基于聚落地名记录的过去300年吉林省土地开垦过程

doi:10.11821/xb201107011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 聚落作为一种土地利用类型,是人类活动与自然环境之间相互作用的综合反映。新开垦区的聚落建立与农业土地开垦相辅相成,聚落格局演变可反映出土地开垦的过程。聚落地名,记录人类移居到新开垦区域时的直观状况,对于认识土地开发过程和恢复土地利用/覆被变化的历史进程有着重要的价值。本文根据地名志资料,将聚落地名依据不同的土地开垦类型进行划分,提出了土地开垦—聚落地名的分类方法,在此基础上辨识出土地开垦—聚落类型,即官垦聚落和民垦聚落,其中民垦聚落又可分为自发移民聚落和政府招垦聚落,并得到各类型聚落近300年来的时空格局演变过程,为认识吉林省土地利用/覆被变化提供依据,也为利用聚落地名进行土地开垦格局重建提供尝试。

关键词: 聚落地名记录, 土地开垦, 300 年, 吉林省

Abstract: Settlements, as a land-use type, can reflect the interaction between human activities and natural environment. In a new cultivation area, establishment of new settlements and agricultural land cultivation were carried out simultaneously, which made it possible to identify the process of land cultivation through studying the temporal and spatial growth of settlements. Settlement names, which recorded the actual situation when people migrated to a new cultivated area, have very important values in research on land exploitation and historical process of land use/cover change. Based on the chorography of toponym in Jilin, this paper studied settlement names according to different types of land cultivation, and developed a method of classification for land cultivation-settlements. Then it identified two types of land cultivation-settlement, which were governmental cultivation-settlements and individual cultivation-settlements. Furthermore the latter could also be divided into two sub-types, individual migration-settlements and governmental recruitment-settlements. In this paper, the process of temporal-spatial distribution of land cultivation in Jilin Province in the past 300 years has been recognized, which may be helpful to study the land use/cover change in Jilin, and also provide an attempt to conduct research on land cultivation based on toponym, or settlement names.

Key words: settlement names, land cultivation, 300 years, Jilin Province

曾早早, 方修琦, 叶瑜. 基于聚落地名记录的过去300年吉林省土地开垦过程[J]. 地理学报, 2011, 66(7): 985-993.

ZENG Zaozao, FANG Xiuqi, YE Yu. The Process of Land Cultivation Based on Settlement Names in Jilin Province in the Past 300 Years[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2011, 66(7): 985-993.

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