天山北坡绿洲不同土地利用对土壤特性的影响

doi:10.11821/xb200505009

地理学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (5): 779-790.doi: 10.11821/xb200505009

天山北坡绿洲不同土地利用对土壤特性的影响

罗格平, 许文强, 陈曦

中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2005-05-07 修回日期:2005-07-18 出版日期:2005-09-25 发布日期:2005-09-25
作者简介:罗格平 (1968-), 男, 博士, 研究员。主要从事土地利用/土地覆被变化、地理信息系统和遥感应用研究。E-mail: luogp@ms.xjb.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目 (40471134); 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX3-SW-326-03); 西部之光联合东部学者项目(罗格平, 2004)

Effect of Different Land-use Systems on Soil Properties in the Alluvial Plain-oasis in the Arid Land

LUO Geping, XU Wenqiang, CHEN Xi

Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, CAS, Urumqi 830011, China

Received:2005-05-07 Revised:2005-07-18 Online:2005-09-25 Published:2005-09-25
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40471134; Knowledge Innovation Project of CAS, No.KZCX3-SW-326-03; the Project of "Western Light" Related to Eastern Scholar (Luo Geping, 2004)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以天山北坡三工河流域冲积平原型绿洲作为研究区,选择12种土地利用系统作为土地利用方式的具体体现,通过采集不同土地利用系统上层土壤 (0~20 cm) 和下层土壤 (20~40 cm) 样方,分析不同土地利用系统对主要土壤特性的影响。研究结果表明：(1) 土地利用系统对砂、粉砂和粘土粒度分布的影响显著。绿洲土壤砂含量随着土地种植年限增加有降低的趋势,而粉砂和粘土含量有增加的趋势;(2) 绿洲土地利用系统对土壤pH值和养分变异的影响显著。人类强干扰的土地利用系统的土壤养分普遍高于人类影响较弱的土地利用系统,上层土壤养分普遍高于下层土壤,而且随着人类干扰时间的延长土壤养分呈整体增加趋势;(3) 人类活动强干扰的土地利用系统土壤盐分含量低于人类活动影响较弱的土地利用系统;人类活动作用时间长的土地利用系统土壤盐分含量总体低于人类活动作用时间短的土地利用系统;(4) 绿洲土壤总体表现为"碳汇"的趋势,土壤质量逐步得到提高,其最主要的原因在于合理的土地利用与科学的管理方式结合;绿洲土壤的"碳汇"积极响应了减轻温室气体排放的东京协定。

关键词: 绿洲, 土地利用, 土壤粒度, 土壤有机质,土壤养分, 三工河

Abstract:

Taking the alluvial plain oasis as a study case, we have investigated and evaluated the oasis soil properties related to different land-use systems during the process of the transformation of arid desert to oasis. The land-use systems selected consist of an annual crop field with a tillage history of less than 3 years, annual crop field of 3-6 years, annual crop field of more than 6 years, perennial crop field of less than 4 years, perennial crop field of 4-6 years, perennial crop field of more than 6 years, abandoned farmland of more than 3 years, woodland of more than 6 years, ecological forested land, natural shrubbery land, desert steppe and saline or alkaline field. We deliberately collected 5 soil samples in the different areas for each land-use system at the topsoil (0-20 cm) and subsoil (20-40 cm). The soil samples were sent to soil laboratory. We have employed SPSS statistical software to analyze the soil property data. The results show that: (1) The soils are mainly composed of sand and silt. Different land use systems significantly affect the sand, silt and clay distributions. Sand tends to decrease with increasing years of land cultivation and silt and clay trend to increase in the oasis soil. (2) Soil pH and nutrients significantly differ with the land-use systems. Soils of strong human-disturbed land-use systems presented a higher fertility level than those of other weak human-disturbed land-use systems. Oasis soil nutrients tend to increase with the increasing years of human disturbance. (3) The effect of land-use systems on soil salinity is significant. The soils of strong human-disturbed land-use systems have a lower salinity than those of weak human-disturbed land-use systems as a whole. The soil salinity usually tends to decrease with the decreasing years of reasonable human disturbance.

Key words: oasis, land-use, grain size, soil organic matter, soil nutrients, Sangong river

罗格平, 许文强, 陈曦. 天山北坡绿洲不同土地利用对土壤特性的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2005, 60(5): 779-790.

LUO Geping, XU Wenqiang, CHEN Xi. Effect of Different Land-use Systems on Soil Properties in the Alluvial Plain-oasis in the Arid Land[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2005, 60(5): 779-790.

参考文献

[1] Turner B L, Skole D, Sanderson S et al．Land-use and land-cover change: science/research plan. IGBP Report 35/HDP Report 7. Stockholm and Geneva, 1995. 12-120.

[2] Wang Hongjie, Li Xianwen, Shi Xuezheng et al. Distribution of soil nutrient under different land use and relationship between soil nutrient and soil granule composition. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2003, 17(2): 44-50.
[王洪杰, 李宪文, 史学正等. 不同土地利用方式下土壤养分的分布及其与土壤颗粒组成关系. 水土保持学报, 2003, 17(2): 44-50.]

[3] IGBP Terrestrial Carbon Working Group, 1998. The Terrestrial Carbon Cycle: Implications for the Kyoto Protocol. Science, 280:1393-1394.

[4] Bolin B, Sukumar R. Global perspective. In: Watson R T, Nobel I R, Bolin B et al. (eds.), Land Use, Land Use Change, and Forestry. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000. 23-51.

[5] Veldkamp A, Lambin E (eds.). Predicting land-use change. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2001, 85: 1-3.

[6] Risser P. Range condition analysis: past, present and future. In: Lauenroth W, Laycock W (eds.), Secondary Succession and the Evaluation of Rangeland Condition. Boulder Colo: Westview Press, 1989. 143-156.

[7] Wang Genxu, Ma Haiyan, Wang Yibo et al. Impacts of land use change on environment in the middle reaches of the Hehe River. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2003, 25(4): 359-367.
[王根绪, 马海燕, 王一博等. 黑河流域中游土地利用变化的环境影晌. 冰川冻土, 2003, 25(4): 359-367.]

[8] Su Y Z, Zhao H L, Zhang T H et al. Soil properties following cultivation and non-grazing of a semi-arid sandy grassland northern China. Soil & Research, 2004, 75: 27-36.

[9] Heenan D P, Chan K Y, Knight P G, Long-term impact of rotation, tillage and stubble management on the loss of soil organic carbon and nitrogen from a Chromic Luvisol. Soil & Tillage Research, 2004, 76: 59-68.

[10] Lal R. Mechanized tillage systems effects on properties of a tropical Alfisol in watershed cropped to maize. Soil & Tillage Research, 1985, 6: 149-162.

[11] Ross S M. Organic matter in tropical soils: current conditions, concerns and prospects for conservation. Progress in Physical Geography, 1993, 17: 265-305.

[12] Singh S, Singh J S. Water-stable aggregates and associated organic matter in forest, savanna, and cropland soils of a seasonally dry tropical region India. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 1996, 22: 76-82.

[13] Jaiyeoba I A. Changes in soil properties due to continuous cultivation in Nigerian semiarid Savannah. Soil & Tillage Research, 2003, 70: 91-98.

[14] Thuille A, Buchmann N, Schulze E D. Carbon stocks and soil respiration rates during deforestation, grassland use and subsequent Norway spruce afforestation in the southern Alps, Ttaly. Tree Physiology, 2000, 20: 849-857.

[15] Jia Baoquan. Discussion on some theoretical problems of the oasis landscapes. Arid Land Geography, 1996, 19(3): 58-65.
[贾宝全. 绿洲景观若干理论问题的探讨. 干旱区地理, 1996, 19(3): 58-65.]

[16] Luo Geping, Zhou Chenghu, Chen Xi. Process of land use/land cover change in the oasis of arid region. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2003, 58(1): 63-72.
[罗格平, 周成虎, 陈曦. 干旱区绿洲土地利用与覆被变化过程. 地理学报, 2003, 58(1): 63-72.]

[17] Luo Geping, Chen Xi, Zhou Kefa et al. Temporal and spatial variation and the stability of the oasis in the Sangong River Watershed, Xinjiang, China. Science in China (Series D), 2003, 46(1): 62-73.
[罗格平, 陈嘻, 周可法等. 三工河流域绿洲时空变异及其稳定性研究. 中国科学 (D辑), 2002, 32(6): 521-528.]

[18] Fan Zili. Formation and evolution of the oases in Tarim Basin. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1993, 48(5): 421-427.
[樊自立. 塔里木盆地绿洲形成与演变. 地理学报, 1993, 48(5): 421-427.]

[19] Cheng Weiming, Zhou Chenghu, Tang Qicheng. Effect of foothill belt on hydro-process of plain area in the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains. Geographical Research, 2001, 20(4): 439-445.
[程维明, 周成虎, 汤奇成等. 天山北麓前山带对平原区水文过程的影响. 地理研究, 2001, 20(4): 439-445.]

[20] Ma Jinzhu, Li Jijun. Impact of human activities on groundwater and the effect on eco-environment in southern Tarim Basin. Journal of Natural Resources, 2001, 16(2): 134-139.
[马金珠, 李吉均. 塔里木盆地南缘人类活动干扰下地下水的变化及其生态环境效应. 自然资源学报, 2001, 16(2): 134-139.]

[21] Wang Genxu, Cheng Guodong, Xu Zhongmin. The utilization of water resource and its influence on eco-environment in the northwest arid area of China. Journal of Natural Resources, 1999, 14(2): 109-116.
[王根绪, 程国栋, 徐中民. 中国西北干旱区水资源利用及其生态环境问题. 自然资源学报, 1999, 14(2): 109-116.]

[22] Mann L K. Changes in soil carbon storage after cultivation. Soil Science, 1986, 142: 279-288.

天山北坡绿洲不同土地利用对土壤特性的影响

Effect of Different Land-use Systems on Soil Properties in the Alluvial Plain-oasis in the Arid Land

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	杨微石, 戴尔阜, 郑度, 董玉祥, 尹乐, 马良, 王隽雄, 潘理虎, 秦世鹏. 基于多主体模型的典型区域退耕还林工程实施空间模拟[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(9): 1983-1995.
[2]	瞿诗进, 胡守庚, 李全峰. 中国城市建设用地转型阶段及其空间格局[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1539-1553.
[3]	田晶, 郭生练, 刘德地, 陈启会, 王强, 尹家波, 吴旭树, 何绍坤. 气候与土地利用变化对汉江流域径流的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(11): 2307-2318.
[4]	宋小青, 申雅静, 王雄, 李心怡. 耕地利用转型中的生物灾害脆弱性研究[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(11): 2362-2379.
[5]	孙毅中, 杨静, 宋书颖, 朱杰, 戴俊杰. 多层次矢量元胞自动机建模及土地利用变化模拟[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(10): 2164-2179.
[6]	鞠洪润, 左丽君, 张增祥, 赵晓丽, 汪潇, 温庆可, 刘芳, 徐进勇, 刘斌, 易玲, 胡顺光, 孙菲菲, 汤占中. 中国土地利用空间格局刻画方法研究[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(1): 143-159.
[7]	路路, 戴尔阜, 程千钉, 邬真真. 基于水环境化学及稳定同位素联合示踪的土地利用类型对地下水体氮素归趋影响[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(9): 1878-1889.
[8]	苏伟忠,汝静静,杨桂山. 流域尺度土地利用调蓄视角的雨洪管理探析[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(5): 948-961.
[9]	赵鹏军,吕迪. 中国小城镇镇区土地利用结构特征[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(5): 1011-1024.
[10]	宋小青,李心怡. 区域耕地利用功能转型的理论解释与实证[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(5): 992-1010.
[11]	朱文博, 张静静, 崔耀平, 郑辉, 朱连奇. 基于土地利用变化情景的生态系统碳储量评估——以太行山淇河流域为例[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(3): 446-459.
[12]	马恩朴, 蔡建明, 林静, 韩燕, 廖柳文, 韩炜. 远程耦合视角下的土地利用/覆被变化解释[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(3): 421-431.
[13]	龙花楼, 戈大专, 王介勇. 土地利用转型与乡村转型发展耦合研究进展及展望[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(12): 2546-2559.
[14]	戴尔阜, 马良, 杨微石, 王亚慧, 尹乐, 童苗. 土地系统多主体模型的理论与应用[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(11): 2260-2272.
[15]	王玉明,王瑞康. 城市化时期郊区土地利用结构信息熵上升的原因[J]. 地理学报, 2018, 73(9): 1647-1657.