长江口外海域沉积物中有机物的来源及分布

doi:10.11821/xb200709009

地理学报 ›› 2007, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (9): 981-991.doi: 10.11821/xb200709009

长江口外海域沉积物中有机物的来源及分布

高建华¹, 汪亚平¹, 潘少明¹, 张瑞¹, 李军², 白风龙¹

1. 南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室,南京210093;
2. 青岛海洋地质研究所,青岛266071

收稿日期:2007-06-09 修回日期:2007-08-10 出版日期:2007-09-25 发布日期:2007-09-25
作者简介:高建华(1973-), 副教授, 主要从事海岸海洋科学的研究。E-mail: jhgao@nju.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB412401); 国家自然科学基金(No.40506022; No.40506013) 资助项目

Source and Distribution of Organic Matter in Seabed Sediments of the Changjiang River Estuary and Its Adjacent Sea Area

GAO Jianhua¹, WANG Yaping¹, PAN Shaoming¹, ZHANG Rui¹, LI Jun², BAI Fenglong¹

1. Key Laboratory of Coast and Island Development of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
2. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China

Received:2007-06-09 Revised:2007-08-10 Online:2007-09-25 Published:2007-09-25
Supported by:
National Basic Research Program of China, No.2002CB412401; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40506022; No.40506013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过分析长江口外海域不同区域有机碳和氮的分布特征及其影响因素，了解了底部沉积物中有机碳和氮同位素的生物地球化学特征，探讨二者对长江口外海域底部沉积物中有机物来源的指示意义。运用质量混合模型，计算了长江输入的陆源有机物的贡献及其空间变化。结果表明，长江口外海域沉积物中TOC 和TN 的分布和东海陆架的环流体系有着密切关系，与环流的分布相对应，如果大致沿31^oN 和123^oE 作为分界线，整个研究区的TOC 和TN 的分布可划分为4 个具有不同分布特征的区域。TOC、TN、δ¹³C 和δ¹⁵N 分别与沉积物的平均粒径呈线性相关关系，因此，粒度效应是控制长江口外海域沉积物中有机物分布和稳定同位素碳、氮的一个重要因素。研究区内的C/N 比值能够在一定程度上体现有机物的来源信息，但δ¹⁵N 表现出了与C/N 和δ¹³C 不同的区域分布和变化特征。陆源有机物来源比重较高的区域与长江口外海域赤潮突发频率最高的地区相对应。长江口附近沉积物中的陆源有机物来源最高，超过了50%，且等值线呈舌状向东北方向凸出，表明了长江冲淡水的影响。陆源颗粒态有机物沉海底后，要不断经历早期成岩作用和生物作用，因此在在相同地点，陆源有机物对沉积物中有机物的贡献，要明显小于对悬浮颗粒态有机物的贡献。

关键词: 有机碳, 氮, 稳定同位素碳, 稳定同位素氮, 物源分析, 长江口外海域

Abstract:

In this paper, 34 superficial sediment samples were collected in Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent sea area. Subsequently, grain size, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions were also analysized. Finally, organic carbon and nitrogen spatial distribution patterns in Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent sea area were studied; characteristics of stable carbon and nitrogen isotope in seabed sediments and their implications for tracing organic matter source were discussed; and contributions of different organic matter sources in seabed sediment were calculated. The spatial distribution patterns of total organic carbon and total nitrogen show apparent correlation with currents of East China Sea shelf. Corresponding to distributions of these currents, the study area could be divided into four different parts. Total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and organic carbon and nitrogen stable isotope in sediments shows linear correlation with mean grain size, respectively, thus "grain size effect" is an important factor that influences their distributions. C/N ratio can reflect source information of organic matter to a certain degree. In contrast, nitrogen stable isotope shows different spatial distribution patterns with C/N and organic carbon stable isotope, according to their relationships and regional distributions. The highest contribution (more than 50%) of the terrestrial organic carbon appears near the Changjiang River Estuary, and their isolines project towards northeast, indicating the influence of Changjiang dilution water. The terrestrial particulate organic matter suffers from effects of diagenesis, benthos and incessant inputting of dead organic matter of plankton, after depositing in seabed. Therefore, the contribution of terrestrial organic carbon to particulate organic matter is obviously greater than that to organic matter in sediments in the same place.

Key words: total organic carbon, total nitrogen, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, material sources, Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent sea area

高建华, 汪亚平, 潘少明, 张瑞, 李军, 白风龙. 长江口外海域沉积物中有机物的来源及分布[J]. 地理学报, 2007, 62(9): 981-991.

GAO Jianhua, WANG Yaping, PAN Shaoming, ZHANG Rui, LI Jun, BAI Fenglong. Source and Distribution of Organic Matter in Seabed Sediments of the Changjiang River Estuary and Its Adjacent Sea Area[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2007, 62(9): 981-991.

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长江口外海域沉积物中有机物的来源及分布

Source and Distribution of Organic Matter in Seabed Sediments of the Changjiang River Estuary and Its Adjacent Sea Area

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