地理学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 76 ›› Issue (4): 870-887.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202104007
刘清1(), 杨永春1,2(
), 蒋小荣3, 曹宛鹏1, 刘笑杰1
收稿日期:
2020-03-10
修回日期:
2020-07-22
出版日期:
2021-04-25
发布日期:
2021-06-25
通讯作者:
杨永春(1969-), 男, 陕西白水人, 教授, 博士生导师, 研究方向为城市与区域发展规划。E-mail: yangych@lzu.edu.cn作者简介:
刘清(1995-), 女, 甘肃华亭人, 硕士生, 研究方向为城市与区域规划。E-mail: liuq18@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
LIU Qing1(), YANG Yongchun1,2(
), JIANG Xiaorong3, CAO Wanpeng1, LIU Xiaojie1
Received:
2020-03-10
Revised:
2020-07-22
Published:
2021-04-25
Online:
2021-06-25
Supported by:
摘要:
本文基于2019年苹果手机供应商数据,从全球价值链视角构建全球化城市网络,将具有全球化职能的专业城市与世界城市纳入同一分析框架,运用社会网络与社区发现方法,研究了研发型、生产型、代工服务型城市网络的节点中心性、整体拓扑结构、社群结构及影响机制。结果发现:① 苹果手机零部件的全球化城市网络均具有多中心与多样化、节点等级化、联系外部化特征,网络中“明星”节点高权力—高声望并存且权力总体高于声望;② 研发型城市网络联系最紧密,趋于首位城市分布,小团体结构与集群发育明显。生产型网络关联性最高,网络趋于均匀结构与位序—规模分布。代工服务型网络中心性最高,权力集中在少数城市节点,众多节点易受核心节点控制与支配。③ 研发型城市社区集群最明显,企业通过知识关联效应形成专业化集群,获取本地化经济益处,并通过链式与轮轴式布局建立基于关系接近的跨国网络社区。生产型城市社区集群次之,企业通过经济关联效应形成一般化集群,获取城市化经济益处,通过网络式布局建立基于地理接近的本国内跨行政区网络社区。代工服务型城市社区未发育出明显集群网络,企业通过低成本关联实现规模经济,世界工厂模式形成散点式网络社区。
刘清, 杨永春, 蒋小荣, 曹宛鹏, 刘笑杰. 基于全球价值链的全球化城市网络分析——以苹果手机供应商为例[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(4): 870-887.
LIU Qing, YANG Yongchun, JIANG Xiaorong, CAO Wanpeng, LIU Xiaojie. An analysis of the multidimensional globalizing city networks based on global value chain: A case study of iPhone suppliers[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(4): 870-887.
表2
全球化城市网络结构的统计特征值
网络特征 | 统计指标 | GCN1 | GCN2 | GCN3 | GCN4 | GCN5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
网络规模 | 节点数 | 87 | 83 | 106 | 61 | 66 |
边数 | 135 | 132 | 194 | 76 | 95 | |
密度 | 0.018 | 0.019 | 0.017 | 0.020 | 0.022 | |
网络直径 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 3 | |
相对中心性 | 平均度数中心性 | 0.757 | 0.783 | 0.648 | 0.258 | 0.821 |
平均中介中心性 | 1.081 | 1.274 | 0.924 | 0.333 | 1.452 | |
位序—规模法则 | y=2.897-1.662x R2=0.985 | y=1.563-1.159x R2=0.973 | y=1.633-1.236x R2=0.908 | y=0.492-0.566x R2=0.939 | y=2.654-1.543x R2=0.961 | |
关联性 | 关联度 | 0.866 | 0.946 | 0.999 | 0.989 | 0.777 |
等级度 | 0.689 | 0.551 | 0.302 | 0.371 | 0.833 | |
效率 | 0.985 | 0.862 | 0.984 | 0.970 | 0.387 | |
最近上限 | 0.359 | 0.331 | 0.138 | 0.197 | 0.720 | |
派系分析 | E-I指数 | -0.975** | -0.991** | -0.913** | -0.535** | -0.736** |
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