中国入境旅游流网络结构特征及动因研究

doi:10.11821/xb201008012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

从旅游流的内在联系特性入手,分析了入境旅游流网络分析的可行性和必要性,采用基本特征描述、密度分析及EI 指数检验、中心性、凝聚子群、核心—边缘分析等分析方法对中国入境旅游流网络展开研究,然后运用QAP分析模型对旅游者流动矩阵和各省市旅游供给要素差值矩阵进行相关和回归分析。结果显示：① 中国入境旅游流规模上呈现东部强,西部、东北次强,中部弱的态势,整体结构比较松散而且不均衡,空间结构上出现一定的集群现象;② 东部一些省市不仅中心度指数高,结构优势明显,占据网络的核心位置,而且内部联系紧密,另外西部个别省份的网络重要性有所增强,旅游发展的不均衡态势有所改善;③ 自然资源因素、经济发展水平、对外联系度、空间距离是制约入境旅游者流动的因素,而国际旅行社数、飞机起降架次为代表的高档次旅游服务水平、及是否同一地区是影响旅游者选择旅游地的重要因素。文章旨在为探讨入境旅游流空间特征和机制提供一种新的分析思路, 力求能从宏观上把握中国入境旅游流特征,进而为入境旅游的均衡发展和各省市旅游政策的制定等宏观决策提供理论层面的参照。

关键词: 入境旅游, 旅游流网络, 社会网络分析, QAP分析, 中国

Abstract:

Tourist flows could be taken as inherent relations among destinations. It is necessary and feasible to analyze the inbound tourist flows from the view of network, and that would be more theoretical and practical significance to tourist flow study. This paper not only defines the notion of tourist flows network in theory, discusses its significance, but constructs an assessment model of tourist flows network, and uses characterization, density, E-I indictor, centralization, cohesive subgroup and core-periphery, which are from the Social Network Analysis, into the analysis of Chinese inbound tourist flow network as well. Then this paper tries to find out the dynamical factors on tourist flows among provinces by using QAP regression and correlation, which are stemmed from SNA too and better than OLS analysis to some extent in matrix analysis. It is concluded that the inbound tourist flow scale presents a decreasing trend from the Eastern, the Western, the Northeast, to the Midland of China. The whole network is loosely organized and unbalanced. Some eastern provinces not only possess higher centralization and structural dominance, but also closely connect with each other. Furthermore some western provinces have become more important in network, and the regional imbalance of inbound tourist flow network has been narrowing. The natural tourism resource, provincial economic position, foreign relation and spatial distance are major constraints to inbound tourist flows, and the numbers of international travel agencies and flights which are representatives of high quality service and top grade, whether they are in the same region or not, contribute to the tourist flow. By doing all of these, this paper aims at offering a new method for inbound tourist flow research and assisting the formulation of tourism policies at national and provincial levels.

Key words: Chinese inbound tourism, tourist flow network, social network analysis, QAP analysis

刘法建, 张捷, 陈冬冬. 中国入境旅游流网络结构特征及动因研究[J]. 地理学报, 2010, 65(8): 1013-1024.

LIU Fajian, ZHANG Jie, CHEN Dongdong. The Characteristics and Dynamical Factors of Chinese Inbound Tourist Flow Network[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(8): 1013-1024.

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