长江干流江苏段44 年来河道冲淤变化的时空特征

doi:10.11821/xb200711007

地理学报 ›› 2007, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (11): 1185-1193.doi: 10.11821/xb200711007

长江干流江苏段44 年来河道冲淤变化的时空特征

王建¹, 刘平¹, 高正荣², 白世彪¹, 曹光杰^1,3, 屈贵贤¹

1. 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 南京210046;
2. 南京水利科学研究院, 南京210029;
3. 临沂师范学院地理与旅游学院, 临沂276005

收稿日期:2007-06-03 修回日期:2007-07-25 出版日期:2007-11-25 发布日期:2007-11-25
作者简介:王建(1962-), 博士、教授, 博士生导师, 中国地理学会理事。长期从事自然地理学与地貌学的研究, 发表论著130 余篇(部). E-mail: jwang169@vip.sina.com
基金资助:
国家重点基础与发展研究项目(973) 课题(2003CB415201-8)

Temporal-spatial Variation of the Channel in Jiangsu Reach of the Yangtze River during the Last 44 Years

WANG Jian¹, LIU Ping¹, GAO Zhengrong², BAI Shibiao¹, CAO Guangjie^1,3, QU Guixian¹

1. Collage of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China;
2. Nanjing Hydraulic Science Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China;
3. College of Geography and Tourism, Linyi Normal University, Linyi 276005, Shandong, China

Received:2007-06-03 Revised:2007-07-25 Online:2007-11-25 Published:2007-11-25
Supported by:
National Basic Research Program of China, No.2003CB415201-8

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通常认为气候变暖引起的海平面上升将导致下游河道的淤积, 流域水土保持和水库建设引起的上游来沙量的减少将导致下游河道的冲刷。然而, 长江下游河道是如何对海平面上升和上游来沙量的减少做出响应的, 至今还没有直接的确凿的证据。在地理信息技术支撑下, 对长江干流江苏段(约330 km) 5 个时期1:25000~1:60000 的河道地形图进行了数字化, 建立了1959、1970、1985、1992 和2003 年河道数字地形图, 对河道的冲淤变化进行了计算分析。结果表明, 长江干流江苏段在1985 年前后发生过明显的河道冲淤转换: 由1959-1985 年之间的平均淤积状态转变为1985-2003 年之间的平均冲刷状态。主要原因是1985 年以后该河段的上游来沙量的减少。1959-1985 年之间长江干流江苏段河道的淤积过程, 存在着由上游向下游推进的“顺流堆积”现象。1985-2003 年之间, 下段冲刷速率大于中段和上段。

关键词: 长江, DEM, 冲刷, 淤积, 转换, 河道, 下游

Abstract:

River channel sedimentation in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River can be affected by both rising sea level due to global warming and the construction of reservoirs in the upper river that reduces the amount of sand discharge. To evaluate the dynamic changes of sedimentation and erosion of the Jiangsu reach of the Yangtze River (about 330 km in length) from 1958 to 2003, databases of five periods Digital Elevation Mode (DEM) of underwater topography were designed and constructed on the basis of the Jiangsu River Relief Map in 1959, 1970, 1985, 1992 and 2003 (1:25000-1:60000). The result indicated that the main course of Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province had experienced an obvious switch from sedimentation to erosion around 1985 because of the decreasing amount of sediment yield from the upper Yangtze River after that year. The sedimentation process in the main course of Jiangsu reach of the Yangtze River demonstrated propulsive phenomena of "down-reach-ward accumulation". Between 1985 and 2003, the erosion rate of the lower segment was greater than those of the middle and upper segments. The reason is probably the bigger shortage of sediment yield due to the decrease of sediment source from the upper reach and the strengthening protection of the bank erosion in the lower reach.

Key words: Yangtze River, DEM, sedimentation, erosion, conversion, transition, channel, lower reach

王建, 刘平, 高正荣, 白世彪, 曹光杰, 屈贵贤. 长江干流江苏段44 年来河道冲淤变化的时空特征[J]. 地理学报, 2007, 62(11): 1185-1193.

WANG Jian, LIU Ping, GAO Zhengrong, BAI Shibiao, CAO Guangjie, QU Guixian. Temporal-spatial Variation of the Channel in Jiangsu Reach of the Yangtze River during the Last 44 Years[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2007, 62(11): 1185-1193.

参考文献

[1] Huang Yue, Huang Yiling. Investigation into Tendency of River Erosion Downstream of Three-Gorge Project. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 1998, 15(3): 6-10.
[黄悦, 黄翌龄. 三峡水库下游河床冲刷趋势探讨. 长江科学院院报, 1998.15(3):6-10.]

[2] Dai Shibao, Yang Shilun, Zhao Huayun et al. Response of middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River to the initial operation stage of the Three Gorges Project. Journal of Sediment Research, 2005, (5): 35-39.
[戴仕宝, 杨世伦, 赵华云等. 三峡水库蓄水运用初期长江中下游河道冲淤响应. 泥沙研究, 2005, (5): 35-39.]

[3] Li Yitian, Sun Zhaohua, Deng Jinyun. A study on riverbed erosion downstream from the Three Gorges Reservoir. Journal of Basic Science and Engineering, 2003, 11(3): 283-295.
[李义天, 孙昭华, 邓金运. 论三峡水库下游的河床冲淤变化. 应用基础与工程科学学报, 2003, 11(3): 283-295.]

[4] Han Qiwei, He Mingmin. Erosion of river reach downstream Three Gorge Reservoir and its influence on flood prevention. Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering, 1995, (3): 34-46.
[韩其为, 何明民. 三峡水库修建后下游长江冲刷及其对防洪的影响. 水利发电学报, 1995, (3): 34-46.]

[5] Yu Minghui, Liang Xing, Duan Xuezhong. Peak water level variation and bed change of the Yangtze River. South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Scinece & Technology, 2004, 2(6): 31-35.
[余明辉, 梁杏, 段学忠. 长江中下游洪水变化与河床冲淤. 南水北调与水利科技, 2004, 2(6): 31-35.]

[6] Shi Guoyu, Xu Quanxi, Chen Zefang. Analysis on channel scouring and silting and self-adjusting in midstream and downstream reaches of Changjiang River. Journal of Mountain Science, 2002, 20(3): 257-265.
[石国钰, 许全喜, 陈泽方.长江中下游河道冲淤与河床自动调整作用分析. 山地学报, 2002, 20(3): 257-265.]

[7] Duan Xuezhong, Zhang Zhengquan. The river morphology change of Jingjiang Reach after the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir. Journal of Wuhan University of Hydraulic and Electric Engineering, 1997, 30(4): 26-29.
[段学忠, 张政权. 三峡建库后荆江河段河床形态变化. 武汉水利电力大学学报, 1997, 30(4): 26-29.]

[8] Jiang Jiahu, Huang Qun. Impacts of the Three Gorges Project on its downstream water level. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1997, (8): 39-43.
[姜加虎, 黄群. 三峡工程对其下游长江水位影响的研究. 水利学报, 1997, (8): 39-43.]

[9] Yin Hongfu, Chen Guojin. Analysis of sediment in the middle reach of the Yangtze River. Science in China (Series D) 2004, 34(3): 195-209.
[殷鸿福, 陈国金. 长江中游的泥沙淤积问题.中国科学(D 辑), 2004, 34(3): 195-209.]

[10] Li Congxian, Yang Shouye, Fan Daidu. The change in Changjiang suspended load and its impact on the delta after completion of Three Gorges Dam. Quaternary Sciences, 2004, 24(5): 495-500.
[李从先, 杨守业, 范代读. 三峡大坝建成后长江输沙量的减少及其对长江三角洲的影响. 第四纪研究, 2004, 24(5): 495-500.]

[11] Yang S L, Belkin I M. Delta response to decline in sediment supply from the Yangtze River: Evidence of the recent four decades and expectations for the next half century. Estuarine, Coastal & Shelf Science, 2003, 57: 689-699.

[12] Yang Shilun, Zhu Jun, Li Peng. Response of tidal bank on the Changjiang River Mouth foreland to drastic decline in riverine sediment supply and sea level rise. Advances in Marine Science, 2005, 23(2): 152-158.
[杨世伦, 朱俊, 李鹏. 长江口前沿潮滩对来沙锐减和海面上升的响应. 海洋科学进展, 2005, 23(2): 152-158.]

[13] Yu Zhiying, Lou Fei. The evolvement characteristics of Nanhuizui foreland in the Changjiang Estuary, China. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2004, 26(3): 47-53.
[虞志英, 楼飞. 长江口南汇嘴近岸海床近期演变分析: 兼论长江流域来沙量变化的影响. 海洋学报, 2004, 26(3): 47-53.]

[14] Li Ming, Yang Shilun, Li Peng et al. Drastic decrease in sediment supply from Yangtze River and coastal crisis. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2006, 61(3): 282-288.
[李明, 杨世伦, 李鹏等. 长江泥沙锐减与海岸滩涂资源的危机. 地理学报, 2006, 61(3): 282-288.]

[15] Li Maotian, Chen Zhongyuan. Analysis of Jiujiang reach of Changjiang River evolution in recent forty years using DEM. Advances in Water Science, 2004, 15(3): 330-335.
[李茂田, 陈中原. 长江九江段40 年来河道演变的DEM 研究. 水科学进展, 2004, 15(3): 330-335.]

[16] Xu Jiongxin. Respond of channel sediment budget to flow and sediment inputs: An example of the Yichang-Wuhan reach, Yangtze River. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2005, 60(2): 337-348.
[许炯心. 长江宜昌—武汉河段泥沙年冲淤量对水沙变化的响应. 地理学报, 2005, 60(2): 337-348.]

[17] Du Yonghong, Guo Bixiang, Chen Desheng. Variation of the Rugao sandy beach in Yangtze River . Yangtze River, 2002, 33(12): 11-13.
[杜永红, 郭必祥, 陈德胜. 长江如皋沙群演变与整治. 人民长江, 2002, 33(12): 11-13.]

[18] Mao Ye, Huang Cai'an, Chen Jianhua. Experimental study on the effects of sand mining on the riverbed deformation in Zhenjiang reach and its application. Journal of Sediment Research, 2004, (3): 41-45.
[毛野, 黄才安, 陈建华. 长江镇江段河道采沙的影响及其控制利用试验研究. 泥沙研究, 2004, (3): 41-45.]

[19] Liu Juan, Liu Hong, Sun Daifeng. Analesis on evolution tendency of river bed for Zheng-Yang stretch in rencent period. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2003, 20(4): 18-20.
[刘娟, 刘宏, 张岱峰. 长江镇扬河段近期河床演变趋势分析. 长江科学院院报, 2003, 20(4): 18-20.]

[20] Zhang Zengfa, Li Qishun. Study on river bed evolution of Zhenjiang-Yangzhou reach, Yangtze River. Yangtze River, 2001, 32(9): 39-40.
[张增发, 李启顺. GIS 支持下长江镇扬河段河床演变分析. 人民长江, 2001, 32(9): 39-40.]

[21] Ding Xianrong, Wang Wen, Yang Tao. River digital terrain information system and GIS for Zhen-Yang Section of Yangtze River. Journal of Hohai University (Natural Sciences), 2001, 29(4): 116-119.
[丁贤荣, 王文, 杨涛.长江河道数字地形信息系统和镇扬河段GIS 研制. 河海大学学报, 2001, 29(4): 116-119.]

[22] Song Lanlan. Research on the location of tidal current limit of Yangtze River. Hydrology, 2002, 22(5): 25-26.
[宋兰兰. 长江潮流界位置探讨. 水文, 2002, 22(5): 25-26.]

[23] Xu Gang, Wang Ying, Zhu Dakui. Sea level rise analysis of the Yangtze River Estuary. Journal of Nanjing University (Natural Sciences), 1998, 34(3): 272-276.
[徐刚, 王颖, 朱大奎. 长江口海面上升量分析. 南京大学学报(自然科学版), 1998, 34(3): 272-276.]

[24] Ying Ming, Li Jiufa, Wan Xinning et al. Study on time series of sediment discharge at Datong Station in the Yangtze River. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2005, 14(1): 83-87.
[应铭, 李九发, 万新宁等. 长江大通站输沙量时间序列分析研究. 长江流域与环境, 2005, 14(1): 83-87.]

长江干流江苏段44 年来河道冲淤变化的时空特征

Temporal-spatial Variation of the Channel in Jiangsu Reach of the Yangtze River during the Last 44 Years

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	柴元方, 邓金运, 杨云平, 孙昭华, 李义天, 朱玲玲. 长江中游荆江河段同流量—水位演化特征及驱动成因[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(1): 101-113.
[2]	程亦菲, 夏军强, 周美蓉, 王英珍. 黄河下游游荡段排沙比对水沙条件与断面形态的响应[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(1): 127-138.
[3]	刘清兰, 陈俊卿, 陈沈良. 调水调沙以来黄河尾闾河道冲淤演变及其影响因素[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(1): 139-152.
[4]	任以胜, 陆林, 虞虎, 朱道才. 尺度政治视角下的新安江流域生态补偿政府主体博弈[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(8): 1667-1679.
[5]	方世敏, 黄琰. 长江经济带旅游效率与规模的时空演化及耦合协调[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(8): 1757-1772.
[6]	王彦君, 吴保生, 钟德钰. 黄河下游主槽断面形态对水沙变化响应过程的模拟[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1494-1511.
[7]	杨霄. 1570—1971年长江镇扬河段江心沙洲的演变过程及原因分析[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1512-1522.
[8]	景唤, 钟德钰, 张红武, 石旭芳, 王彦君. 河流过程的累积现象和随机模型[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(5): 1079-1094.
[9]	鲁大铭, 杨新军, 石育中, 王子侨. 黄土高原乡村体制转换与转型发展[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(2): 348-364.
[10]	范科科, 张强, 孙鹏, 宋长青, 余慧倩, 朱秀迪, 申泽西. 青藏高原土壤水分变化对近地面气温的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(1): 82-97.
[11]	华凯,程和琴,郑树伟. 长江口横沙通道近岸冲刷地貌形成机制[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(7): 1363-1373.
[12]	赵长森,潘旭,杨胜天,刘昌明,陈新,张含明,潘天力. 低空遥感无人机影像反演河道流量[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(7): 1392-1408.
[13]	严鑫,孙昭华,谢翠松,夏军强. 基于经验模型的长江口南支上段压咸临界流量[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(5): 935-947.
[14]	姚振兴, 陈庆强, 杨钦川. 20世纪50年代中期以来崇明岛东部盐沼发育对长江入海泥沙的响应[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(3): 572-585.
[15]	陈雯,王珏,孙伟. 基于成本—收益的长三角地方政府的区域合作行为机制案例分析[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(2): 312-322.