近42 年来青藏高原年内降水时空不均匀性特征分析

doi:10.11821/xb201103010

地理学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (3): 376-384.doi: 10.11821/xb201103010

近42 年来青藏高原年内降水时空不均匀性特征分析

杨玮, 何金海, 王盘兴, 王传辉

南京信息工程大学气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室，南京210044

收稿日期:2010-08-18 修回日期:2010-12-15 出版日期:2011-03-20 发布日期:2011-03-20
作者简介:杨玮(1985-), 女, 江苏常州人, 博士研究生, 主要从事大气环流异常, 短期气候预测及低频振荡研究。E-mail: yw85508@sohu.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(40633018)

Inhomogeneity Characteristics of Intra-annual Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau in Recent 42 Years

YANGWei, HE Jinhai, WANG Panxing,WANG Chuanhui

Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Received:2010-08-18 Revised:2010-12-15 Online:2011-03-20 Published:2011-03-20
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40633018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据青藏高原1967-2008 年逐日站点降水资料，定义了高原降水集中度(PCD) 和集中期(PCP)。并运用EOF、相关分析等方法分析高原PCD和PCP的时空分布特征、PCD与高原强降水的关系以及PCP前期强影响信号。结果表明：高原大部分地区PCD处于0.4~0.8 之间，PCP则处于36~41 候之间。高原PCD以全区一致型的空间分布为主；而PCP 则以南北反向型分布为主，全区一致型分布次之。整个高原PCD均呈减弱趋势，而PCP均表现为提前特征。除高原南侧个别地区，高原PCD 无论与高原强降水日数还是强降水量均呈显著正相关。同时，高原南北部PCP对应的水汽输送存在显著差异, 高原南部PCP主要受孟加拉湾季风爆发的影响。

关键词: 降水集中度, 降水集中期, 时空非均匀性, 前期信号, 青藏高原

Abstract: Based on the daily precipitation datasets from 1967 to 2008 recorded at stations over the Tibetan Plateau, the precipitation concentration degree (PCD) and precipitation concentration period (PCP) of the Plateau are defined. By means of EOF and correlation, as well as spatial and temporal distributions of PCD and PCP, the relationship between PCD and plateau heavy rainfall, and signals of PCP are investigated. The results show that PCD of the plateau area is between 0.4 and 0.8, while PCP is within 36-41 pentads. In space scale, PCD is nearly congruous in the whole region, while PCP manifests a north-south reverse pattern mainly. In time scale, PCD appears to be a subdued tendency when PCP displays an advanced characteristic. Except for a few places in the southern plateau, PCD shows positive correlation with days as well as amounts of intensive rainfall on plateau. In addition, the water vapor transports have significant differences between northern and southern PCP of the plateau, the onset of Bay of Bengal monsoons may have an effect on PCP of the southern plateau.

Key words: precipitation concentration degree (PCD), plateau precipitation concentration period (PCP), spatial and temporal inhomogeneity, signal, Tibetan Plateau

杨玮, 何金海, 王盘兴, 王传辉. 近42 年来青藏高原年内降水时空不均匀性特征分析[J]. 地理学报, 2011, 66(3): 376-384.

YANGWei, HE Jinhai, WANG Panxing,WANG Chuanhui. Inhomogeneity Characteristics of Intra-annual Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau in Recent 42 Years[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2011, 66(3): 376-384.

参考文献

[1] Qiao Quanming, Zhang Yagao. Synoptic Meteorology over the Tibetan Plateau. Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 1994: 15-17. [乔全明, 张雅高. 青藏高原天气学. 北京: 气象出版社, 1994: 15-17.]

[2] Wei Zhigang, Huang Ronghui, Dong Wenjie. Interannual and interdecadal variations of air temperature and precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2003, 27(2): 157-170. [韦志刚, 黄荣辉, 董文杰. 青原气温和降水的年际和年代际变化. 大气科学, 2003, 27(2): 157-170.]

[3] Chen Yun, Li Qiang, Li Zhechun. Climatic characteristics of heavy rainfall in the northeast Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2006, 17(suppl. 1): 98-103.[谌芸, 李强, 李泽椿. 青藏高原东北部强降水天气过程的特征分析. 应用气象学报, 2006, 17(增刊): 98-103.]

[4] Niu Yafei. The study of environment in the Plateau of Qinghai-Tibet. Progress in Geography, 1999, 18(2): 163-171. [牛. 青藏高原生态环境问题研究. 地理科学进展, 1999, 18(2): 163-171.]

[5] Dai Tingren, Lu Zhongyan, Li Guangxia et al. Research of precipitation concentration degree in Liaoning Province for the last 46 years. Meteorological Monthly, 2007, 33(1): 32-37. [戴廷仁, 陆忠艳, 李广霞等. 近46 年辽宁省降水集中程度. 气象, 2007, 33(1): 32-37.]

[6] Du Yin, Zhang Yaocun, Xie Zhiqing et al. Study on heterogeneity characteristics of durative heavy precipitation during the meiyu period in low-middle reach of Yangtze River. Scientia Meteorologica Sinica, 2007, 27(2): 133-139. [杜银, 张耀存, 谢志清等. 长江中下游梅汛期强降水过程非均匀特征. 气象科学, 2007, 27(2): 133-139.]

[7] Zhang Wen, Zhang Tianyu, Liu Jian. Temporal and spatial features of precipitation-concentration degree and precipitation-concentration period of annual rainfall over Northeast China. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, 2008, 31(3): 403-410. [张文, 张天宇, 刘剑. 东北降水过程年集中度和集中期的时空变化特征. 南京气象学院学报, 2008, 31(3): 403-410.]

[8] Zhang Lujun, Qian Yongfu. Annual distribution features of the yearly precipitation in China and their interannual variations. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2003, 17(2): 146-163.

[9] Zhang Lujun, Qian Yongfu. A study on the feature of precipitation concentration and its relation to flood-producing in the Yangtze River Valley of China. Chinese J. Geophys., 2004, 47(4): 622-630. [张录军, 钱永甫. 长江流域雨季降水集中度涝关系研究. 地球物理学报, 2003, 47(4): 622-630.]

[10] Yang Jinhu, Wang Pengxiang, Bai Huzhi et al. Intra-annual inhomogeneity characteristics of precipitation over northwest China. Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2007, 3(5): 276-281. [杨金虎, 王鹏祥, 白虎志等. 中国西北降水年内非均匀性特征. 气候变化研究进展, 2007, 3(5): 276-281.]

[11] Zhang Tianyu, Cheng Bingyan, Wang Jifang et al. Temporal and spatial change characteristics of precipitationconcentration degree (PCD) and precipitation-concentration period (PCP) over north China in rainy reason. Plateau Meteorology, 2007, 26(4): 843-852. [张天宇, 程炳岩, 王记芳等. 华北雨季降水集中度和集中期的时空变化特征. 高象, 2007, 26(4): 843-852.]

[12] Zhang Yunfu, Hu Chunli, Zhao Chunyu et al. Intra-annual inhomogeneity characteristics of precipitation in Northeast China. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2009, 18(2): 89-94. [张运福, 胡春丽, 赵春雨等. 东北地区降水年内分配的不均. 自然灾害学报, 2009, 18(2): 89-94.]

[13] Wei Fengying. Modern Technology of Climate Statistical Diagnosis and Prediction. 2nd ed. Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 2007: 18-20, 105-113. [魏凤英. 现代气候统计诊断与预测技术. 2 版. 北京: 气象出版社, 2007: 18-20, 105-113.]

[14] Jiang Jixi, Fan Meizhu. A primary study of the relationship between TBB fields and water vapor distribution over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in summer. Plateau Meteorology, 2002, 21(1): 19-24. [江吉喜, 范梅珠. 青藏高原夏季TBB场汽分布关系的初步研究. 高原气象, 2002, 21(1): 19-24.]

[15] Ye Duzheng, Gao Youxi. Meteorology over the Tibetan Plateau. Beijing: Science Press, 1979: 54-59. [叶笃正, 高由禧. 高原气象学. 北京: 科学出版社, 1979: 54-59.]

[16] Lu Yabin, Xie Ming'en, Fan Bo et al. Analyses on climatic features and water vapour transportation of rainy center in southeast corner of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in spring. Plateau Meteorology, 2008, 27(6): 1189-1194. [鲁亚斌, 解明恩, 等. 春季高原东南角多雨中心的气候特征及水汽输送分析. 高原气象, 2008, 27(6): 1189-1194.]

[17] North G R, Bell T L, Cahalan R F et al. Sampling errors in the estimation of empirical orthogonal functions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 1982, 110(7): 699-706.

[18] Ge Sang, Tang Xiaoping, Lu Hongya. Climatic characteristics of rainfall and rainy days during the last 35 years over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2008, 63(9): 924-930. [格桑, 唐小萍, 路红亚. 近35 年青藏高原雨雨日的变化特征. 地理学报, 2008, 63(9): 924-930.]

[19] Zhang Wen, Shou Shaowen, Yang Jinhu et al. Analysis on change of precipitation extreme values in flood season over northwest China in recent 45 years. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2007, 21(12): 126-132. [张文, 寿, 杨金虎, 等. 近45a来中国西北汛期降水极值的变化分析. 干旱区资源与环境, 2007, 21(12): 126-132.]

[20] Zhang X B, Wan H. Trends in total precipitation and frequency of daily precipitation extremes over China. Journal of Climate, 2005, 18: 1096-1108.

[21] Hoskins B, Karoly D. The steady linear response of a spherical atmosphere to thermal and orographic forcing. J Atmos. Sci., 1981, 38: 1179-1196.

[22] Zhou T. Comparison of the global air-sea freshwater exchange evaluated from independent datasets. Progress in Natural Science, 2003, 13(8): 626-631.

近42 年来青藏高原年内降水时空不均匀性特征分析

Inhomogeneity Characteristics of Intra-annual Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau in Recent 42 Years

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	黄海, 田尤, 刘建康, 张佳佳, 杨东旭, 杨顺. 藏东地区斜坡土壤冻融侵蚀力学机制及敏感性分析[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(1): 87-100.
[2]	封志明, 李文君, 李鹏, 肖池伟. 青藏高原地形起伏度及其地理意义[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1359-1372.
[3]	孙思奥, 王晶, 戚伟. 青藏高原地区城乡虚拟水贸易格局与影响因素[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1346-1358.
[4]	梁馨月, 徐梦珍, 吕立群, 崔一飞, 张风宝. 基于地貌特征的青藏高原边缘泥石流沟分类[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1373-1385.
[5]	冯雨雪, 李广东. 青藏高原城镇化与生态环境交互影响关系分析[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1386-1405.
[6]	许珺, 徐阳, 胡蕾, 王振波. 基于位置大数据的青藏高原人类活动时空模式[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1406-1417.
[7]	王楠, 王会蒙, 杜云艳, 易嘉伟, 刘张, 涂文娜. 青藏高原人口流入流出时空模式研究[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1418-1431.
[8]	戚伟, 刘盛和, 周亮. 青藏高原人口地域分异规律及“胡焕庸线”思想应用[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(2): 255-267.
[9]	高星, 康世昌, 刘青松, 陈鹏飞, 段宗奇. 1899—2011年青藏高原南部枪勇错沉积物磁性矿物的环境意义[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(1): 68-81.
[10]	范科科, 张强, 孙鹏, 宋长青, 余慧倩, 朱秀迪, 申泽西. 青藏高原土壤水分变化对近地面气温的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(1): 82-97.
[11]	郭超,蒙红卫,马玉贞,李丹丹,胡彩莉,刘杰瑞,雒聪文,王凯. 藏南羊卓雍错沉积物元素地球化学记录的过去2000年环境变化[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(7): 1345-1362.
[12]	高兴川,曹小曙,李涛,吕敏娟. 1976-2016年青藏高原地区通达性空间格局演变[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(6): 1190-1204.
[13]	田原,余成群,查欣洁,高星,于明寨. 青藏高原西部、南部和东北部边界地区天然水的水化学性质及其成因[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(5): 975-991.
[14]	范科科, 张强, 孙鹏, 宋长青, 朱秀迪, 余慧倩, 申泽西. 青藏高原地表土壤水变化、影响因子及未来预估[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(3): 520-533.
[15]	范科科,张强,史培军,孙鹏,余慧倩. 基于卫星遥感和再分析数据的青藏高原土壤湿度数据评估[J]. 地理学报, 2018, 73(9): 1778-1791.