地理学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 76 ›› Issue (3): 645-662.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202103011

• 环境与生态系统服务 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于三维四面体模型的西藏资源环境承载力综合评价

封志明(), 游珍(), 杨艳昭, 施慧   

  1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源利用与环境修复实验室,北京100101
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-30 修回日期:2021-03-09 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-05-25
  • 通讯作者: 游珍(1980-), 女, 湖北武汉人, 博士, 高级工程师, 主要从事人口地理与区域发展研究。E-mail: youz@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:封志明(1963-), 男, 河北平山人, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事资源开发与区域可持续发展。E-mail: fengzm@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK1006)

Comprehensive evaluation of resource and environment carrying capacity of Tibet based on a three-dimensional tetrahedron model

FENG Zhiming(), YOU Zhen(), YANG Yanzhao, SHI Hui   

  1. Resource Utilization and Environmental Remediation Laboratory, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2020-06-30 Revised:2021-03-09 Published:2021-03-25 Online:2021-05-25
  • Supported by:
    The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP)(2019QZKK1006)

摘要:

资源环境承载力定量评价与综合计量是资源环境承载力研究由分类走向综合的关键技术环节。本文从系统角度出发,提出了“人居环境适宜性分区——资源承载力限制性分类——社会经济发展适应性分等——资源环境承载力警示性分级”的资源环境承载力综合评价的研究思路与技术路线,构建了具有平衡态意义的资源环境承载力综合评价的三维四面体模型,对区域资源环境承载力监测预警机制的建立具有清晰的政策指导意义。基于上述模型方法,以公里格网为基础,以分县为基本单元,开展了西藏自治区的资源环境承载力综合评价。研究表明,西藏3/4左右土地、4/5以上人口所在的县域资源环境综合承载力处于盈余或平衡状态,资源环境综合承载状态良好;人居环境以不适宜和临界适宜为主要特征,社会经济发展水平普遍滞后,人居环境自然适宜性和社会经济发展水平在较大程度上限制了西藏资源环境承载力的发挥及其提升。

关键词: 资源环境承载力, 综合评价, 四面体模型, 监测预警, 西藏

Abstract:

Quantitative evaluation and comprehensive measurement of resource and environmental carrying capacity are the technical keys in the research of resource and environmental carrying capacity from classification to synthesis. From a system perspective, this paper proposes a three-dimensional tetrahedron model with physical meaning to comprehensively evaluate resource and environmental carrying capacity, which is conducted on the structure of "human settlement environment suitability classification - resource and environmental carrying capacity restrictive classification - socioeconomic development adaptability classification - resource and environmental carrying capacity warning classification". Its results have clear policy guidance significance for the establishment of the dynamic-monitoring and early-warning mechanism for regional resource and environmental carrying capacity. Based on the above methods, this research, taking Tibet Autonomous Region as an example and using 1-km gridded data, quantitatively assessed regional resource and environmental carrying capacity at county level. The results show that there were about 3/4 areas in good condition of resources and environmental carrying status (surplus or balanced state), with more than 4/5 of population; the human settlement environment in Tibet was mainly characterized by unsuitability and critical suitability, while the socioeconomic development level there generally lagged behind. Within this context, we suggest that human settlement environment suitability and socioeconomic development level have greatly restricted the performance and improvement of resource and environmental carrying capacity in Tibet.

Key words: resource and environmental carrying capacity, comprehensive evaluation, tetrahedral model, monitoring and warning, Tibet