地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2003, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (1): 63-72.doi: 10.11821/xb200301008

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

干旱区绿洲土地利用与覆被变化过程

罗格平，周成虎，陈曦1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，乌鲁木齐 830011；
    2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2002-09-10 修回日期:2002-11-25 出版日期:2003-01-25 发布日期:2003-01-25
  • 作者简介:罗格平(1968-), 男, 博士, 副研究员, 主要从事资源与环境、遥感与地理信息系统应用研究。 E-mail: luogpca@yahoo.ca
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX3-SW-327)；国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G199043507和G1999043508)

Process of Land Use/ Land Cover Change in the Oasis of Arid Region

LUO Geping1, ZHOU Chenghu2, CHEN Xi1   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011,China;
    2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101,China
  • Received:2002-09-10 Revised:2002-11-25 Online:2003-01-25 Published:2003-01-25
  • Supported by:

    Project of Knowledge Innovation of CAS, No. KZCX3-SW-327; The National Key Basic Research Project of China, No. G1999043507 & G1999043508

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被引次数

670

摘要：

应用遥感和GIS技术及数理统计学方法，以新疆三工河流域冲洪积扇－冲积平原型绿洲为研究区，利用1978年、1987年和1998年的遥感数据，深入研究了70年代中后期以来干旱区绿洲LUCC的过程和趋势。结果表明：(1) 遥感和GIS在绿洲土地利用与覆被变化数据获取和空间分析方面是一种非常强大而有效的技术手段；(2) 通过建立绿洲LUCC的幅度、速度、区域差异和变化趋势数学模型，可以较好的研究绿洲土地LUCC的过程和趋势，如变化的双向性、单向性、正向性和反向性，变化的涨势或落势等，在三工河流域绿洲应用取得良好效果；(3) 自70年代中后期以来三工河流域绿洲LUCC趋缓，并存在显著的时空差异：前期绿洲LUCC处于单向转换过程的非平衡状态，并呈现一定的地段分异，其中绿洲上部处于准平衡状态，而绿洲中部和下部处于非平衡状态。后期绿洲LUCC呈现双向转换为主的发展态势，使绿洲LUCC处于准平衡状态；绿洲上部和中部处于非平衡状态，绿洲下部处于平衡状态，均表现出不同的变化过程和趋势。

关键词: 土地利用与土地覆被变化；趋势和状态模型；平衡状态；三工河流域绿洲

Abstract:

Using remote sensing imagery data of 1978, 1987 and 1998, and taking the typical oasis in alluvial-diluvial/fan-alluvial-plain type in Sangong River Watershed as study area, the process and trend of oasis LUCC are analyzed by applying the methods of remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS) and statistics. The main results of oasis LUCC in Sangong River Watershed are as follows.(1) RS and GIS are powerful techniques and methods in capturing oasis LUCC data and analyzing its spatial change.(2) Establishing mathematical models in the range, speed, regional differences and trend index of LUCC, especially the model of LUCC trend and state, the process and trend of oasis LUCC can be deeply studied, including bi-direction process, single-direction process, positive and negative process, rising and falling trend, etc. these models are applied to oasis of Sangong River Watershed and satisfactory effects have been obtained. (3) The LUCC in oasis has had a slow tendency since 1978 and obviously shows temporal and spatial differences. In the period of 1978-1987, the index of oasis LUCC trend and state was 0.58, which indicates that oasis LUCC presented non-equilibrium state with the transition process in single direction and evident regional differences: the state of LUCC was quasi-balanced in the upper part of oasis, but non-balanced in the middle and lower parts of oasis. In the period of 1987-1998, the index of oasis LUCC trend and state was 0.3, which indicates that the state of oasis LUCC was quasi-balanced with the transition process in bi-direction and showed the different regional changes compared with the period during 1987-1998: the state of LUCC was non-balanced in the upper and middle parts of oasis, but balanced in the lower part of oasis. (4) No matter how quantitative change or spatial change, the speed of LUCC in the middle part of oasis is the biggest among its parts and more than that of LUCC of entire oasis; the next is the lower part and the smallest is the upper part, whose speeds are all less than that of LUCC of entire oasis.

Key words: land use/land-cover change, model of trend and state, equilibrium state, oasis in Sangong River Watershed