山岳型风景区观光线路景观感知敏感度计算方法——以武安国家地质公园奇峡谷景区为例

doi:10.11821/xb201102010

地理学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (2): 244-256.doi: 10.11821/xb201102010

山岳型风景区观光线路景观感知敏感度计算方法——以武安国家地质公园奇峡谷景区为例

李仁杰^1,2, 路紫^2,3, 李继峰¹

1. 河北师范大学资源与环境科学学院，石家庄050016;
2. 河北省环境演变与生态建设实验室，石家庄050016;
3. 河北师范大学旅游系，石家庄050016

收稿日期:2010-03-26 修回日期:2010-07-07 出版日期:2011-02-20 发布日期:2011-02-20
通讯作者: 路紫(1960-), 男, 北京市人, 博士生导师。从事生态旅游、信息经济地理学研究。E-mail: Luzi1960@126.com
作者简介:李仁杰(1975-), 男, 河北鹿泉市人, 博士生, 副教授。从事生态旅游、GIS空间建模研究。 E-mail: lrjgis@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(40701137); 河北省高校重点学科建设项目

The Calculation Method of Landscape Perception Sensitivity on Sightseeing Route in Ecotourism Destinations:A Case Study of Qixiagu Scenic Region in Wu'an National Geopark

LI Renjie^1,2, LU Zi^2,3, LI Jifeng¹

1. College of Resources and Environment Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, China;
2. Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Shijiazhuang 050016, China;
3. Department of Tourist Management, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, China

Received:2010-03-26 Revised:2010-07-07 Online:2011-02-20 Published:2011-02-20
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40371030; Construction of Key Disciplines of universities in Hebei Province

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 将景观感知倾向性、景观美学与质量评价等研究成果和旅游者感知评价结合，通过定量描述可以感知的生态景观，反向描述旅游者的景观感知程度，提出了景观感知敏感度概念，建立了观光线路景观感知敏感度模型和基于栅格数据的景观感知敏感度计算方法。在充分考虑影响生态旅游者心理感知共性特征的基础上，选择景观可视状态、最佳观赏距离、最佳观赏方位3 个视域感知影响因子，和景观类型、资源等级、沉浸式生态景观3 个生态感知影响因子，对感知敏感度进行定量描述，反映旅游者的景观感知程度及其空间分异。以数字高程模型和高分辨率卫星影像为基础，生成虚拟三维景观，选择视域分析、空间叠置、缓冲区等方法，设计了基于山岳型风景区的观光线路景观感知敏感度计算流程，并选择河北省邯郸武安国家地质公园奇峡谷景区进行实验，以验证计算方法和流程的可行性。景观感知敏感度为生态旅游地尤其是山岳型风景区规划中识别旅游者的景观感知强度和空间分异奠定了基础。

关键词: 景观感知敏感度, 观光线路, 山岳型风景区, 生态旅游者, 三维景观, 武安国家地质公园

Abstract: Based on past researches on landscape preference, landscape aesthetics assessment, landscape quality evaluation, and tourist perception evaluation, this paper proposes the concept of landscape perception sensitivity, and describes eco-tourists' perception degree about landscapes through the perspective of quantitative calculation of the ecological landscapes, which is unlike the angle from the tourists. Although public preferences on landscapes are shaped by many different factors, such as age, sex, social and economic status etc., there are also some common preferences on landscape types, especially for the people with similar education background and environmental viewpoints. Considering the common preferences on landscape types, we design a calculation method for landscape perception sensitivity on sight-seeing route in ecotourism destinations. The method includes 2 types of impact factors: visible perception factors and ecological perception factors. The visible perception is used to describe the perception stimulated by visual sense, which includes 3 factors, namely landscape visibility, the best viewing distance and the best viewing orientation. The ecological perception is mainly to emphasize the perception difference influenced by the ecological landscape, which also includes three factors, i.e., landscape type, resource grade and some landscapes for experiencing in them. By the method, we can obtain the eco-tourist's landscape perception sensitivity and its spatial variation at any locations. The method is applied in the case study of Qixiagu scenic region, Wu'an National Geopark in Handan, Hebei Province. Based on Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and high-resolution satellite images, the authors build the virtual 3D landscape in the ecotourism destination and design a guideline for calculation of landscape perception sensitivity on sightseeing route using the tools of view-shed analysis, spatial overlay analysis, buffer and others on ArcGIS9.3 platform. The result shows that the calculation method for landscape perception sensitivity is a good way to quantitatively describe the eco-tourists' perception for ecological landscapes at any locations on the sightseeing routes, and identify its spatial variation on linear units. Locations with high values of landscape perception sensitivity are mostly the gathering sites of eco-tourists. Thus, during the process of planning for ecotourism destinations, the spatial differences of landscape perception sensitivity should be taken into consideration, the relationship between landscape perception and ecological capacity should be well coordinated, and the infrastructures should be allocated rationally. This calculation method lays a methodological basis for introducing perceptual factors to eco-tourism planning.

Key words: ecotourism destinations, landscape sensitivity, landscape perception sensitivity, sightseeing route, 3D landscape, Wu'an National Geopark

李仁杰, 路紫, 李继峰. 山岳型风景区观光线路景观感知敏感度计算方法——以武安国家地质公园奇峡谷景区为例[J]. 地理学报, 2011, 66(2): 244-256.

LI Renjie, LU Zi, LI Jifeng. The Calculation Method of Landscape Perception Sensitivity on Sightseeing Route in Ecotourism Destinations:A Case Study of Qixiagu Scenic Region in Wu'an National Geopark[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2011, 66(2): 244-256.

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山岳型风景区观光线路景观感知敏感度计算方法——以武安国家地质公园奇峡谷景区为例

The Calculation Method of Landscape Perception Sensitivity on Sightseeing Route in Ecotourism Destinations:A Case Study of Qixiagu Scenic Region in Wu'an National Geopark

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