基于分形的中国大陆海岸线尺度效应研究

doi:10.11821/xb201103005

地理学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (3): 331-339.doi: 10.11821/xb201103005

基于分形的中国大陆海岸线尺度效应研究

高义^1,2,3, 苏奋振¹, 周成虎¹, 杨晓梅¹, 孙晓宇⁴, 张丹丹¹

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室, 北京100101;
2. 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所, 烟台264003;
3. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京100049;
4. 国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京100081

收稿日期:2010-10-06 修回日期:2010-12-15 出版日期:2011-03-20 发布日期:2011-05-15
通讯作者: 苏奋振, 男, 研究员, 博导, 从事海岸带海洋空间信息系统及时空数据挖掘研究。E-mail: Sufz@lreis.ac.cn E-mail:Sufz@lreis.ac.cn
作者简介:高义(1982-), 男, 山东单县人, 博士生, 研究方向为海岸带地理信息系统。E-mail: coastalchina@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（40571129）；国家高技术研究发展计划(863) 项目(2009AA12Z148); 国家重大专项项目(908-ZC-I-08)

Scale Effects of China Mainland Coastline Based on Fractal Theory

GAO Yi^1,2,3, SU Fenzhen¹, ZHOU Chenghu¹, YANG Xiaomei¹, SUN Xiaoyu⁴, ZHANG Dandan¹

1. LREIS, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
2. Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, CAS, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China;
3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
4. National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2010-10-06 Revised:2010-12-15 Online:2011-03-20 Published:2011-05-15
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 40571129;National High Technology Research and Development Program of China, No.2009AA12Z148; Marine Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment in China, No.908-ZC-I-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以DEM为基础，并参照卫星影像，提取了不同比例尺下中国大陆海岸线，从海岸地质构造特征和海岸类型角度出发，对我国大陆海岸线整体、沉降隆起岸段和不同类型海岸尺度效应进行分析，并探讨了引起尺度效应差异的地理环境因素。研究表明：(1) 中国大陆海岸线整体分形维数为1.195，岸线长度受测量尺度影响显著，定量刻画海岸线长度不可忽略相应测量尺度；(2)岸线分形受地质构造特征和水动力因素控制明显，隆起段和沉降段海岸线分形维数有着显著差异：辽东半岛隆起段分形维数为1.153，辽河—华北平原沉降段分形维数为1.116，山东半岛隆起段分形维数为1.148，苏北—杭州湾沉降段分形维数为1.177，浙东—桂南隆起段分形维数则达1.239；(3) 海岸线尺度效应同时随海岸类型不同有着显著差异，位于冀北平原和滦河三角洲平原岸段的砂质岸线分形维数为1.109；位于苏北平原的淤泥质岸线分维数为1.056，位于闽东南山地丘陵的基岩海岸线分形维数达1.293。海岸线是陆、海和气界面的交汇线，其分形性质的定量刻画，可为多尺度研究海气、陆气和海陆相互作用提供科学基础。

关键词: 中国大陆, 海岸线, 分形维数, 隆起带, 沉降带, 砂质岸线, 淤泥质岸线, 基岩岸线

Abstract: Based on DEM and remote sensing images, multi-scale coastlines of China mainland were extracted and the fractal characteristics of coastlines were analyzed. The results are shown as follows. (1) The coastline of China mainland fits the fractal model, and the fractal dimension is 1.195. (2) The scale effect with fractal dimensions of coastline has significant differences in light of uplift and subsidence segments along the coast of China mainland. (3) The fractal numbers of coastline dimension have significant spatial heterogeneity in the coastline types. The number of fractal dimension in sandy coastline located in the Luanhe River plain is 1.109, for the muddy coastline located in northern Jiangsu Plain, 1.059, and for rocky coastline along southeastern Fujian mountains, 1.293. (4) The length of rocky coastline is affected more by scale effect than that of muddy and sandy coastline. Since coastline is the conjunction of sea, land and atmosphere surface, the study of coastline scale effect is one of the scientific bases for the research on air-sea-land interaction in multi-scales.

Key words: China mainland, coastline, fractal dimension, uplift belt, subsidence belt, sandy coastline, muddy coastline, rocky coastline

高义, 苏奋振, 周成虎, 杨晓梅, 孙晓宇, 张丹丹. 基于分形的中国大陆海岸线尺度效应研究[J]. 地理学报, 2011, 66(3): 331-339.

GAO Yi, SU Fenzhen, ZHOU Chenghu, YANG Xiaomei, SUN Xiaoyu, ZHANG Dandan. Scale Effects of China Mainland Coastline Based on Fractal Theory[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2011, 66(3): 331-339.

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基于分形的中国大陆海岸线尺度效应研究

Scale Effects of China Mainland Coastline Based on Fractal Theory

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