地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (12): 1624-1632.doi: 10.11821/xb201012017

• 旅游地理 • 上一篇    

短期旅游流时间分布对区域旅游空间结构的响应——以云南省黄金周旅游客流为例

刘泽华1, 李海涛2, 史春云3, 汪侠1, 张洪1   

  1. 1. 南京大学国土资源与旅游学系，南京210093;
    2. 阿尔贝塔大学再生资源系，加拿大爱德蒙顿T6G2H1;
    3. 徐师范大学城市环境学院，徐州221116
  • 收稿日期:2010-01-19 修回日期:2010-07-21 出版日期:2010-12-20 发布日期:2010-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 李海涛, E-mail: haitao2@ualberta.ca
  • 作者简介:刘泽华(1979-), 男, 山东苍山人, 博士, 讲师, 中国地理学会会员(S110006536M), 主要研究方向为旅游地理学、旅游统计学, E-mail: Liuzehua_tourism@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(41001070; 40371030)

The Response of Short Term Tourist Flows to Spatial Structure of Regional Tourism: A Case Study of Tourist Flows of Yunnan in Golden Weeks

LIU Zehua1, Haitao LI2, SHI Chunyun3, WANG Xia1, ZHANG Hong1   

  1. 1. Department of Land Resources and Tourism Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
    2. Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G2H1, Canada;
    3. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2010-01-19 Revised:2010-07-21 Online:2010-12-20 Published:2010-12-20
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41001070; No.40371030

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摘要： 区域旅游空间结构和旅游地客流时间分布特征历来是旅游地理学的重要研究领域，但国内外学者对两者间的内在关系关注较少。中国黄金周旅游流是典型的高强度的短期旅游流。选择云南省的昆明、大理、丽江、西双版纳4 座重点旅游城市的7 处代表性景区为案例，建立黄金周客流周内分布偏度指数G，并使用相关分析及Person 相关系数，发现存在景区短期旅游流时间分布对区域旅游空间结构的响应现象，其机制为：在假日制度时间约束下，距离旅游集散中心的时间距离成为影响各城市及其代表性景区黄金周客流时间分布的重要影响因素，时间距离越大，则黄金周客流峰值出现时刻越迟，G值越高；而部分景区同时受不同尺度区域旅游空间结构的影响，出现客流时间分布对区域旅游空间结构的多重响应现象。

关键词: 短期旅游流, 时间分布, 旅游空间结构, 黄金周, 响应, 云南

Abstract: Spatial structure of regional tourism and temporal distribution of tourist flow are important for tourism, but few international or domestic researchers have examined the correlation of these two factors. The tourist flows are a typically intense short-term flow in Golden Weeks in China. We sampled 7 typical scenic spots from Kunming, Dali, Lijiang and Xishuangbanna (the four key tourism cities of Yunnan): Stone Forest, Kunming Expo Garden (KEG), Three Pagodas, Mt. Yulong, Tai Garden, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG) and National Forest Park. Yunnan Provincial Holiday Tourism Information Center issued daily reports for tourist flows of major tourist areas during Golden Week of "Labor Day" and "National Day". These data sets are used for this research. Except for KEG, the temporal distribution of tourist flow has no significant variation between different Golden Weeks at the same spot for the other six spots, which are tested by skewness index G, correlation analysis, and Person coefficient. Temporal distribution is a one-peak curve. There is an obvious difference between the timing for the peak of tourist flow and G index in one Golden Week. The peak occurs in the early Golden Week at Stone Forest, and it has the lowest G value at this place. The peak value appears in the middle of Golden Week at Three Pagodas, Tai Garden and XTBG, and a slightly higher G value is observed at these places respectively. The peak values at Mt. Yulong and National Forest are in the late Golden Week, but the highest G value is found at these two places. Results show that temporal distribution for short term tourist flows significantly corresponds to spatial structures of regional tourism. G value and the timing for the peak of tourist flow in Golden Weeks for these spots significantly correspond to spatial structure of tourism in Yunnan. The response mechanism follows these rules: the geographical location of regional tourism resources affects tourists choosing their destination places and the number of tourists; the spatial structure of transportation is the major factor that guides tourist flows. Limited by the holiday schedule, temporal distance from the tourist transport center to each destination is the major reason affecting temporal distribution of tourist flow. The longer the temporal distance is, the later the peak of tourist flow appears and the higher the G value is. And, temporal distribution may have multiple responses to spatial structures of regional tourism with different spatial scales in certain spots.

Key words: short term tourist flows, temporal distribution, tourism spatial structure, Golden Week, response, Yunnan