

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摘要： 以横断山区20 个气象站1960-2009 年逐日气象数据为基础,应用1998 年FAO 修正的Penman-Monteith 模型分析了横断山区潜在蒸发量的变化,在ArcGIS 环境下通过样条插值法分析了潜在蒸发量变化的时空分异,并对影响潜在蒸发量变化的气象因素进行了讨论,结果表明：年潜在蒸发量自20 世纪60 年代中期以来呈波动减小趋势,20 世纪80 年代中期之后减小趋势更加明显,2000-2009 年呈增加趋势。潜在蒸发量的年际变化倾向率为-0.17 mm a-1,从空间分布来看,北部、中部、南部都呈减少趋势,倾向率由北向南逐渐减小。从季节来看,秋季和冬季潜在蒸发量呈增加趋势,春季和夏季呈减小趋势,春季减小趋势大于夏季,秋季增加趋势大于冬季。气温上升、风速和日照时数的降低是横断山区潜在蒸发量减少的主导因素,风速和日照时数的下降导致春季和夏季潜在蒸发量减小,气温上升导致秋季和冬季潜在蒸发量增加。

关键词: 潜在蒸发量, 横断山区, 样条插值法, Penman-Monteith模型, 时空变化

Abstract: In this paper, annual and seasonal changes of potential evaporation were analyzed to conduct studies on hydrological model and ecological environment based on climate data at 20 meteorological stations in the Hengduan Mountains region during 1960-2009, in combination of the Penman-Monteith model. The changing trend in potential evaporation over the Hengduan Mountains is analyzed in this study. With the method of Spline under ArcGIS, the spatial distribution of potential evaporation is presented to research the regional difference. And the correlation analysis is used to discuss the dominant factor affecting the potential evaporation. The results indicate that the annual potential evaporation showed a decreasing tendency since the 1960s, especially from the 1980s to the 1990s, while it showed an increasing tendency since 2000. Regional potential evaporation showed a rate of -0.17 mm a-1. The potential evaporation in north, middle and south of Hengduan Mountains exhibited decreasing trends over the studied period, and its regional trend was on the decline from the southwest to the northeast.

Key words: Hengduan Mountains, potential evaporation, Spline interpolation, Penman-Monteith model, spatial and temporal variation