关键词: 文化地理, 文化要素, 综合文化区划, 文化区

Abstract: In order to regionalize Chinese historical culture. the rules and methods of comprehensive phisical regionalization can be used as reference, but the dominant indications should be changed. In some countries, the dominant indications of cultural regionazation emphasised language and religion.However, religion affected very little to Chinese people, so it is better to use language （dialect） and Fengsu. In the past, the traditional concept of Fengsu was too large and vague:according to the idea of medern science, it can be divided into several parts. At least there are folk conviction, regional social character, folk customs.On the basis of the distribution of each dominant cultural elements, which are dialect and folk songs, Buddism and folk conviction. folk custom （of getting married, death, festivals,settlement）, we could show an integrated cultural regional system in Hunan Province. It consists of 2 cultural regions. R-XZ （ Ⅰ） is in the Xiang and Zi rivers basin R-YL （Ⅱ） is in the Yuan and Li river basin. And R-XZ consists of 3 sub-regions Ⅰ₁ is at the mid-lower reaches of Xiang and Zi river, Ⅰ₂ is at the upper reaches of Xiangjiang, Ⅰ₃ is at the upper reaches of Zijiang. R-YL consists of 2 sub-regions, Ⅱ₁ is at the lower reaches of Yuan and Li rivers. Ⅱ₂ is at their upper reaches.The elements which formed the regional system were both physical and humanic. The physical background expressed primarily topography. Hunan Province is composed of 4 rivers basins, which are Xiang, Zi, Yuan, Li. The later 2 river basins belong to Yun-gui plateau, while the former 2river basins are a part of the south hill of Changjiang. The contact between regions was very difficult, but the inside communication was convenient.Such a physical foundation affected the humanic elements. which chiefly acted as administrative regions and native groups. Region Ⅰhad been differing from region Ⅱ. since Qin Dynasty on highlevel administrative regions. Also the upper-county administrative regions had been differed among the sub-regions. Secondly, the native groups in the 2 regions had been differing since Shang and Zhou Dynasties. The eastern was similar to that in Jiangxi province. while the western was similar to in Guizhou province. Because of the favourable conditions of lower reaches, the northern sub-regions （ Ⅰ₁ and Ⅱ₁ ） developed more quickly than the southern sub-regions. Their native became Han nationality earlier; their educational level was higher; and their cultural patterns were more advanced.

Key words: Cultural geography, Cultural element, Integrated cultural regionazation, Cultural region