南京城市系统碳循环与碳平衡分析

doi:10.11821/xb201206004

地理学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (6): 758-770.doi: 10.11821/xb201206004

南京城市系统碳循环与碳平衡分析

赵荣钦^1,2, 黄贤金¹, 彭补拙¹

1. 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 南京210093;
2. 华北水利水电学院资源与环境学院, 郑州450011

收稿日期:2011-09-20 修回日期:2012-02-09 出版日期:2012-06-20 发布日期:2012-08-13
通讯作者: 黄贤金(1968-), 男, 江苏扬中人, 教授、博导, 中国地理学会会员(S110004626M), 主要从事土地利用、资源环境经济与政策研究。E-mail: hxj369@nju.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家社科基金重大项目(10ZD&030); 中国清洁发展机制基金赠款子项目(国家可持续发展实验区应对气候变化能力建设研究与示范); 中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2012M511243); 华北水利水电学院高层次人才科研启动项目(201164)

Research on Carbon Cycle and Carbon Balance of Nanjing Urban System

ZHAO Rongqin^1,2, HUANG Xianjin¹, PENG Buzhuo¹

1. School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
2. College of Resources and Environment, North China University of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China

Received:2011-09-20 Revised:2012-02-09 Online:2012-06-20 Published:2012-08-13
Supported by:
National Social Science Foundation of China, No.10ZD&030; China Clean Development Mechanism Fund; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project, No.2012M511243; Startup Project for High-level Talented Person of North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, No.201164

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 城市是人类能源活动和碳排放的集中地,开展城市系统碳循环研究有助于深入了解城市在区域碳循环过程中的地位和作用。本文集成了城市碳储量和碳通量的核算方法,并以南京市为例开展了城市系统碳循环与碳平衡的实证研究。结论如下:① 南京市城市碳储量呈缓慢上升趋势,2009 年为6937 万t,其中自然碳储量占88%,且总量基本保持稳定;人为碳储量(特别是城市绿地和建筑物碳库) 呈大幅增长趋势;② 垂直碳输入通量以植物光合作用和水域碳吸收为主,历年来基本稳定;水平碳输入通量大幅增长,2009 年为3043 万t,其中能源和木材碳输入呈增长趋势,而食物碳输入则呈下降趋势;③ 垂直碳输出通量呈增长趋势,2009年为3295 万t,其中化石能源碳排放占近80%,自然过程仅占6%;水平碳输出通量以能源制品、水产品和含碳废弃物为主,其总量呈明显下降趋势;④ 南京市历年城市碳输出均高于碳输入,且两者的差额呈现扩大趋势。总体而言,“隐流碳和加工需求碳”的比重有所下降,说明碳的利用率有所提升;⑤ 南京市碳补偿率明显下降,这表明自然生态系统的碳吸收能力不足以补偿人为活动的碳排放,城市碳循环压力在不断加大。

关键词: 城市系统, 碳循环, 碳平衡, 碳储量, 碳通量, 南京市

Abstract: Cities are areas where human energy activities and carbon emission concentrated. The study on carbon cycle of urban system is helpful to understand the role of cities in the regional carbon cycle process, and can provide theoretical reference for establishing urban carbon emission estimation standard and low-carbon urban development pattern. Based on the method of IPCC and other researches, systematic urban carbon storage and carbon flux estimation methods was established, carbon cycle of urban system of Nanjing city was studied, and carbon storage, carbon flux and carbon balance of Nanjing city were analyzed. The main conclusions can be drawn as follows. (1) The total carbon storage of Nanjing city presented a slow rising trend. In 2009, the total carbon storage was 6937?10⁴ t, in which natural carbon storage accounted for 88%. Human carbon storage, especially the carbon pool in urban greenbelt and buildings presented a drastically increasing trend. (2) Vertical carbon input flux of Nanjing city mainly included photosynthesis and water carbon absorption. Lateral carbon input flux rapidly increased and reached 3043?10⁴ t, in which carbon input by energy and timber increased and carbon input by food deceased. (3) Vertical carbon output flux rapidly increased and reached 3295?10⁴ t, in which carbon emission by fossil energy use accounted for nearly 80%, but carbon from natural process only accounted for 6%, indicating that human carbon emission constituted the main part of urban vertical carbon flux. Lateral carbon output flux presented a declining trend, which included energy products, aquatic products and organic waste. (4) In the past years, the carbon output was higher than carbon input of Nanjing city, and the balance between them showed an expanding trend. Generally, the percentage of hidden carbon flow and the carbon needed for manufacturing decreased, which indicated that the carbon efficiency was increasing. (5) Carbon compensation rate of Nanjing city obviously decreased, which indicated that the terrestrial carbon sink function of Nanjing city were not enough to compensate the anthropogenic carbon emissions, and the carbon balance of Nanjing city was seriously disturbed, which caused the increase of carbon cycle pressure.

Key words: urban system, carbon cycle, carbon balance, carbon storage, carbon flux, Nanjing city

赵荣钦, 黄贤金, 彭补拙. 南京城市系统碳循环与碳平衡分析[J]. 地理学报, 2012, 67(6): 758-770.

ZHAO Rongqin, HUANG Xianjin, PENG Buzhuo. Research on Carbon Cycle and Carbon Balance of Nanjing Urban System[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2012, 67(6): 758-770.

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南京城市系统碳循环与碳平衡分析

Research on Carbon Cycle and Carbon Balance of Nanjing Urban System

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