煤矸石山不同植被恢复模式对土壤养分的影响——以山西省河东矿区1号煤矸石山为例

doi:10.11821/xb201303008

地理学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 68 ›› Issue (3): 372-379.doi: 10.11821/xb201303008

煤矸石山不同植被恢复模式对土壤养分的影响——以山西省河东矿区1号煤矸石山为例

王尚义, 石瑛, 牛俊杰, 樊兰英

太原师范学院, 太原 030012

收稿日期:2012-11-12 修回日期:2013-12-18 出版日期:2013-03-20 发布日期:2013-03-20
作者简介:王尚义(1955-), 男, 教授, 博士生导师, 中国地理学会会员(S110003134M), 主要研究方向: 环境变迁.E-mail: wsy326@263.net
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41071335)

Influence of vegetation restoration models on soil nutrient of coal gangue pile: A case study of No.1 Coal Gangue Pile in Hedong, Shanxi

WANG Shangyi, SHI Ying, NIU Junjie, FAN Lanying

Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030012, China

Received:2012-11-12 Revised:2013-12-18 Online:2013-03-20 Published:2013-03-20
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41071335

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对2009-2011 年山西省河东矿区不同植被恢复模式下土壤养分进行了检测分析,并对其环境影响因子进行了研究.结果显示：(1) 随着矸石山植被恢复年限的增加,煤矸石山地温显著降低,植物多样性增加,盖度和生物量不同程度提高.(2) 经过3 年植被恢复的矸石山土壤速效磷和速效钾的改良效果达到全国土壤普查3 级水平;恢复土壤碱解氮和有机质含量为11.94 mg·kg^-1和7.69 g·kg^-1,改良效果不显著.紫穗槐模式对土壤速效磷的改良效果较好;紫穗槐—高羊茅—紫花苜蓿模式有利于碱解氮的积累;高羊茅—紫花苜蓿模式对速效钾和有机质的改良效果最佳.(3) 矸石山坡度和地温与土壤养分呈显著负相关;紫花苜蓿盖度与碱解氮、速效钾和有机质含量呈显著正相关;植被平均生物量和高羊茅盖度的提高有助于土壤养分的改良效果.煤矸石山植被恢复宜采取以草开路,在生态环境条件有所改善基础上,走草、灌、乔相结合的构建模式.

关键词: 煤矸石山, 土壤养分, 植被恢复, RDA

Abstract: The soil nutrients and influencing factors of vegetation restoration in Hedong coal gangue pile were studied from 2009 to 2011. The results showed that species diversity, vegetation coverage and biomass in coal gangue pile increased with the time of vegetation restoration while ground temperature decreased significantly. Contents of available phosphorus and available potassium in soil reached the third level according to the national soil gradation, and contents of alkali-hydro nitrogen and organic matter were 11.94 mg kg^-1 and 7.69 g kg^-1, respectively. Model of Amorpha fruticosa helped to improve the content of available phosphorus while the content of alkali-hydro nitrogen was the most under Model of Amorpha fruticosa, Festuca elata and Medicago sativa and the improvement of available potassium and organic matters under Model of Festuca elata and Medicago sativa was the best. Slope degree and surface temperature had significantly negative correlation with soil nutrient; the average biomass and Festuca elata coverage influenced significantly the soil nutrient; Medicago sativa coverage had significantly positive correlation with alkali-hydro nitrogen, available potassium and organic matters. Combination model of herb, shrub and tree were used when the eco-environment condition improved after herb was planted in the early stage of vegetation restoration of coal gangue pile.

Key words: coal gangue, soil nutrient, vegetation restoration, RDA

王尚义, 石瑛, 牛俊杰, 樊兰英. 煤矸石山不同植被恢复模式对土壤养分的影响——以山西省河东矿区1号煤矸石山为例[J]. 地理学报, 2013, 68(3): 372-379.

WANG Shangyi, SHI Ying, NIU Junjie, FAN Lanying. Influence of vegetation restoration models on soil nutrient of coal gangue pile: A case study of No.1 Coal Gangue Pile in Hedong, Shanxi[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2013, 68(3): 372-379.

参考文献

[1] Hu Zhenqi, Li Pengbo, Zhang Guangcan. Coal Waste Rock Hill Reclamation, Beijing: China Coal Industry Press, 2006.[胡振琪, 李鹏波, 张光灿. 煤矸石山复垦. 北京: 煤炭工业出版社, 2006.]

[2] Gao L, Miao Z W, Bai Z K et a1. A case of ecological restoration at the Xiaoyi Bauxite Mine Shanxi Province, China.Ecological Engineering, 1998, 11: 221-229.

[3] Daniel L M, Peter D S, Jeffrey S B. Soil Microbiological properties 20 years after surface mine reclamation: Spatialanalysis of reclaimed and undisturbed sites. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2002, 34: 1717-1725.

[4] Mafia J, Fernandez S, Giuseppe C et al. Chemical and mineralogical changes in apolygenetic soil of Galicia, NW Spain.Catena, 2001, 43: 251-265.

[5] Shrestha R K, Lal R. Ecosystem carbon budgeting and soil carbon sequestration in reclaimed mine soil. EnvironmentInternational, 2006, 32: 781-796.

[6] Bai Zhongke. Study on Land Reclamation and Eco-reconstruction. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and TechnologyPress, 2000: 5-20. [白中科. 土地复垦与生态重建. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社, 2000: 5-20.]

[7] Xi Jiabin, Xu Haojuan, Yang Zhongyi. The current conditions and governing strategy of vegetation restoration inabandoned mine area. Grassland and Turf, 2001, (2): 11-14. [席嘉宾, 徐昊娟, 杨中艺. 矿业废弃地复垦的现状与治理对策. 草原与草坪, 2001, (2): 11-14.]

[8] Zhang Guangcan, Liu Xia, Wang Yan. Vegetation growth and soil hydrology effect of ecological reconstruction on the gangue in coal mine. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2003, 16(5): 20-23. [张光灿, 刘霞, 王燕. 煤矿区生态重建过程中风化矸石山植被生长及土壤水文效应. 水土保持学报, 2003, 16(5): 20-23.]

[9] Gould A B. Relationship of mycorrhizae activity to lime following reclamation of surface mine lands in west Kentucky.Canadian Journal of Botany, 1996, 74: 247-261.

[10] Augusto L, Ranger J, Binkley D et al. Impact of several common tree species of European temperate forests on soilfertility. Annals of Forest Science, 2002, 59(3): 233-253.

[11] Yu Junbao, Wang Jinda, Liu Jingshuang et al. The space-time variation of the nutritional elements content in coveringsoil of coal mine reclamation area. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2002, 39(5): 750-753. [于君宝, 王金达, 刘景双等. 矿山复垦土壤营养元素时空变化研究. 土壤学报, 2002, 39(5): 750- 753.]

[12] Wang Liyan. Characters of coal gangue and vegetation restoration in coal waste piles in Yangquan city, ShanxiProvince [D]. Taigu: Shanxi Agriculture University, 2011. [王丽艳. 山西阳泉煤矸石特性和煤矸石山植被恢复[D]. 太谷: 山西农业大学, 2011.]

[13] Fan Wenhua. Succession and effect of reclaimed soil quality in large-scaled opencast mine in loess area [D]. Taigu:Shanxi Agriculture University, 2011. [樊文华. 黄土区大型露天煤矿复垦土壤质量的演变及其评价研究[D]. 太谷: 山西农业大学, 2011.]

[14] Office of the National Soil Survey. Provisional Technical Regulations of the Second National Soil Survey. Beijing:China Agriculture Press, 1979. [全国土壤普查办公室, 全国第二次土壤普查暂行技术规程. 北京: 农业出版社, 1979.]

[15] Guo Xiaoyu, Zhang Jintun, Gong Huili et al. Species abundance patterns of artificial vegetation in Antaibao openmine. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2007, 43(3): 118-121. [郭逍宇, 张金屯, 宫辉力等. 安太堡露天矿区人工植被的物种多度分布分析. 林业科学, 2007, 43(3): 118-121.]

[16] Zhang Xinbao, An Zhisheng, Chen Yude. Revegetation and lithological composition semiarid regions. ActaGeographica Sinica, 1998, 65(Suppl.): 134-140. [张信宝, 安芷生, 陈玉德. 半干旱区植被恢复与岩土性质. 地理学报,1998, 65 (增刊): 134-140.]

[17] Moffat A J, Mcneill J D. Reclaiming Disturbed Land for Forestry. London: HMSO, 1994: 112.

[18] Sun Haiyun, Li Xinju, Hu Zhenqi et al. Variance of reclamation soil quality in Majiata opencast mine region.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2008, 24(12): 205-209. [孙海运, 李新举, 胡振琪等.马家塔露天矿区复垦土壤质量变化. 农业工程学报, 2008, 24(12): 205-209.]

[19] Zhou Lianbi. Investigation and practice on mining land rehabilitation and ecological reconstruction in China.Nonferrous Metals, 2007, 59(2): 90-94. [周连碧. 我国矿区土地复垦与生态重建的研究与实践. 有色金属, 2007, 59(2): 90-94.]

[20] Barral M T, Arias M, Guerif J. Effects of iron and organic matter on the porosity and structural stability of soilaggregates. Soil and Tillage Research, 1998, 46: 162- 172.

[21] Bai Zhongke Hu Zhenhua Wang Zhiguo. Artificial accelerated erosion and classification of the dump in surface mine.Journal of Soil Erosion and Soil and Water Conservation, 1998, 4(1): 34-40. [白中科, 胡振华, 王治国. 露天矿排土场人为加速侵蚀及分类研究. 土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报, 1998, 4(1): 34-40.]

[22] Darmody R G. Coal mine subsidence: The effect of mitigation on crop yields//Proceedings of Science Workshop dueto Underground Mining. Kentucky, 22-25, June, 1993: 182-187.

[23] Wang Zhengzhou. Application on the production of plant community succession. Bulletin of Biology, 1990, 6(3): 5-7.[王正周. 植物群落演替规律在生产上的应用. 生物学通报, 1990, 6(3): 5- 7.]

[24] Lu Xiaonan, Lu Yunfu, Wang Renchao. Preliminary studies on the integrated evaluation of soil nutrient fertility.Journal of Zhejiang University: Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1999, 25(4): 378-383. [吕晓男, 陆允甫, 王人潮. 土壤肥力综合评价初步研究. 浙江大学学报, 1999, 25(4): 378-383.]

[25] Jongman R H G. Terbraak C J F, Vantongeren O F R. Data Analysis in Community and Landscape Ecology.Cambridge University Press, 1995: 91-173.

[26] Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China. GB15618-1995. Soil EnvironmentalStandards. [国家环境保护局. GB15618-1995, 土壤环境质量标准.]

煤矸石山不同植被恢复模式对土壤养分的影响——以山西省河东矿区1号煤矸石山为例

Influence of vegetation restoration models on soil nutrient of coal gangue pile: A case study of No.1 Coal Gangue Pile in Hedong, Shanxi

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 9

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	高海东, 庞国伟, 李占斌, 程圣东. 黄土高原植被恢复潜力研究[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(5): 863-874.
[2]	廖谌婳, 封志明, 李鹏, 张景华. 老挝北部刀耕火种农业变化及植被恢复效应[J]. 地理学报, 2015, 70(4): 591-603.
[3]	罗格平, 许文强, 陈曦. 天山北坡绿洲不同土地利用对土壤特性的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2005, 60(5): 779-790.
[4]	孔祥斌,张凤荣,齐伟,徐艳. 集约化农区土地利用变化对土壤养分的影响——以河北省曲周县为例[J]. 地理学报, 2003, 58(3): 333-342.
[5]	郭旭东, 傅伯杰, 陈利顶, 马克明, 李俊然. 低山丘陵区土地利用方式对土壤质量的影响——以河北省遵化市为例[J]. 地理学报, 2001, 56(4): 447-455.
[6]	郭旭东, 傅伯杰, 陈利顶, 马克明, 李俊然. 河北省遵化平原土壤养分的时空变异特征——变异函数与Kriging插值分析[J]. 地理学报, 2000, 55(5): 555-566.
[7]	傅伯杰, 陈利顶, 马克明. 黄土丘陵区小流域土地利用变化对生态环境的影响——以延安市羊圈沟流域为例[J]. 地理学报, 1999, 54(3): 241-246.
[8]	张信宝, 安芷生, 陈玉德. 半干旱区植被恢复与岩土性质[J]. 地理学报, 1998, 53(s1): 134-140.
[9]	陈同斌, 陈世庆, 徐鸿涛, 黄诗铿, 陈炎. 中国农用化肥氮磷钾需求比例的研究[J]. 地理学报, 1998, 53(1): 32-41.