流域土地利用/覆被变化对 洪河保护区湿地景观的影响

doi:10.11821/xb200711010

地理学报 ›› 2007, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (11): 1215-1222.doi: 10.11821/xb200711010

流域土地利用/覆被变化对洪河保护区湿地景观的影响

刘红玉¹, 李兆富²

1. 江苏省环境演变与生态建设重点实验室, 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 南京210097;
2. 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 南京210095

收稿日期:2007-02-05 修回日期:2007-05-17 出版日期:2007-11-25 发布日期:2007-11-25
作者简介:刘红玉(1963-), 女, 博士, 教授, 博导。主要从事湿地景观生态研究。E-mail: liuhongyu@njnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(40471003)

Effects of Land Use/Cover Change on Wetland Landscape of Honghe Nature Reserve

LIU Hongyu¹, LI Zhaofu²

1. Key Lab of Environment Change and Ecology Construction, Jiangsu Province, College of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China;
2. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

Received:2007-02-05 Revised:2007-05-17 Online:2007-11-25 Published:2007-11-25
Supported by:
Foundation: National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40471003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

从流域尺度, 应用遥感和GIS 技术对1954 年以来6 个时段土地利用/ 覆被变化进行分析, 并采用景观生态学方法对洪河保护区及其所在浓江河流域湿地景观多样性和景观连通度进行计算, 系统研究了流域土地利用变化对保护区湿地景观的影响。结果显示: ① 浓江河流域大规模土地利用发生在20 世纪80 年代之后, 年均耕地面积增长速度为101 km²/a； ② 土地利用/ 覆被变化直接导致流域湿地景观多样性降低, 同时也间接影响了洪河保护区湿地景观多样性； ③ 流域土地利用变化带来的景观连通度降低严重割断了景观之间原有的物质交换和功能维持关系, 是导致保护区湿地景观结构和功能改变的主要因素之一； ④ 恢复保护区周围一定面积的湿地, 维持良好的景观连通度是实现保护区自然保护效益的方法之一。

关键词: 洪河, 土地利用, 保护区, 湿地景观

Abstract:

Analysis of land use/cover change in six periods from 1954 to 2005 was conducted with the aid of remote sensing and GIS techniques on the watershed scale. The landscape diversity of wetlands within Honghe Nature Reserve and the surrounding area in the watershed was calculated by using landscape diversity index to reflect landscape diversities and their changes in historical periods. At the same time, the landscape connectivity of the Honghe Nature Reserve with the surrounding area of the watershed was calculated to study the effects of landscape isolation on landscape diversity of the wetlands. Results show that the large-scale land reclamation started in the 1980s resulted in an annual increase of 101 km² of agricultural land. The direct land use/cover change brought about the decline of wetland landscape diversity in watershed, and also impacted the diversity of wetlands in Honghe Nature Reserve. Decline of landscape connectivity between wetlands within the nature reserve and the surrounding area of the watershed due to land use changes has seriously segmented the original relationship between the nature reserve and its surrounding area, which directly resulted in the decline of wetland landscape diversity within the Honghe Nature Reserve. At present, the decline of landscape diversity of the wetlands in the Honghe Nature Reserve has serious negative effects on wetland structure and its ecological function. So it is necessary not only to conserve the wetlands in the nature reserve, but also to protect the wetlands in the surrounding area. We should restore certain area of the marsh wetlands to keep a high diversity of the landscape and landscape structure of the wetlands within the nature reserve, as well as to restore certain area of the wetlands in the surrounding area of the nature reserve for maintaining a high landscape connectivity in the watershed so that good conservation benefits of the nature reserve in the Sanjiang Plain can be achieved.

Key words: Honghe River, land use, nature reserve, wetland landscape

刘红玉, 李兆富. 流域土地利用/覆被变化对洪河保护区湿地景观的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2007, 62(11): 1215-1222.

LIU Hongyu, LI Zhaofu. Effects of Land Use/Cover Change on Wetland Landscape of Honghe Nature Reserve[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2007, 62(11): 1215-1222.

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流域土地利用/覆被变化对洪河保护区湿地景观的影响

Effects of Land Use/Cover Change on Wetland Landscape of Honghe Nature Reserve

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流域土地利用/覆被变化对 洪河保护区湿地景观的影响

Effects of Land Use/Cover Change on Wetland Landscape of Honghe Nature Reserve

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流域土地利用/覆被变化对洪河保护区湿地景观的影响