地理学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 69 ›› Issue (12): 1799-1809.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201412006
收稿日期:
2014-01-22
修回日期:
2014-06-24
出版日期:
2014-12-25
发布日期:
2014-12-25
作者简介:
作者简介:鲍超 (1978-), 男, 湖北麻城人, 博士, 副研究员, 硕士生导师, 中国地理学会会员 (S110006966M), 主要从事城镇化与城市可持续发展研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Received:
2014-01-22
Revised:
2014-06-24
Published:
2014-12-25
Online:
2014-12-25
Supported by:
摘要:
中国的快速城镇化进程伴随着经济总量与用水总量的持续增长以及严重的城市缺水危机,然而三者之间的定量关系及内在机理尚不完全清楚。本文构建了城镇化驱动经济与用水增长的完全分解模型,定量测度了中国以及31个省级行政区1997-2011年城镇化过程对经济增长与用水变化的驱动效应。结果表明:① 中国城镇化对经济增长的综合贡献率长期稳定在30%左右,经济增长60%以上依赖于生产效率的提高,因此应适当弱化“城镇化是经济增长主要动力”的理念;② 中国城镇化虽然通过拉动经济增长增加用水2352×108 m3,但通过优化产业结构和提高用水经济效率减少用水4530×108 m3,中国用水增长的原因是由于人口和经济规模效应而不是城镇化效应;③ 中国东中部的人口和经济大省且处于城镇化加速阶段的,城镇化拉动经济并造成用水增长的作用大,但减量效应也大,而且均呈逐年增长趋势,最终城镇化对用水的综合驱动以减量效应为主,而且在时空变化上的差异相对缩小;④ 城镇化虽有助于减少全国或较大范围区域的用水总量,但会导致城镇建成区或城市群地区的缺水危机,因此应尽快建立并完善城乡之间 (或城镇化水平较高与较低地区之间) 的水资源流转机制与补偿机制。
鲍超. 中国城镇化与经济增长及用水变化的时空耦合关系[J]. 地理学报, 2014, 69(12): 1799-1809.
Chao BAO. Spatio-temporal coupling relationships among urbanization,economic growth and water use change in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(12): 1799-1809.
年份 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 1997~2011 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔE | 586 | 614 | 732 | 781 | 925 | 1114 | 1233 | 1523 | 1900 | 2391 | 1857 | 1947 | 2411 | 2369 | 20385 |
Peff | 68 | 90 | 137 | 75 | 65 | 68 | 98 | 92 | 126 | 120 | 128 | 134 | 141 | 149 | 1491 |
Ieff | 421 | 434 | 400 | 576 | 692 | 855 | 912 | 1170 | 1398 | 1963 | 1389 | 1448 | 1876 | 1797 | 15330 |
Seff | 97 | 91 | 195 | 131 | 169 | 191 | 223 | 261 | 376 | 308 | 340 | 365 | 394 | 424 | 3564 |
SIeff | 79 | 75 | 131 | 107 | 136 | 156 | 179 | 213 | 296 | 266 | 273 | 291 | 325 | 343 | 2872 |
Ueff | 176 | 166 | 326 | 238 | 305 | 348 | 402 | 474 | 672 | 574 | 613 | 656 | 719 | 768 | 6436 |
ΔI | 421 | 422 | 473 | 555 | 672 | 812 | 875 | 1095 | 1347 | 1713 | 1296 | 1350 | 1680 | 1635 | 14346 |
IIeff | 342 | 349 | 318 | 452 | 540 | 663 | 703 | 896 | 1062 | 1481 | 1041 | 1078 | 1389 | 1322 | 11637 |
ISeff | 79 | 73 | 155 | 103 | 132 | 148 | 172 | 200 | 285 | 232 | 255 | 272 | 291 | 312 | 2709 |
表2
1997-2011年中国分省人口城镇化对经济增长的综合贡献率 (%)
年份 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 1997-2011 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
全国 | 30.0 | 27.0 | 44.6 | 30.4 | 33.0 | 31.2 | 32.6 | 31.1 | 35.4 | 24.0 | 33.0 | 33.7 | 29.8 | 32.4 | 31.6 |
北京 | 2.9 | 13.8 | -19.7 | -14.3 | 9.6 | 10.0 | 7.9 | 12.1 | 18.8 | 6.4 | 9.6 | 8.3 | 8.0 | 9.6 | 7.5 |
天津 | 4.7 | 9.5 | 4.1 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.7 | -0.9 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
河北 | 28.1 | 24.8 | 48.1 | 32.7 | 43.5 | 42.9 | 40.7 | 37.6 | 17.2 | 32.7 | 39.6 | 39.6 | 33.3 | 35.3 | 35.1 |
山西 | 21.3 | 31.9 | 51.3 | 21.8 | 29.0 | 24.1 | 26.6 | 30.1 | 24.0 | 19.7 | 33.6 | 47.8 | 21.4 | 22.4 | 26.1 |
内蒙古 | 29.3 | 17.5 | 32.0 | 22.4 | 12.0 | 12.1 | 10.7 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 11.9 | 12.8 | 13.5 | 15.1 | 15.6 | 13.7 |
辽宁 | 10.5 | -6.8 | 2.4 | 3.7 | 13.0 | 11.7 | 14.4 | 16.0 | 14.0 | 8.2 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 8.6 | 9.7 | 9.8 |
吉林 | 1.9 | -13.6 | -10.5 | -4.3 | 18.6 | 13.4 | 14.7 | 15.5 | 12.4 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 |
黑龙江 | 3.0 | 12.9 | 24.2 | 8.1 | 18.7 | 14.6 | 14.3 | 13.5 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 11.5 |
上海 | 6.6 | -21.3 | 4.1 | 29.1 | 7.7 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 26.8 | 4.7 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 6.3 |
江苏 | 34.2 | 62.4 | 73.3 | 67.7 | 26.2 | 28.5 | 25.2 | 27.2 | 19.8 | 33.4 | 36.7 | 36.0 | 33.8 | 36.4 | 34.8 |
浙江 | 47.7 | 48.0 | 53.7 | 19.1 | 24.4 | 23.5 | 21.6 | 29.7 | 15.0 | 21.6 | 29.1 | 31.4 | 23.7 | 29.2 | 27.0 |
安徽 | 29.3 | 35.1 | 37.9 | 12.4 | 59.7 | 54.8 | 52.3 | 14.5 | 36.5 | 28.8 | 31.7 | 31.1 | 27.9 | 29.8 | 32.6 |
福建 | 33.7 | 36.7 | 29.1 | 27.3 | 24.8 | 24.4 | 22.9 | 25.5 | 45.1 | 24.1 | 27.0 | 27.7 | 24.4 | 26.4 | 27.9 |
江西 | 17.4 | 14.8 | 53.3 | 44.0 | 36.1 | 36.0 | 33.5 | 36.4 | 4.9 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 3.3 | 19.6 | 21.8 | 19.4 |
山东 | 9.5 | 22.2 | 18.0 | 16.8 | 19.2 | 24.3 | 28.9 | 30.6 | 27.3 | 25.8 | 29.3 | 28.4 | 27.6 | 30.0 | 26.5 |
河南 | 27.0 | 12.6 | 22.5 | 19.7 | 35.5 | 32.6 | 27.9 | 27.1 | 30.2 | 25.2 | 29.7 | 32.5 | 28.9 | 30.2 | 28.5 |
湖北 | 30.7 | 28.6 | 28.0 | 38.7 | 35.2 | 44.4 | 35.0 | 33.8 | 28.3 | 26.2 | 27.6 | 26.8 | 24.2 | 25.1 | 28.7 |
湖南 | 36.5 | 33.3 | 38.2 | 20.2 | 55.6 | 44.9 | 46.8 | 44.7 | 7.1 | 27.4 | 29.3 | 29.6 | 28.0 | 31.2 | 31.4 |
广东 | 29.6 | 26.1 | 11.9 | 10.4 | 19.2 | 15.1 | 16.5 | 16.6 | 19.9 | 23.2 | 29.4 | 28.9 | 21.6 | 24.1 | 21.6 |
广西 | 30.7 | 26.8 | 19.5 | 38.3 | 28.6 | 27.0 | 20.9 | 43.7 | 42.9 | 46.7 | 36.5 | 34.0 | 31.3 | 35.0 | 35.0 |
海南 | 44.0 | 23.1 | 23.7 | 27.0 | 15.8 | 13.1 | 10.0 | 8.3 | 45.4 | 13.6 | 19.4 | 16.4 | 12.5 | 16.2 | 18.5 |
重庆 | 32.5 | 26.4 | 67.6 | 53.2 | 32.8 | 31.4 | 31.1 | 28.8 | 56.4 | 30.0 | 31.8 | 30.5 | 26.7 | 27.2 | 32.7 |
四川 | 19.7 | 32.6 | 35.1 | 25.9 | 35.8 | 39.6 | 34.6 | 42.8 | 35.5 | 27.9 | 35.3 | 28.0 | 27.0 | 27.1 | 31.1 |
贵州 | 2.7 | 5.0 | 14.4 | 14.5 | 19.4 | 25.2 | 19.2 | 24.2 | -2.5 | 12.1 | 15.7 | 15.7 | 14.3 | 12.6 | 13.8 |
云南 | 37.6 | 49.9 | 67.8 | 37.3 | 38.9 | 35.3 | 40.4 | 38.1 | 25.4 | 29.7 | 33.4 | 29.8 | 29.5 | 27.0 | 33.2 |
西藏 | 61.2 | 66.9 | 68.1 | 73.5 | 54.2 | 48.2 | 38.3 | 32.5 | 29.3 | 28.0 | 22.0 | 45.0 | 45.3 | 44.0 | 42.5 |
陕西 | 39.1 | 29.5 | 55.4 | 30.6 | 33.6 | 34.3 | 20.7 | 25.9 | 10.9 | 20.2 | 19.6 | 23.0 | 21.6 | 22.4 | 23.6 |
甘肃 | 19.8 | 17.2 | 38.3 | 26.9 | 28.2 | 46.3 | 27.0 | 27.2 | 37.3 | 19.5 | 27.6 | 27.1 | 24.1 | 22.9 | 27.2 |
青海 | 19.0 | -9.6 | -17.9 | 55.7 | 21.7 | 17.9 | 13.6 | 22.7 | 36.9 | 17.8 | 17.8 | 23.0 | 15.8 | 17.7 | 19.7 |
宁夏 | 18.4 | 8.5 | -13.9 | 2.1 | 35.1 | 32.3 | 33.7 | 32.8 | 14.7 | 18.5 | 18.6 | 19.5 | 17.4 | 19.1 | 19.5 |
新疆 | -9.9 | 6.0 | -12.3 | -9.8 | 19.6 | 19.4 | 25.5 | 19.1 | 19.2 | 18.7 | 20.6 | 26.8 | 21.2 | 19.0 | 17.2 |
表3
1997-2011年中国人口—经济城镇化对用水变化的驱动效应分解
年份 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 1997-2011 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔW | -131 | 155 | -93 | 70 | -70 | -256 | 225 | 75 | 162 | 11 | 77 | 72 | 40 | 93 | 429 |
EPeff | 415 | 405 | 449 | 441 | 482 | 514 | 515 | 590 | 672 | 758 | 530 | 514 | 585 | 529 | 7399 |
EIeff | -391 | -77 | -325 | -174 | -330 | -514 | -166 | -312 | -251 | -392 | -306 | -263 | -326 | -255 | -4081 |
ESeff | -155 | -173 | -217 | -198 | -221 | -256 | -124 | -204 | -260 | -355 | -147 | -179 | -219 | -181 | -2888 |
ESIeff | -111 | -53 | -130 | -93 | -133 | -171 | -71 | -123 | -127 | -186 | -99 | -106 | -131 | -106 | -1641 |
EUeff | -266 | -226 | -348 | -290 | -354 | -427 | -195 | -327 | -387 | -541 | -246 | -285 | -350 | -287 | -4530 |
QEPeff | 125 | 109 | 200 | 134 | 159 | 160 | 168 | 184 | 238 | 182 | 175 | 173 | 175 | 171 | 2352 |
ΔWU | -141 | -117 | -147 | -156 | -195 | -267 | -27 | -143 | -150 | -359 | -72 | -112 | -176 | -115 | -2177 |
ΔEI | -70.3 | -29.8 | -60.0 | -37.9 | -51.8 | -66.0 | -22.6 | -36.3 | -32.0 | -41.3 | -22.4 | -20.0 | -22.5 | -16.4 | -529.2 |
EIIeff | -50.3 | -9.2 | -36.0 | -17.7 | -31.0 | -44.1 | -12.9 | -21.9 | -15.7 | -21.7 | -15.1 | -11.9 | -13.4 | -9.6 | -310.6 |
EISeff | -20.0 | -20.6 | -24.0 | -20.2 | -20.8 | -22.0 | -9.7 | -14.3 | -16.3 | -19.6 | -7.3 | -8.1 | -9.0 | -6.8 | -218.7 |
表4
1997-2011年中国分省人口—经济城镇化对用水变化的综合驱动效应 (108 m3)
年份 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 1997~2011 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
全国 | -141 | -117 | -147 | -156 | -195 | -267 | -27 | -143 | -150 | -359 | -72 | -112 | -176 | -115 | -2177 |
北京 | -2.2 | -1.6 | -3.5 | -3.0 | -2.3 | -2.4 | -2.8 | -2.2 | -1.9 | -2.3 | -1.5 | -1.0 | -2.2 | -1.1 | -29.9 |
天津 | -0.5 | -2.8 | -1.5 | -1.1 | -0.9 | -1.4 | -1.4 | -1.7 | -2.3 | -2.4 | -2.7 | -2.2 | -2.6 | -2.0 | -25.5 |
河北 | -5.3 | -8.2 | -3.0 | -3.3 | -2.4 | -4.5 | -4.9 | -5.4 | -13.0 | -11.4 | -5.2 | -6.8 | -10.3 | -7.3 | -91.0 |
山西 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 8.7 | -2.1 | 3.2 | -2.2 | -2.9 | -5.0 | -1.5 | -5.9 | -1.9 | 0.6 | 1.6 | -8.1 | -10.0 |
内蒙古 | 2.7 | 6.3 | -5.0 | -8.7 | -12.6 | -20.9 | -12.5 | -24.1 | -20.3 | -22.1 | -16.5 | -18.0 | -13.6 | -11.8 | -177.3 |
辽宁 | 9.9 | -5.3 | -13.7 | -3.1 | -1.0 | -4.1 | -4.3 | -3.9 | -6.1 | -12.3 | -8.3 | -11.4 | -9.7 | -6.6 | -79.9 |
吉林 | 6.7 | -7.4 | 29.7 | -6.7 | -1.2 | -3.9 | -2.8 | -0.6 | -6.8 | -12.4 | -5.4 | -5.4 | -5.9 | -6.6 | -28.5 |
黑龙江 | 4.7 | -12.4 | -21.2 | -2.0 | -1.9 | -16.8 | 5.6 | -4.4 | -6.4 | -18.5 | -8.8 | -11.4 | -17.2 | -11.5 | -122.3 |
上海 | -2.2 | -5.1 | -1.6 | 1.3 | -0.9 | -2.2 | -4.4 | -5.9 | 0.0 | -3.1 | -1.9 | -1.8 | -4.3 | -2.2 | -34.2 |
江苏 | -24.8 | 7.6 | 8.3 | 9.1 | -17.5 | -39.0 | -37.3 | -26.3 | -21.6 | -20.4 | -12.1 | -12.4 | -13.6 | -11.4 | -211.2 |
浙江 | -3.8 | -2.9 | -1.3 | -6.3 | -8.0 | -13.2 | -11.3 | -9.9 | -12.7 | -12.2 | -4.7 | -5.7 | -7.7 | -3.8 | -103.7 |
安徽 | -8.1 | 4.8 | -8.9 | -51.0 | 2.1 | -9.8 | 3.4 | -12.3 | -9.2 | -11.2 | -18.7 | 2.9 | -13.0 | -12.3 | -141.3 |
福建 | -11.5 | -1.0 | -7.0 | -5.0 | -6.0 | -8.2 | -6.6 | -6.0 | -5.6 | -8.0 | -5.8 | -5.0 | -9.1 | -5.0 | -89.9 |
江西 | -20.2 | -0.4 | 5.8 | -3.0 | -6.2 | -11.4 | -5.8 | -2.8 | -10.6 | -112.2 | -16.5 | -17.1 | -15.8 | 16.2 | -199.9 |
山东 | -11.6 | -9.6 | -14.8 | -9.9 | -17.3 | -16.2 | -11.1 | -14.1 | -7.0 | -17.4 | -9.4 | -11.3 | -12.0 | -9.3 | -171.0 |
河南 | 0.0 | -0.1 | -8.1 | -9.4 | -5.7 | -21.4 | 5.1 | -5.4 | -66.2 | -14.8 | -1.3 | -4.8 | -9.5 | -8.1 | -149.6 |
湖北 | -16.3 | -17.0 | -7.4 | -4.5 | -10.4 | 2.2 | -0.7 | -4.3 | -7.1 | -10.3 | -4.7 | -7.2 | -11.1 | -9.2 | -107.9 |
湖南 | -14.6 | -6.6 | -6.9 | -11.1 | -9.1 | -4.1 | 2.3 | -2.5 | -20.7 | -18.7 | -12.6 | -12.8 | -15.5 | -11.4 | -144.3 |
广东 | -11.4 | -10.1 | -29.7 | -18.2 | -18.3 | -32.3 | -25.4 | -24.2 | -24.5 | -25.0 | -11.2 | -6.1 | -16.5 | -11.3 | -264.0 |
广西 | -3.8 | 3.1 | 1.5 | -6.9 | -2.6 | -14.0 | -9.8 | 1.7 | -6.0 | -9.6 | -9.6 | -12.6 | -14.6 | -9.6 | -92.8 |
海南 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 0.5 | -0.2 | -0.9 | -2.2 | 0.6 | -2.9 | -0.5 | -1.6 | -3.6 | -2.0 | -5.6 |
重庆 | -0.3 | -0.8 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.0 | -0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.3 | -0.4 | 4.6 |
四川 | -6.0 | -0.8 | -4.2 | -8.1 | -3.4 | -2.5 | -3.6 | -2.1 | -8.4 | -10.9 | -6.7 | -4.9 | -10.0 | -11.0 | -82.7 |
贵州 | -3.4 | -2.9 | -3.0 | -3.1 | -2.9 | -1.6 | -2.6 | -2.5 | -6.1 | -6.8 | -1.8 | -3.9 | -4.4 | -9.1 | -54.0 |
云南 | 5.5 | 0.4 | 4.0 | -1.5 | -2.5 | -1.6 | -3.2 | -0.3 | -4.2 | -4.7 | -0.3 | -5.7 | -7.6 | -5.8 | -27.6 |
西藏 | -0.9 | -0.4 | 1.3 | -0.4 | 2.5 | -2.1 | -8.3 | -3.9 | -1.1 | -1.7 | -1.2 | -2.8 | -15.1 | -2.5 | -36.5 |
陕西 | 1.5 | -3.4 | -0.3 | -3.3 | -2.2 | -2.3 | -0.7 | -1.9 | -3.4 | -6.6 | -4.3 | -5.1 | -5.2 | -3.7 | -40.8 |
甘肃 | -3.3 | -7.5 | -4.4 | -0.2 | -0.1 | -1.6 | -1.1 | -3.0 | -11.7 | -7.4 | -1.4 | -4.5 | -5.3 | -5.7 | -57.2 |
青海 | -1.2 | -1.6 | -2.3 | -0.3 | -1.7 | -0.8 | -1.7 | -1.3 | -0.8 | -2.2 | -0.6 | -1.3 | -1.5 | -1.9 | -19.2 |
宁夏 | 3.7 | -4.8 | -15.4 | -4.7 | -2.2 | -8.1 | -12.2 | -1.1 | -5.3 | -5.1 | -3.0 | -3.3 | -4.1 | -4.2 | -69.9 |
新疆 | -3.7 | -56.9 | -29.0 | -32.7 | -15.9 | -9.5 | -24.7 | -19.8 | -24.2 | -23.4 | -20.0 | -14.2 | -31.0 | -26.4 | -331.4 |
[1] | Bao Chao, Fang Chuanglin.Temporal and spatial variations of water resources constraint intensity on urbanization in arid area. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2008, 63(11): 1140-1150. |
[鲍超, 方创琳. 干旱区水资源对城市化约束强度的时空变化分析. 地理学报, 2008, 63(11): 1140-1150.] | |
[2] | Liu Yaobin, Li Rendong, Song Xuefeng.Grey associative analysis of regional urbanization and eco-environment coupling in China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2005, 60(2): 237-247. |
[刘耀彬, 李仁东, 宋学锋. 中国区域城市化与生态环境耦合的关联分析. 地理学报, 2005, 60(2): 237-247.] | |
[3] | Bertinelli L, Black D.Urbanization and growth. Journal of Urban Economics, 2004, 56(1): 80-96. |
[4] | Fitzhugh, T W, Richter, B D.Quenching urban thirst: Growing cities and their impacts on freshwater ecosystems. Bioscience, 2004, 54: 741-754. |
[5] | Jenerette G D, Larsen L.A global perspective on changing sustainable urban water supplies. Global and Planetary Change, 2006, 50(3-4): 202-211. |
[6] | Brown L R.How water scarcity will shape the new century. Water Science and Technology, 2001, 43(4): 17-22. |
[7] | Lin Xueqin, Wang Dai, Ren Wangbing et al. Research on the mechanism of urbanization to economic increase in China. Geographical Research, 2013, 32(4): 691-700. |
[蔺雪芹, 王岱, 任旺兵等. 中国城镇化对经济发展的作用机制. 地理研究, 2013, 32(4): 691-700.] | |
[8] | Chen Anping, Partridge M D.When are cities engines of growth in China? Spread and backwash effects across the urban hierarchy. Regional Studies, 2013, 47(8): 1313-1331. |
[9] | Merrett S.Introduction to the Economics of Water Resources: An International Perspective. UCL Press, 1997. |
[10] | Gao Yunfu.Urbanization and evolvement of water system. Urban Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying, 1998, (3): 5-8. |
[高云福. 城市化发展与水系统的演变. 城市勘测, 1998, (3): 5-8.] | |
[11] | Jia Shaofeng, Zhang Shifeng, Yang Hong et al. Relation of industrial water use and economic development: Water use Kuznets Curve. Journal of Natural Resources, 2004, 19(3): 279-284. |
[贾绍风, 张士锋, 杨红等. 工业用水与经济发展的关系: 用水库兹涅茨曲线. 自然资源学报, 2004, 19(3): 279-284.] | |
[12] | Zhou Yixin. Urban Geography.Shanghai: The Commercial Press, 1995. |
[周一星. 城市地理学. 上海: 商务印书馆, 1995.] | |
[13] | Song Jianjun, Zhang Qingjie, Liu Yingqiu.Analysis and suggestions on water resources security in 2020 in China. China Water Resources, 2004, (9): 14-17. |
[宋建军, 张庆杰, 刘颖秋. 2020年我国水资源保障程度分析及对策建议. 中国水利, 2004, (9): 14-17.] | |
[14] | Bao Chao, Fang Chuanglin.Study on the quantitative relationship between urbanization and water resources utilization in the Hexi Corridor. Journal of Natural Resources, 2006, 21(2): 301-310. |
[鲍超, 方创琳. 河西走廊城市化与水资源利用关系的量化研究. 自然资源学报, 2006, 21(2): 301-310.] | |
[15] | Bao Chao, Fang Chuanglin.Interaction mechanism and control modes on urbanization and water resources exploitation and utilization. Urban Studies, 2010, 17(12): 19-23. |
[鲍超, 方创琳. 城市化与水资源开发利用的互动机理及调控模式. 城市发展研究, 2010, 17(12): 19-23.] | |
[16] | Bao Chao.Driving effects of water use change in oasis citiesbased on the urbanization perspective. Arid Land Geography, 2012, 35(6): 988-995. |
[鲍超. 基于城镇化视角的绿洲城市用水变化驱动效应分析. 干旱区地理, 2012, 35(6): 988-995.] | |
[17] | Zhang Qiang, Wang Bende, Cao Mingliang.Analysis of water resource utilization change based on factor decomposition model. Journal of Natural Resources, 2011, 26(7): 1209-1216. |
[张强, 王本德, 曹明亮. 基于因素分解模型的水资源利用变动分析. 自然资源学报, 2011, 26(7): 1209-1216.] | |
[18] | Ang B W, Zhang F Q.A survey of index decomposition analysis in energy and environmental studies. Energy, 2000, 25(12): 1149-1176. |
[19] | Sun, J W.Changes in energy consumption and energy intensity: A complete decomposition model. Energy Economics, 1998, 20(1): 85-100. |
[20] | Liu Jianxin, Wang Qing, Sun Peng et al. Decomposition effect on China's annual ecological footprints variation from 1990 to 2004. Journal of Natural Resources, 2008, 23(1): 61-68. |
[刘建兴, 王青, 孙鹏等. 中国1990-2004年生态足迹动态变化效应的分解分析. 自然资源学报, 2008, 23(1): 61-68.] | |
[21] | Sun Caizhi, Wang Yan.Decomposition of driving effects for industrial water utilization change and spatial temporal difference in Liaoning Province. Geographical Research, 2010, 29(2): 244-252. |
[孙才志, 王妍. 辽宁省产业用水变化驱动效应分解与时空分异. 地理研究, 2010, 29(2): 244-252.] | |
[22] | Fang Chuanglinet al. Report on China's Urbanization and the Guarantee of Resources and Eco-environment. Beijing: Science Press, 2009. |
[方创琳等. 中国城市化进程及资源环境保障报告. 北京: 科学出版社, 2009.] | |
[23] | Zhou Yixing, Yu Haibo.Suggestions on reconstructing the urbanization levels in China based on the fifth population census. Statistical Research, 2002, (4): 44-47. |
[周一星, 于海波. 以“五普”数据为基础对我国城镇化水平修补的建议. 统计研究, 2002, (4): 44-47.] | |
[24] | Shen Jianfa.Analysis of the trends of urbanization levels in Chinese provinces since 1982. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2005, 60(4): 607-614. |
[沈建法. 1982年以来中国省级区域城市化水平趋势. 地理学报, 2005, 60(4): 607-614.] | |
[25] | Bao Chao, Fang Chuanglin.Water resources flows related to urbanization in China: Challenges and perspectives for water management and urban development. Water Resources Management, 2012, 26(2): 531-552. |
[1] | 孙平军, 王柯文. 中国东北三省城市收缩的识别及其类型划分[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(6): 1366-1379. |
[2] | 魏石梅, 潘竟虎. 中国地级及以上城市网络结构韧性测度[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(6): 1394-1407. |
[3] | 杨忍, 潘瑜鑫. 中国县域乡村脆弱性空间特征与形成机制及对策[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(6): 1438-1454. |
[4] | 殷江滨, 李尚谦, 姜磊, 程哲, 黄晓燕, 路改改. 中国连片特困地区非农就业增长的时空特征与驱动因素[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(6): 1471-1488. |
[5] | 胡畔, 陈波, 史培军. 中国暴雨洪涝灾情时空格局及影响因素[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(5): 1148-1162. |
[6] | 盛科荣, 张杰, 张红霞. 上市公司500强企业网络嵌入对中国城市经济增长的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(4): 818-834. |
[7] | 黄晓东, 马海涛, 苗长虹. 基于创新企业的中国城市网络联系特征[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(4): 835-852. |
[8] | 王录仓, 刘海洋, 刘清. 基于腾讯迁徙大数据的中国城市网络研究[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(4): 853-869. |
[9] | 夏兴生, 潘耀忠, 朱秀芳, 张锦水. 中国综合农业分区下的Ångström-Prescott公式系数逐月校正与优选[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(4): 888-902. |
[10] | 王淑佳, 孙九霞. 中国传统村落可持续发展评价体系构建与实证[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(4): 921-938. |
[11] | 王少剑, 崔子恬, 林靖杰, 谢金燕, 苏坤. 珠三角地区城镇化与生态韧性的耦合协调研究[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(4): 973-991. |
[12] | 范泽孟. 中国生态过渡带分布的空间识别及情景模拟[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(3): 626-644. |
[13] | 徐羽, 李秀彬, 辛良杰. 中国耕地规模化流转租金的分异特征及其影响因素[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(3): 753-763. |
[14] | 古恒宇, 沈体雁. 中国高学历人才的空间演化特征及驱动因素[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(2): 326-340. |
[15] | 马海涛, 孙湛. 中亚五国综合城镇化水平测度及其动力因素[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(2): 367-382. |