地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (12): 1496-1506.doi: 10.11821/xb201012006

• 城市与聚落研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国传统聚落景观区划及景观基因识别要素研究

刘沛林1,2, 刘春腊3, 邓运员1, 申秀英1, 李伯华1, 胡最1   

  1. 1. 衡阳师范学院资源环境与旅游管理系，衡阳421008;
    2. 湖南大学经济与贸易学院，长沙410079;
    3. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京100101
  • 收稿日期:2010-01-09 修回日期:2010-11-15 出版日期:2010-12-20 发布日期:2010-12-20
  • 作者简介:刘沛林(1963-), 男, 教授, 湖南省人居环境学研究基地首席专家, 中国地理学会会员(S110004348M), 主要从事文化地理、聚落地理、景观规划及人居环境学的研究与教学。E-mail: liu_peilin@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40771050); 国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAJ08B18-01); 湖南省哲学社会科学2010年重大招标项目; 湖南省人文地理学重点建设学科项目; 湖南省普通高校科技创新团队项目

Landscape Division of Traditional Settlement and Effect Elements of Landscape Gene in China

LIU Peilin1,2, LIU Chunla3, DENG Yunyuan1, SHEN Xiuying1, LI Bohua1, HU Zui1   

  1. 1. Resources Environment & Tourism Management Dept., Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421008, Hunan, China;
    2. College of Economics and Trade, Hunan University, Changsha 410079, China; 3 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2010-01-09 Revised:2010-11-15 Online:2010-12-20 Published:2010-12-20
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40771050; National Key Technology R&D Program, No.2008BAJ08B18-01; Project of Hunan Province, Major Bid Item Projects of National Philosophy Social Science of Hunan Province; Key Constructive Disciplines Projects of Human Geography in Hunan Province; Scientific and Technological Innovation Team Projects of Higher Learning Institution in Hunan Province

PDF (PC)

赞

被引次数

161

摘要： 传统聚落景观区划是一项理论性和实践性都很强的工作，是文化景观区划研究的重要课题之一。基于中国传统聚落景观本身存在的地域性、系统性、稳定性、发展性、一致性、典型性和协调性等特点，本方案以传统聚落景观“意象”(Image) 的内部相似性为前提，以相对一致性原则作为景观区域划分的主导性原则，综合考虑其他原则，如环境制约性原则、文化主导性原则、地域完整性原则、相对一致性原则、面的覆盖性原则、层次性原则和综合性原则等，将全国聚落景观初步划分为3 个大尺度的景观大区、14 个景观区和76 个景观亚区。以往关于文化区的识别，主要从文化特征的角度进行的；关于传统聚落景观区的识别，主要是从景观基因的角度进行的。区域景观基因成为判断传统聚落景观区的核心要素。通常情况下，传统聚落景观基因的判别，可以重点从心理要素、生态要素、美学要素、环境要素、文化要素、时序要素等6 个方面入手。

关键词: 传统聚落, 文化景观, 聚落景观, 区划, 基因识别, 中国

Abstract: The landscape division of traditional settlement is the job with a strong concept with theory and practicality. It is one of the most important topics in studies on cultural landscape division. In views of the characteristics of regional, systematic, stable, development, identical, typical and harmonious traditional settlement landscape in China, setting the inner similarity of traditional settlement landscape "Image" as precondition, and taking opposite consistency principle as main principle while considering other principles, this paper divides the nation's settlement landscape into three large-sized landscape regions, 14 landscape regions and 76 landscape subregions. The division, from the practice, are based on the relevant landscape principle, such as the principle of environmental constraints, the principle of cultural guidance, the principle of integrated regions, the principle of relevant identity, the principle of covering and non-continuity, the principle of structures, the principle of comprehensive and landscape identity, etc.
Naming principle of landscape area at all levels is area-name plus charecteristic and general name. These large-sized landscape regions, landscape regions and landscape subregions are all different in environmental quality and cultural background, so their integrated settlement and architectural landscapes show strong "identifiability" and "impressionality".
The division of China's traditional settlement in this article is from the landscape gene perspective rather than based on cultural characteristics used before. Finally, the paper, in the view of "landscape gene", analyzes the main elements that influence the judges of China's traditional settlement landscape genes, from the elements of psychology, ecology, aesthetics, environment, culture, time and order and so on.

Key words: traditional settlement, cultural landscape, settlement landscape, division, characteristics of gene