地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2003, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (4): 527-533.doi: 10.11821/xb200304006

• 水资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄河干流河道水量自然补损分析

李春晖1, 杨志峰1,2   

  1. 1. 北京师范大学水科学研究所 水沙科学教育部重点实验室，北京 100875；
    2. 北京师范大学环境科学研究所 水环境模拟国家重点实验室，北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2002-11-07 修回日期:2003-02-26 出版日期:2003-07-25 发布日期:2003-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 杨志峰 zfyang@bnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李春晖 (1976-), 男, 安徽阜阳人, 博士研究生, 主要从事水资源水环境评价研究。Email: chunhuili@263.net
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究规划项目 (G1999043605)

Net Water Natural Loss in the Main Channels of the Yellow River

LI Chunhui1, YANG Zhifeng1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China;
    2. Institute of Environmental Sciences, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China
  • Received:2002-11-07 Revised:2003-02-26 Online:2003-07-25 Published:2003-07-25
  • Supported by:

    National Key Research Program of Basic Science, No.G1999043605

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被引次数

12

摘要：

根据水量平衡原理建立干流区间河道水量平衡关系，得到干流河道水量自然补损计算方程。利用1956~1979年干流区间自产天然径流量与区间河道上下游控制站天然径流量、区间降水量系列之间的线性相关性，延长得到黄河流域1951~1998年龙羊峡以下6个干流区间逐月自产天然径流量，并计算分析各干流区间的干流河道自然补损水量。结果表明：多年平均河口镇－龙门干流区间和三门峡－花园口干流区间河道水量补充大于损失，其余区间干流河道水量为损失大于补充。总体上，龙羊峡以下区间干流河道净自然损失水量多年平均为35.43×108 m3，而且呈增大趋势，20世纪90年代达到最高，平均为44.16×108 m3/年。

关键词: 水量自然补损, 水量平衡, 天然径流量, 相关分析, 黄河

Abstract:

The interactions between river runoff and air water exist in the forms of precipitation and evaporation. These interactions are parts of "four waters" interactions. Only consumed water and changing volumes of reservoirs are recalculated in the natural runoff recalculation and the water natural loss in the river channels have been deducted, so it is important to know the changes of natural runoff controlled by hydrological stations at river sections from quantitative analysis of the net water natural loss in the river channels, especially in the main river channel. First, the water balance equation is set based on the water balance principle to find the relationships between QRN, QC, P and QL in the river channel. Then the net water natural loss in six main river channels of the Yellow River are calculated. At last, the varieties of the net water natural loss in the main channels of the Yellow River are analyzed, and the conclusions are: (1) The water supplement is more than loss in the regions of Hekouzhen-Longmen and Sanmenxia-Huayuankou, while the water supplement is less than loss in the other regions in the river channels of the Yellow River. (2) Since 1960, the net water supplement has got less and less in the regions of Hekouzhen-Longmen and Sanmenxia-Huayuankou, but the net water natural loss is more and more in the other river channels. In all, the net water natural loss in the river main channels is increasing gradually and the value is 44.16×108 m3 in the 1990s. (3) The over-exploitation of groundwater is the essential reason for the increase of net water natural loss in the Yellow River.

Key words: net water natural loss, water balances, the Yellow River, natural runoff, correlation analysis