西南地区冬季气候异常的时空变化特征及其影响因子

doi:10.11821/xb201011002

地理学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (11): 1325-1335.doi: 10.11821/xb201011002

西南地区冬季气候异常的时空变化特征及其影响因子

蒋兴文^1,2, 李跃清¹

1. 中国气象局成都高原气象研究所，成都610072;
2. 兰州大学大气科学学院，兰州730000

收稿日期:2010-06-15 修回日期:2010-08-06 出版日期:2010-11-20 发布日期:2010-11-20
作者简介:蒋兴文(1983-), 男, 贵州兴义人, 研究实习员, 主要从事青藏高原天气、气候的研究
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(40875060; 60832012); 中国气象局成都高原气象研究所基本科研业务费专项经费项目(BROP201017)

The Spatio-temporal Variation of Winter Climate Anomalies in Southwestern China and the Possible Influencing Factors

JIANG Xingwen^1,2, LI Yueqing¹

1. Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Chengdu 610072, China;

2. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2010-06-15 Revised:2010-08-06 Online:2010-11-20 Published:2010-11-20
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40875060; No.60832012; Basic Research and Operation Program of Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, No.BROP201017]

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用1961-2010 年的多种观测资料，对西南地区冬季气候异常的时空演变特征及其影响因子进行了分析。结果表明：西南地区冬季气温变化主要存在全区一致和东、西部反位相两种模态，这两种模态均存在显著的年代际变化。全区温度的一致变化与东亚冬季风的异常有关，东、西反位相的变化与西太平洋副热带高压和冷空气的异常活动有关。冬季降水异常主要表现为全区一致的变化特征。北半球环状模(NAM，AO) 和ENSO对西南地区气温没有显著的影响。当NAM偏强(弱) 时，西南地区降水偏多(少)。El Niño 年，西南地区降水一致偏多；La Niña 年，西南地区中部降水偏多，东、西部降水偏少。2010 年冬季西南地区的干旱更有可能是由NAM异常引起的，而不是El Niño。

关键词: 冬季风, 北半球环状模(NAM, AO), 西南地区, 2010 年冬季, 干旱

Abstract:

The impacts of winter extreme climate events in recent years on socio-economy indicated that the importance of winter climate anomalies is the same as its summer counterpart in southwestern China (SWC). The spatio-temporal variations and its possible causes of climate anomalies in SWC were investigated by utilizing observation data from 1961 to 2010. The results indicate that surface air temperature anomalies in SWC have two dominant modes, one is homogenous, the other is dipole in latitudinal direction. The former was caused by the anomalies of East Asian winter monsoon, the latter arose from the anomalies of both subtropical west Pacific high and regional cold air in lower troposphere. The most dominant mode of precipitation anomalies in SWC is homogenous and it has a high correlation with northern hemisphere annular mode (NAM, AO). NAM and ENSO did not have significant impacts on the variation of surface air temperature in SWC. The anomalies of NAM would lead to the anomalies of tropical circulations. When NAM is in positive (negative) phase, the winter precipitation is more (less) than normal in SWC. Precipitation in the whole SWC increased during El Niño winter, but increased in central SWC, and decreased in west and east of SWC during La Niña winter. The severe drought in SWC in the winter of 2010 is more likely caused by anomalies of NAM instead of El Niño.

Key words: southwestern China, the winter of 2010, drought, winter monsoon, northern hemisphere annular mode (NAM, AO)

蒋兴文, 李跃清. 西南地区冬季气候异常的时空变化特征及其影响因子[J]. 地理学报, 2010, 65(11): 1325-1335.

JIANG Xingwen, LI Yueqing. The Spatio-temporal Variation of Winter Climate Anomalies in Southwestern China and the Possible Influencing Factors[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(11): 1325-1335.

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西南地区冬季气候异常的时空变化特征及其影响因子

The Spatio-temporal Variation of Winter Climate Anomalies in Southwestern China and the Possible Influencing Factors

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