长沙城市土地扩张特征及影响因素

doi:10.11821/xb200611006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以不同时期长沙市城区土地利用现状图为基础,通过对城市用地结构比例、扩张强度指数、人口弹性指数、经济弹性指数、紧凑度变化指数等指标的具体研究,从时间序列、空间形态、结构演变等方面对长沙市城市土地扩张特征进行了系统分析,并结合区域社会经济发展情况从自然地理环境、人口与经济发展、交通设施建设、规划与区域发展战略引导、体制与制度创新等方面探讨了城市土地扩张的作用机制。研究表明：从1949年到2004年,长沙市城市土地扩张速度和强度逐步上升,整体上呈现出非理性向理性发展的趋势,扩张形态也经历了一个由单一的外部空间扩展向外部空间扩展与内部填充相结合转变,由以圈层状、轴线状为主的连续扩展形态向以斑块状与组团状为主的非连续扩展形态转变的过程,总体而言,长沙市城市土地扩张是一个具有阶段性、多样性和复杂性的过程。无论是哪个阶段,城市土地的扩张均受到多重力量的影响,某一时期的城市土地扩张是多重速度、多重模式以及多重形态的有机叠合体,由于力与力之间的均衡与偏向性差异而导致了不同时期城市土地扩张主导特征的凸现,最后在各阶段性合力的共同作用下,形成了现有城市土地边界和形态。

关键词: 长沙, 城市土地扩张, 影响因素, 动力机制

Abstract:

Based on the analysis about actual land-use map of Changsha City in different times, this article analyzed the characteristic of urban spatial expansion of Changsha from time sequence, spatial form and structure evolution systemically by studying indexes such as city land-use structure proportion, expansion intensity index, economy flexibility index, population flexibility index, compaction degree changing index and so on. And then it discussed the dynamic mechanism of urban land expansion by integrating the regional socioeconomic development situation and many aspects such as physiographical environment, population growth and economic development, traffic infrastructure, planning and regional development strategies and system innovation. The research indicated that the urban land expansion speed and intensity got higher step by step in Changsha from 1949 to 2004, the whole trend became more and more reasonable, and the expansion form changed from a single external expansion to a combination form of external and internal expansion, from a circular or linear continuous form to a speckled or clustered discontinuous pattern. Overall, the urban land expansion of Changsha is a phasic, diversified and complex process. And no matter what the stage is, it is an organic system containing multiple speed, pattern and shape, which are driven by multiply impetuses. The dominant features in different stages presented clearly because of balance and fluctuation between different forces, and the existing urban land border and shape were formed finally under the joint efforts of these phasic forces.

Key words: Changsha, urban land expansion, influencing factors, dynamic mechanism

周国华,贺艳华. 长沙城市土地扩张特征及影响因素[J]. 地理学报, 2006, 61(11): 1171-1180.

ZHOU Guohua, HE Yanhua. Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Urban Land Expansion in Changsha[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2006, 61(11): 1171-1180.

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