科尔沁沙地沙漠化时空演变及其景观格局——以内蒙古自治区奈曼旗为例

doi:10.11821/xb201207005

地理学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (7): 917-928.doi: 10.11821/xb201207005

科尔沁沙地沙漠化时空演变及其景观格局——以内蒙古自治区奈曼旗为例

段翰晨^1,2, 王涛¹, 薛娴¹, 郭坚¹, 文星^1,2

1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州730000;
2. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京100049

收稿日期:2012-03-07 修回日期:2012-03-31 出版日期:2012-07-20 发布日期:2012-10-11
通讯作者: 王涛(1959-), 男, 上海市人, 博士生导师, 研究员, 中国地理学会会员(S110000503M), 主要从事沙漠环境与沙漠化研究。E-mail: wangtao@lzb.ac.cn E-mail:wangtao@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:段翰晨(1984-), 男, 陕西西安人, 博士研究生, 主要从事沙漠化遥感监测与反演。E-mail: duanhanchen09@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(40971162); 国家重点基础研究发展规划(973) 项目(2009CB421308)

Spatial-temporal Evolution of Aeolian Desertification and Landscape Pattern in Horqin Sandy Land: A Case Study of Naiman Banner in Inner Mongolia

DUAN Hanchen^1,2, WANG Tao¹, XUE Xian¹, GUO Jian¹, WEN Xing^1,2

1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2012-03-07 Revised:2012-03-31 Online:2012-07-20 Published:2012-10-11
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40971162; The National Basic Research Program of China, No.2009CB421308

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用1975 年MSS影像, 1992 年、2006 年、2010 年TM影像和1999 年ETM +影像等5 个时期遥感影像为数据源, 提取奈曼旗35 年来沙漠化土地动态变化信息, 并在此基础上, 探讨了区域沙漠化土地景观格局时空演变特征, 旨在为科尔沁地区沙漠化治理和区域生态环境恢复与重建提供参考。结果表明:(1) 35 年来, 奈曼旗沙漠化土地面积总体呈逆转的趋势, 沙漠化总面积减少了123.43 km², 沙漠化土地主要经历了先增加后减少的过程;(2) 景观格局呈波动性变化, 1999 年以前, 景观形状指数和多样性指数增加, 蔓延度和聚集度减小, 破碎化程度加强, 沙漠化程度上升, 沙漠化主导类型为中度和重度沙漠化, 1999 年以后破碎化程度变弱, 沙漠化程度明显下降, 沙漠化主导类型转变为中度和轻度沙漠化;(3) 1975-2010 年间轻度和中度沙漠化土地重心迁移最为明显, 轻度沙漠化土地重心向东北方向偏移了6.35 km, 中度沙漠化土地重心向西南方向偏移了7.24 km。

关键词: 科尔沁沙地, 沙漠化, 景观格局, 奈曼旗

Abstract: Taking Naiman Banner as the typical region, based on remote sensing, geographic information system, landscape ecology and mathematical statistics and other methods, using MSS images in 1975, TM images in 1992, 2006, 2010 and ETM + images in 1999 as data source, we examined dynamic changes the land aeolian desertification of the study area in recent 35 years, and on this basis, we discussed spatial-temporal evolution of landscape pattern of regional land aeolian desertification so as to provide reference for desertification control and eco-environmental restoration in the Horqin Sandy Land. The results show that (1) in the past 35 years, the aeolian desertification area decreased by 123.43 km2 with a reversal trend. Aeolian desertified land mainly experienced a process of increase to decrease; (2) landscape pattern changes in volatility, before 1999, landscape shape index and Shannon's diversity index increased, contagion and aggregation index decreased, and the fragmentation and desertification were intensified, the dominant types were moderate and severe aeolian desertified land. After 1999, the degree of fragmentation abated, and the desertification degree decreased obviously, moderate and light aeolian desertified land took the leading position; (3) the centroids of light and moderate aeolian desertified land moved obviously from 1975 to 2010, that of light aeolian desertified land moved 6.35 km to the northeast, and that of moderate aeolian desertified land moved 7.24 km to the southwest.

Key words: Horqin Sandy Land, aeolian desertification, landscape pattern, Naiman Banner

段翰晨, 王涛, 薛娴, 郭坚, 文星. 科尔沁沙地沙漠化时空演变及其景观格局——以内蒙古自治区奈曼旗为例[J]. 地理学报, 2012, 67(7): 917-928.

DUAN Hanchen, WANG Tao, XUE Xian, GUO Jian, WEN Xing. Spatial-temporal Evolution of Aeolian Desertification and Landscape Pattern in Horqin Sandy Land: A Case Study of Naiman Banner in Inner Mongolia[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2012, 67(7): 917-928.

参考文献

[1] Fu Bojie, Chen Liding, Ma Keming et al. Theory and Application of Landscape Ecology. Beijing: Science Press, 2001:73-106. [傅伯杰, 陈利顶, 马克明等. 景观生态学原理及应用. 北京: 科学出版社, 2001: 73-106.]

[2] Wu Jianguo. Landscape Ecology: Pattern, Process, Scale and Hierarchy. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2000:99-109. [邬建国. 景观生态学: 格局、过程、尺度与等级. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2000: 99-109.]

[3] Yang Guang. Study on dynamic change of landscape pattern and desertification in Yanchi County based on 3S [D].Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2008: 20-25. [杨光. 基于3S的盐池县景观格局及荒漠化动态研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2008: 20-25.]

[4] Wu Bo, Ci Longjun. Temporal and spatial patterns of landscape in the Mu Us Sandland, northern China. ActaEcologica Sinica, 2001, 21(2): 191-196. [吴波, 慈龙骏. 毛乌素沙地景观格局变化研究. 生态学报, 2001, 21(2):191-196.]

[5] Aruhan, Yang Chi. Dynamic changes of landscape pattern during desertification in Duolun County of Inner Mongolia.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 18(11): 2520-2525. [阿如旱, 杨持. 内蒙古多伦县土地沙漠化景观格局变化特征. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(11): 2520-2525.]

[6] Guo Hong, Gong Wenfeng, Dong Jun et al. RS-and-GIS-based analysis of variation of landscape of land desertificationin the lower reaches of Nenjiang River. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2009, 25(3): 99-103. [郭红, 龚文峰, 董隽等. 基于RS 和GIS 的嫩江下游土地沙漠化景观格局变化特征分析. 生态与农村环境学报, 2009, 25(3):99-103.]

[7] Guo Lihong, Sha Zhanjiang, Ma Yanfei et al. The past 20 years of land desertification landscape pattern analysis ofspatial variation of Qinghai Lake area. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2010, 20(3): 119-123. [郭丽红,沙占江, 马燕飞等. 环青海湖区20 年来沙漠化土地景观格局空间变化分析. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2010, 20(3):119-123.]

[8] Chang Xueli, Yu Yunjiang, Cao Yanying et al. Ecological effects of landscape structure on desertification process ofKeerqin sandy land. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(1): 59-64. [常学礼, 于云江, 曹艳英等. 科尔沁沙地景观结构特征对沙漠化过程的生态影响. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(1): 59-64.]

[9] Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Council. Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Desertification Synthesis. WorldResources Institute, Washington, DC, 2005: 1-22.

[10] Wang Tao. Desert and Desertification in China. Shijiazhuang: Hebei Science and Technology Publishing House, 2003:535-549. [王涛. 中国沙漠与沙漠化. 石家庄: 河北科学技术出版社, 2003: 535-549.]

[11] Wang Tao, Zhu Zhenda, Wu Wei. Sandy desertification in the North China. Science in China: Series D, 2002, 45(Suppl.): 23-34.

[12] Li Aiming, Han Zhiwen, Huang Cuihua et al. Remote sensing monitoring on dynamic of sandy desertification degreein Horqin Sandy Land at the beginning of 21st century. Journal of Desert Research, 2007, 27(4): 546-551. [李爱敏, 韩致文, 黄翠华等. 21 世纪初科尔沁沙地沙漠化程度变化动态监测. 中国沙漠, 2007, 27(4): 546-551.]

[13] Liu Xinmin, Zhao Halin, Zhao Aifen et al. Wind-sandy Environment and Vegetation in the Horqin Sandy Land.Beijing: Science Press, 1996: 191-221. [刘新民, 赵哈林, 赵爱芬等. 科尔沁沙地风沙环境与植被. 北京: 科学出版社, 1996: 191-221.]

[14] Yu Yanhua, Wulantuya, Alatengtuya. Changes of landscape structure in Horqin Sandy Land based on conversion ofcropland to forest or grassland: Taking an example of Naiman Banner in Tongliao city. Journal of Inner MongoliaNormal University: Natural Science Edition, 2007, 36(2): 212-216. [于艳华, 乌兰图雅, 阿拉腾图雅. 基于退耕还林还草的科尔沁沙地景观结构变化: 以通辽市奈曼旗为例. 内蒙古师范大学学报: 自然科学汉文版, 2007, 36(2):212-216.]

[15] Bao Huijuan, Guo Jia, Yan Li. Study on ecological footprint of the human activity intensity in Horqin sandy land: Acase of Naiman Banner. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2010, 24(2): 126-131. [包慧娟, 郭佳, 闫丽. 科尔沁沙地基于生态足迹模型的沙漠化成因分析: 以奈曼旗为例. 干旱区资源与环境, 2010, 24(2): 126-131.]

[16] Li Li, Zhang Hua. The evaluation on eco-environmental quality based on grain for green in Naiman Qi. Territory &Natural Resources Study, 2010, (1): 48-49. [李莉, 张华. 基于退耕还林还草背景的奈曼旗生态环境质量评价. 国土与自然资源研究, 2010, (1): 48-49.]

[17] Zhang Ning, Chang Xueli, Sun Xiaoyan et al. Ecological security assessment of Naiman County based ondesertification degree and NDVI index. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2010, 29(6): 1250-1256. [张宁, 常学礼, 孙小艳等. 基于沙漠化程度和NDVI指数的奈曼旗生态安全评价. 生态学杂志, 2010, 29(6): 1250-1256.]

[18] Li Aiming, Han Zhiwen, Xu Jian et al. Transformation dynamics of desertification in Horqin Sandy Land at thebeginning of the 21st century. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2006, 61(9): 976-984. [李爱敏, 韩致文, 许建等. 21 世纪初科尔沁沙地沙漠化土地变化趋势. 地理学报, 2006, 61(9): 976-984.]

[19] Han Zhiwen, Wang Tao, Yan Changzhen et al. Change trends for desertified lands in the Horqin Sandy Land at thebeginning of the twenty-first century. Environ Earth Sciences, 2010, 59(8): 1749-1757.

[20] Wang Tao, Wu Wei, Xue Xian et al. Spatial-temporal changes of sandy desertified land during last 5 decades innorthern China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2004, 59(2): 203-212. [王涛, 吴薇, 薛娴等. 近50 年来中国北方沙漠化土地的时空变化. 地理学报, 2004, 59(2): 203-212.]

[21] Wu Jianguo, Hobbs R. Key issues and research priorities in landscape ecology: An idiosyncratic synthesis. LandscapeEcology, 2002, 17(4): 355-365.

[22] Hu Guangyin, Dong Zhibao, Lu Junfeng et al. Desertification and change of landscape pattern in the source region ofYellow River. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2011, 31(14): 3872-3881. [胡光印, 董治宝, 逯军峰等. 黄河源区沙漠化及其景观格局的变化. 生态学报, 2011, 31(14): 3872-3881.]

[23] Chen Yalin, Chang Xueli, Cui Buli et al. Analysis of land use pattern in typical river basins of Shandong Peninsula.Resources Science, 2006, 28(6): 127-133. [陈雅琳, 常学礼, 崔步礼等. 山东半岛典型流域土地利用格局分析. 资源科学, 2006, 28(6): 127-133.]

[24] Liu Yu, Lv Yihe, Fu Bojie. Implication and limitation of landscape metrics in delineating relationship betweenlandscape pattern and soil erosion. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2011, 31(1): 267-275. [刘宇, 吕一河, 傅伯杰. 景观格局—土壤侵蚀研究中景观指数的意义解释及局限性. 生态学报, 2011, 31(1): 267-275.]

[25] Zhao Ruifeng, Chen Yaning, Li Weihong et al. Land cover change and landscape pattern in the mainstream of theTarim River. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2009, 64(1): 95-106. [赵锐锋, 陈亚宁, 李卫红等. 塔里木河干流区土地覆被变化与景观格局分析. 地理学报, 2009, 64(1): 95-106.]

[26] Gao Zhiqiang, Liu Jiyuan, Zhuang Dafang. The dynamic changes of the gravity center of the farmland area and thequality of the farmland ecological background in China. Journal of Natural Resources, 1998, 13(1): 92-96. [高志强, 刘纪远, 庄大方. 我国耕地面积重心及耕地生态背景质量的动态变化. 自然资源学报, 1998, 13(1): 92-96.]

[27] Song Ruitao, Chen Zhibiao, Chen Zhiqiang et al. Analysis on migration of water and soil loss gravity center in FujianProvince. Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, 2011, 23(10): 160-162. [宋锐涛, 陈志彪, 陈志强等. 福建省水土流失重心迁移分析. 江西农业学报, 2011, 23(10): 160-162.]

[28] Wulantuya. Land reclamation and land-use changes during last 50 years in Ke'erqin deserts, Inner Mongolia. Progressin Geography, 2000, 19(3): 273-278. [乌兰图雅. 科尔沁沙地近50 年的垦殖与土地利用变化. 地理科学进展, 2000, 19(3): 273-278.]

[29] Huang Qian, Zhao Wenzhi, Jiang Leiwen. Analysis of land use/cover change processes in the reclamation area in thelower reaches of the Tarim River. Arid Land Geography, 2006, 29(6): 894-901. [黄钱, 赵智杰, 蒋耒文. 塔里木河下游垦区土地利用/覆盖动态变化过程分析. 干旱区地理, 2006, 29(6): 894-901.]

[30] Zhang Xingyu, Huang Xianjin, Zhao Yuntai et al. Shift route and comparative analysis of land use gravity andeconomy gravity center in recent ten years in Jiangsu Province. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2011, 20(1): 14-20. [张兴榆, 黄贤金, 赵雲泰等. 近10 年江苏省土地利用重心与经济重心迁移轨迹对比分析. 长江流域资源与环境, 2011, 20(1): 14-20.]

[31] Bao Yuhai, Wulantuya, Xiang Bao et al. Studies on the movement of farmland gravity and analysis of its drivingforces in Inner Mongolia, China. Progress in Geography, 1998, 17(4): 47-54. [包玉海, 乌兰图雅, 香宝等. 内蒙古耕地重心移动及其驱动因子分析. 地理科学进展, 1998, 17(4): 47-54.]

[32] Jia Keli, Chang Qingrui. Dynamic changes of land desertification landscape pattern in agriculture and pasturageinter-laced zone of northern Shaanxi. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 18(9): 2045-2049. [贾科利, 常庆瑞.陕北农牧交错带土地沙漠化景观格局动态变化. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(9): 2045-2049.]

[33] Du Zitao, Yang Xiaoming, Yan Shuqiang et al. Study on land degradation monitoring in Naiman County using remotesensing. Transactions of the CSAE, 2012, 28(3): 154-161. [杜子涛, 杨小明, 颜树强等. 奈曼旗土地退化遥感监测研究. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(3): 154-161.]

科尔沁沙地沙漠化时空演变及其景观格局——以内蒙古自治区奈曼旗为例

Spatial-temporal Evolution of Aeolian Desertification and Landscape Pattern in Horqin Sandy Land: A Case Study of Naiman Banner in Inner Mongolia

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	曹祺文,张曦文,马洪坤,吴健生. 景观生态风险研究进展及基于生态系统服务的评价框架: ESRISK[J]. 地理学报, 2018, 73(5): 843-855.
[2]	曹诗颂,胡德勇,赵文吉,陈姗姗,程庆文. 不透水地表盖度视角下中美城市群空间结构对比——以“京津冀”与“波士华”为例[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(6): 1017-1031.
[3]	吴健生,张朴华. 城市景观格局对城市内涝的影响研究——以深圳市为例[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(3): 444-456.
[4]	乔琨,朱文泉,胡德勇,郝明,陈姗姗,曹诗颂. 北京市不同功能区不透水地表时空变化差异[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(11): 2018-2031.
[5]	彭建,党威雄,刘焱序,宗敏丽,胡晓旭. 景观生态风险评价研究进展与展望[J]. 地理学报, 2015, 70(4): 664-677.
[6]	李晶, 周自翔. 延河流域景观格局与生态水文过程分析[J]. 地理学报, 2014, 69(7): 933-944.
[7]	许端阳, 李春蕾, 庄大方, 潘剑君. 气候变化和人类活动在沙漠化过程中相对作用评价综述[J]. 地理学报, 2011, 66(1): 68-76.
[8]	宫兆宁, 张翼然, 宫辉力, 赵文吉. 北京湿地景观格局演变特征与驱动机制分析[J]. 地理学报, 2011, 66(1): 77-88.
[9]	刘小平, 黎夏, 陈逸敏, 秦雁, 李少英, 陈明辉. 景观扩张指数及其在城市扩展分析中的应用[J]. 地理学报, 2009, 64(12): 1430-1438.
[10]	赵锐锋,陈亚宁,李卫红,张丽华,吴世新,黄青. 塔里木河干流区土地覆被变化与景观格局分析[J]. 地理学报, 2009, 64(1): 95-106.
[11]	卜心国,王仰麟,吴健生. 深圳快速城市化中地形对景观垂直格局的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2008, 63(1): 75-82.
[12]	赵清, 郑国强, 黄巧华. 南京城市森林景观格局特征与空间结构优化[J]. 地理学报, 2007, 62(8): 870-878.
[13]	曾永年, 冯兆东. 黄河源区土地沙漠化时空变化遥感分析[J]. 地理学报, 2007, 62(5): 529-536.
[14]	岳德鹏, 王计平, 刘永兵, 李海龙, 谢怀慈, 王冬梅. GIS 与RS 技术支持下的北京西北地区景观格局优化[J]. 地理学报, 2007, 62(11): 1223-1231.
[15]	王乃昂,黄银洲,何彤慧,冯文勇,隆浩,程弘毅. 鄂尔多斯高原古城夯层沙的环境解释[J]. 地理学报, 2006, 61(9): 937-945.