发展地理学研究进展与展望

doi:10.11821/dlxb202002002

地理学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (2): 226-239.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202002002

发展地理学研究进展与展望

邓祥征^1,^2,³, 金贵⁴, 何书金¹, 王成新⁵, 李兆华⁶, 王占岐⁷, 宋马林⁸, 杨庆媛⁹, 张安录¹⁰, 陈建成¹¹

^1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101
^2. 中国科学院农业政策研究中心,北京 100101
^3. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049
^4. 华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,武汉 430079
^5. 山东师范大学地理与环境学院,济南 250358
^6. 湖北大学资源环境学院,武汉 430062
^7. 中国地质大学（武汉）公共管理学院,武汉 430074
^8. 安徽财经大学统计与应用数学学院,蚌埠 233030
^9. 西南大学地理科学学院,重庆 400715
^10. 华中农业大学土地管理学院,武汉 430070
^11. 北京林业大学经济与管理学院,北京 100083

收稿日期:2019-06-30 修回日期:2020-01-07 出版日期:2020-02-25 发布日期:2020-04-25
作者简介:邓祥征(1971-), 男, 山东日照人, 研究员, 主要从事资源利用与生态安全、全球变化、发展地理学等相关领域的研究。E-mail:dengxz@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目(71533004)

Research progress and prospect on development geography

DENG Xiangzheng^1,^2,³, JIN Gui⁴, HE Shujin¹, WANG Chengxin⁵, LI Zhaohua⁶, WANG Zhanqi⁷, SONG Malin⁸, YANG Qingyuan⁹, ZHANG Anlu¹⁰, CHEN Jiancheng¹¹

^1. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
^2. Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
^3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
^4. School of Urban and Environmental Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
^5. School of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
^6. Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
^7. School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
^8. School of Statistics and Applied Mathematics, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu 233030, Anhui, China
^9. School of Geographical Sciences, Southwestern University, Chongqing 400715, China
^10. College of Land Management, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
^11. Economy and Management College, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2019-06-30 Revised:2020-01-07 Published:2020-02-25 Online:2020-04-25
Supported by:
Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(71533004)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文回顾和总结了20世纪以来发展地理学的研究进展,涉及发展地理学内涵和理论、领域和方法及其发展趋势。系统梳理了发展地理学在欠发达国家或地区发展收敛、发达地区或国家生活品质提升过程中的收敛及其路径等研究内容。通过分析国外研究进展,指出了发展地理学在中国的发展条件与学科优势,并着眼于国际学术前沿最新动向与国家宏观战略需求,提出了今后中国发展地理学研究需重点关注的领域。未来发展地理学研究应以可持续发展理论为指引,以提升欠发达地区可持续生计能力与区域绿色发展水平为核心,以构建发展地理学理论和跨学科综合集成研究体系为目标,聚焦区域发展的空间格局、扩散特征与收敛研究,探索出服务于区域经济建设与产业发展的调控政策与科学路径。

关键词: 发展地理学, 发展路径, 可持续发展, 区域发展, 环境可持续性

Abstract:

In this paper, we review and sort out research progress on development geography since the 20th century, involving its connotation and theory, fields and methods, and development trends in this paper. Specifically, we systematically reviewed the research and application of development geography in the fields such as in the convergence of underdeveloped countries or regions, the convergence in the process of improving the quality of life in developed countries or regions. Then, in line with the analysis of the research progress on development geography in foreign countries, we indicate the development conditions and disciplinary advantages of development geography in China. Further, we pointed that future development geography research in China should focus more on the latest international academic frontier research and national macro-strategic needs. The future research of development geography should be guided by the theory of sustainable development, with the core of improving the sustainable livelihood capacity and regional green development level in underdeveloped areas, and aiming at constructing industrial policy and development geography theory and interdisciplinary integrated research system, and focusing on research on the spatial pattern, diffusion characteristics and convergence mechanism of regional development, to explore the regulatory policies and scientific paths that serve regional economic construction and industrial development.

Key words: development geography, development paths, sustainable development, growth convergence, regiona development, environmental sustainability

邓祥征, 金贵, 何书金, 王成新, 李兆华, 王占岐, 宋马林, 杨庆媛, 张安录, 陈建成. 发展地理学研究进展与展望[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(2): 226-239.

DENG Xiangzheng, JIN Gui, HE Shujin, WANG Chengxin, LI Zhaohua, WANG Zhanqi, SONG Malin, YANG Qingyuan, ZHANG Anlu, CHEN Jiancheng. Research progress and prospect on development geography[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(2): 226-239.

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目标	主要进展
目标1：消灭极端贫困和饥饿	全球生活在极端贫困中的人数从1990年的19亿下降至2015年的8.36亿;发展中国家极端贫困率从1990年的47%下降到14%。
目标2：普及小学教育	2000—2015年发展中地区的小学净入学率从83%增加到91%;1990-2015年全球15~24岁青年识字率从83%上升至91%。
目标3：促进男女平等和增强妇女权利	到2015年,发展中地区整体而言已经实现消除小学、中学和高等教育中两性差距的具体目标。
目标4：降低儿童死亡率	1990—2015年全球5岁以下儿童死亡率下降超过一半,从每1000名活产婴儿中90人死亡降至43人死亡。
目标5：改善孕产妇保健	1900—2013年每10万活产婴儿孕产妇死亡人数从380人降至210人,孕产妇死亡率下降率45%。
目标6：与艾滋病毒/艾滋病、疟疾和其他疾病作斗争	2000—2013年新感染艾滋病毒的人数下降了约40%,从350万下降至210万。
目标7：确保环境的可持续能力	消耗臭氧层物质几乎被消除;1990—2015年全球获得改进饮用水的人口比例从76%上升到91%;2000—2014年全球发展中国家中生活在贫民窟的人口从39.4%下降到29.7%。
目标8：全球合作促进发展	2000—2014年来自发达国家的官方援助实际值从810亿美元上升至1352亿美元,增长了66%。

指标		用途
定量指标	经济指标：基尼系数、人均国民生产总值(PC GNP)、失业率、能源消耗、第一产业占比	用于衡量国家的社会经济发展程度与均衡性
	社会指标：清洁水资源和卫生设施、成人识字率	用于衡量国家是否满足人们的需求
	人口指标：出生率、死亡率、生育率	用于衡量国家的社会发展水平
	综合指标：国内生产总值(GDP)、物质生活质量指数(PQLI)、人类贫穷指数(HPI)、与性别有关的发展指数(GDI)	综合衡量国家是否改善人们的生活质量和水平
定性指标	包括自由、权利、安全等非物质利益的指标	用于分析不易计算或度量的指标

发展地理学研究进展与展望

Research progress and prospect on development geography

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