关键词: 景观生态学, 观光农业, 规划与设计, 农业景观

Abstract: Landscape ecology is a new discipline between geography and ecology. Its theoretical focus-es are spatial heterogeneity and ecological holism. The ultimate aim of planning and design of tourism agricultural landscape is the harmonious relation between human and its environment, that is. the human ecological holism. The study on tourism agriculture deals usually with an ex-tensive area, and the realization of results of its planning and design must depend on a spatial approach. Therefore, landscape ecology could be taken as the theoretical foundation of tourism agricultural planning and design. Landscape ecology belongs to the macro-scale ecological study. It is different from the ecosystem ecology with spatial and temporal scales. To Landscape ecologists, the landscape refers to a cluster of ecosystems with a repeating pattern in a heteroge-neous area. Its spatial scale is significantly larger than that of ecosystem ecology and similar to that of the regional planning practice. The primary scope of landscape ecology are similar to that of the regional planning practice. Although the primary scope of landscape ecology is the land-scape, the discipline also considers other systems with larger or smaller scales. It is a universal means for describing the landscape mosaic that classified landscape spatial units into patch, cor-ridor and matrix, and it facilitates the landscape studies by other disciplines (mathematics, in-formation theory, etc. ). The matrix presents a landscape spatial element with a extensive space, and plays the main role in determining landscape function. The corridor is a linear spatial element of landscape, its function is effects on various landscape ecological processes. The patch is a non-linear spatial element of landscape, and its function presents providing habitat islands for species. This spatial classification facilitates to describe landscape spatial structure, analysis the relation between landscape pattern and process, and the utilization of GIS(Geographical In-formation System).In the planning and design of tourism agriculture, effects of landscape ecol-ogy are follows :1. Landscape ecology provides the planners and designers with a conceptual framework, and with a lot of landscape ecological principals, especially the spatial and temporal scale, hier-archy, and interactions between landscape patterns and processes.2. Landscape ecology provides a set of tools, methods, data and experiences to the planners and designers. For example, factual geometry can be applied to landscape boundaries, the inter-actions between shape and size, etc.The planning and design of tourism agrolandscapes is a comprehensive methodology. Its content includes four interrelated parts, studies on patterns and processes of tourism agroland-scape. a ecological assessment of tourism agrolandscape units, a reasonable arrangement of tourism agrolandscape patterns and managing proposals for a sustainable tourism agrolandscape. These are related to all aspects of theoretical and applied and applied landscape ecology. Finally, Shuanglong National Scenic Region is taken as a case study.

Key words: landscape ecology, tourism agriculture, planning and design, agroland-scape