近现代中国女性人才的地理分布和区域分异

doi:10.11821/xb200702010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国人文地理学研究中有关女性地理的研究基本缺失, 而以往人才地理学研究中对女性人才的忽视, 以及女性主义地理学研究中女性人才研究的薄弱, 都使女性人才地理研究有了自己的空间。利用人才数量、类型和籍贯三个指标对活动于1840~1949 年期间的中国著名女性人物资料进行了统计和分析, 在此基础上, 对近现代中国女性人才的数量和地位、分布领域和特点以及地理分布格局进行了论述, 并对影响其数量、类型和区域分异的因素进行了探讨。研究发现: 与同一时期的男性人才相比较, 近现代女性人才数量仍然偏少, 但相对于过去, 其数量却有所增加, 影响领域也更扩大; 近现代女性人才集中分布于中国东部和东南沿海地区以及中部地区的少数几个省份, 西北地区较少; 湖南、广东、浙江、江苏四省女性人才尤为突出, 其中, 湘粤两省在社会政治领域影响较大, 江浙两省在科学、教育和文化领域占有较大优势。近现代女性人才数量的增加和影响领域的扩大受近现代中国政治改良运动和政治革命的影响, 而其区域分异特点则充分体现了中国近现代政治革命和妇女解放运动的地区差异。

关键词: 女性人才, 人才类型, 地理分布, 近现代中国, 妇女解放

Abstract:

Feminist geography' study is still in a marginal situation in human geography in China, female talents have been ignored in talented personal geography and they haven't also been paid enough attention in feminist geography, all of which indicate that there is a space in the study of female talented personal geography. Based on the statistical data of female talents' quantity, types, active period and birth places, this article discusses their status, structure, geographical distribution and regional differentiation in modern and contemporary China and tries to make an explanation. The research finds out that women in modern and contemporary China have much more chances to participate in social and political affairs than their women forebears so that the quantity and types of female talents both rise in this period. Although female talents have increased much in modern and contemporary China, the number of which is still far less than male talents. Provinces from southern and eastern China such as Guangdong, Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces concentrate a lot of female talents; Hunan Province, which lies in Central China also concentrates a great deal of female talents; few female talents are distributed in northwestern China. Female talents in Hunan and Guangdong provinces are famous for their activities in the political and public field, while talents in Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces contribute more to science, education and culture. Female talents' structure and regional differentiation are both influenced by political revolutions and women's liberation movements happened in modern and contemporary China, which diversified in different regions during that period.

Key words: female talent, types of talent, geographical distribution, women’s liberation movement, modern and contemporary China

任泉香, 朱竑, 李鹏. 近现代中国女性人才的地理分布和区域分异[J]. 地理学报, 2007, 62(2): 211-220.

REN Quanxiang, ZHU Hong, LI Peng. Geographical Distribution and Regional Differentiation of Female Talents in Modern and Contemporary China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2007, 62(2): 211-220.

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