地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (3): 420-427.doi: 10.11821/xb201203013

• 土地利用 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于生计转型的中国农村居民点用地整治适宜区域

陈秧分, 刘彦随, 杨忍   

  1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2011-05-31 修回日期:2011-11-08 出版日期:2012-03-20 发布日期:2012-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘彦随(1965-), 男, 陕西绥德人, 研究员, 博士生导师, 中国地理学会会员(S110005331M)。主要从事土地利用和农业与农村发展研究。发表论文200 余篇, 出版著作10 部。E-mail: liuys@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41101165; 41130748); 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-EW-304); 中国博士后科学基金项目(20110490566)

Identification of China's Suitable Regions for Rural Residential Land Consolidation Based on Livelihoods Transformation

CHEN Yangfen, LIU Yansui, YANG Ren   

  1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2011-05-31 Revised:2011-11-08 Online:2012-03-20 Published:2012-03-20
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41101165; No.41130748; Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. KZCX2-EW-304; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, No.20110490566

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摘要： 理论解析以非农就业程度表征的农户生计转型和以人均农村居民点用地面积度量的农村土地利用特征的相互关系,应用GIS技术和空间自相关分析方法研究中国县域尺度农户生计转型的存在性、拐点值及其主导下的农村居民点用地整治适宜区域,为规范推进农村居民点用地整治与重构乡村地域的可持续性提供决策参考。结果表明,农户非农就业程度与人均农村居民点用地面积存在倒U型规律;资源禀赋、经济发展阶段、地形等外部因子影响农户生计与农村土地利用的相互关系;控制资源禀赋、地形等外部因子作用的农户非农就业程度拐点为38.36%,结合人均农村居民点用地规模,可将中国县域划分为适宜程度依次递减的优先整治区、优化调整区、适度挖潜区与限制整治区等4 种类型区;最后,提出了切实反映农户生计特征的区域农村居民点用地整治政策建议。

关键词: 农村居民点用地整治, 农户生计, 适宜区域, 空间自相关, 中国

Abstract: This paper deconstructs the theoretical relationship of non-agricultural ratio and per rural residential land area, which represent livelihoods transformation and rural land use respectively. Then it quantitatively analyzes the inflection point value of livelihoods transformation and identifies the corresponding suitable rural residential land consolidation regions based on the GIS technique and spatial autocorrelation analysis. The results indicate that there exists an inverted U-shaped relationship between non-agricultural ratio and per rural residential land area. By controlling the main influential factors such as resource endowment, economic development stage, the terrain, the urbanization ratio, the inflection point value of non-agricultural ratio is 38.36%. According to this inflection point value and the standards (150 m2 per capita) prescribed by the State for rural residential land use, four rural residential land consolidation regions with descending suitability are identified, including the prior consolidation region, the optimal consolidation region, the moderate potential region, and the restricted consolidation region. For prior consolidation region which enjoys the highest suitability, its suitable consolidation model is the urbanization leading model, and it is distributed mainly in north, east and central China. Peasants in the optimal consolidation region, mainly in southeast and southwest China, have a relatively low dependence on agriculture production, but rural land use here has been intensive. Rural residential land consolidation here is therefore suggested to integrate with central village construction. In the moderate potential region which is mainly located in the vast northern China, it has the highest per rural residential land area, but its non-agricultural ratio is too low to support massive rural land consolidation, it thus suits for the consolidation model of intra-village intensification. The restricted consolidation region, located mainly in southwest China, should pay more attention to its ecological environment and ecological function rather than land potential. Restricted rural residential land consolidation is suggested to combine with large-scale projects such as ecological immigrant project.

Key words: rural residential land consolidation, households livelihoods, suitable regions, spatial autocorrelation analysis, China