中国流动人口地域类型的划分方法及空间分布特征

doi:10.11821/xb201010004

地理学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (10): 1187-1197.doi: 10.11821/xb201010004

中国流动人口地域类型的划分方法及空间分布特征

刘盛和¹, 邓羽^1,2, 胡章^1,2

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101
;
2. 中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

收稿日期:2010-04-01 修回日期:2010-07-21 出版日期:2010-10-20 发布日期:2010-10-20
作者简介:刘盛和(1967-), 男, 湖南衡阳人, 博士, 研究员, 中国地理学会会员(S110002420M)。研究方向为城市发展与土地利用。E-mail: liush@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-322); 国家自然科学基金项目(40971102); 国家科技支撑计划子课题(2006BAJ11B02-04)

Research on Classification Methods and Spatial Patterns of the Regional Types of China's Floating Population

LIU Shenghe¹, DENG Yu^1,2, HU Zhang^1,2

1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
;
2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2010-04-01 Revised:2010-07-21 Online:2010-10-20 Published:2010-10-20
Supported by:
Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.KZCX2-YW-322; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40971102; National Key Technology R&D Program, No.2006BAJ11B02-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着中国流动人口规模快速增长和影响日趋深远，各级政府在制订经济社会发展战略、区域与城市规划等各类重大决策时，亟需准确地认识和把握中国流动人口的空间分布特征及不同地域类型。本文在综合比较现有流动人口地域类型划分方法优缺点的基础上，提出了综合考虑净迁移率和总迁移率的复合型指标及其修正方法，并根据中国第五次人口普查分区县的流动人口数据，运用以上多种划分方法实证研制出中国流动人口地域类型的多种划分方案，并进行了比较分析。结果表明：① 综合考虑净迁移率和总迁移率的复合指标法，可以同时测度区域流动人口的方向性与活跃度，兼具以上两种单一性指标法的特色和优势，特别是能清晰地分辨出区域流入人口与流出人口的规模均比较大的平衡型活跃区这种独特类型，具有显著的优势。② 进一步考虑份额指标的修正型复合指标法，能有效地消除因区域人口总量过小或过大而导致流动人口活跃度被高估或低估的偏差，划分结果更加符合实际。③ 中国流动人口地域类型的空间分布格局与其自然环境、人口密度及经济社会发展水平的区域差异关系密切。中国各类流动人口活跃区主要分布在位处第三阶梯和大于800 mm等降雨线的东部季风区，其人口密度及经济社会发展水平相对较高。

关键词: 中国, 流动人口, 地域类型, 空间分布, 复合指标法

Abstract:

With the rapid increase of the number and influence of floating population in China, it is urgent to understand the regional types of China's floating population and their spatial characteristics. After reviewing the current methods for identifying regional types of floating population, this paper puts forward a new composite-index method and its further modification method consisting of two indexes simultaneously: the net migration rate and gross migration rate. Further, those methods are empirically tested by using China's 2000 Census data at county level. The results show: (1) The composite-indexes method is much better than the traditional single-index method because it can measure the migration direction and scale of floating simultaneously and in particular it can identify the unique regional types of floating population with large-scale immigration and emigration. (2) The modified composite-indexes method, by using the share of a region's certain type of floating population to the total in China as weight, can effectively correct the over- or under-estimated error due to the rather large or small total population of a region. (3) The spatial patterns of different regional types of China's floating population are closely related to regional differentiation of their natural environment, population density and socio-economic development level. The three active regional types of floating population are mainly located in the eastern China with lower elevation, more than 800 mm precipitation, rather than in the region with higher population density and economic development level.

Key words: China, floating population, regional types, spatial patterns, composite-index method

刘盛和, 邓羽, 胡章. 中国流动人口地域类型的划分方法及空间分布特征[J]. 地理学报, 2010, 65(10): 1187-1197.

LIU Shenghe, DENG Yu, HU Zhang. Research on Classification Methods and Spatial Patterns of the Regional Types of China's Floating Population[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(10): 1187-1197.

参考文献

[1] Population Census Office of the State Council, Population Statistics Department of National Bureau of Statistics. China's 1990 Census Data (a total of 4 books). Beijing: China Statistics Press, 1993: 1-21, 72, 502, 513.

[国务院人口普查办公室, 国家统计局人口统计司. 中国1990 年人口普查资料(共4册). 北京: 中国统计出版社, 1993: 1-21, 72, 502, 513.]

[2] Population Census Office of the State Council, Division of Science and Technology National Bureau of Statistics Population and Social Statistics. China 2000 Census Data (a total of 3 books). Beijing: China Statistics Press, 2002: 1797, 1889, 1898.

[国务院人口普查办公室, 国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司. 中国2000 年人口普查资料(共3 册). 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2002: 1797, 1889, 1898.]

[3] Zuo Xuejin, Zhang Henian, Yang Xin. Research on the Status and Management of Floating Population in Cities. Chinese Population in Transition. Beijing: China Statistics Press, 337-359.

[左学金, 张鹤年, 杨昕. 城市流动人口的现状与管理方法研究. 转型期的中国人口. 中国统计出版社, 2005: 337-359.]

[4] Chen Tianhui, Liu Shenghe. Research summary of the floating population in China. Journal of Anhui Agri. Sci., 2009, 37 (30): 14940-14942, 14948.

[陈天惠, 刘盛和. 我国人口流动研究综述. 安徽农业科学, 2009, 37(30): 14940 -14942, 14948.]

[5] Gu Chaolin, Cai Jianming, Zhang Wei et al. Research on the migration law of floating population in Chinese large and medium cities. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1999, 54(3): 205-213.

[顾朝林, 蔡建明, 张伟等. 中国大中城市流动人口迁移规律研究. 地理学报, 1999, 54(3): 205-213.]

[6] Yao Huasong, Xu Xueqiang, Xue Desheng. The research progress of Chinese floating population. Urban Problems, 2008, (6): 69-76.

[姚华松, 许学强, 薛德升. 中国流动人口研究进展. 城市问题, 2008, (6): 69-76.]

[7] Cai Fang. Population migration and the causes, trends and policies of floating. China Population Science, 1995, (6): 8-16.

[蔡昉. 人口迁移和流动的成因、趋势与政策. 中国人口科学, 1995, (6): 8-16.]

[8] Zhang Qingwu. History and countermeasures of the development of Chinese floating population. Population and the Economy, 1991, (6): 13-19.

[张庆五. 中国流动人口发展的历程与对策. 人口与经济, 1991, (6): 13-19.]

[9] Ding Jun. The analysis of the blocks of Rural-urban migration system in coastal areas. Urban Problems, 1993, (2): 21-24.

[丁军. 沿海地区城乡人口流动制度屏障分析. 城市问题, 1993, (2): 21-24.]

[10] Li Mengbai, Hu Xin et al. The Influence and Countermeasures of Floating Population on the Development of Big Cities. Beijing. Economic Press, 1991.

[李梦白, 胡欣等. 流动人口对大城市发展的影响及对策. 北京: 经济出版社, 1991.]

[11] Ding Jinhong, Liu Zhenyu, Cheng Danming et al. Regional differences and flow field characteristics of Chinese population migration. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2005, 60(1): 106-114.

[丁金宏, 刘振宇, 程丹明等. 中国人口迁移的区域差异与流场特征. 地理学报, 2005, 60(1): 106-114.]

[12] Zheng Xinzhen, Yang Xianghua. The Situation Analysis of Chinese Inter-Provincial Population Migration: Chinese Population in Transition. Beijing: China Statistics Press: 444-463.

[郑锌桢, 杨香花. 中国省际人口迁移流动态势分析: 转型期的中国人口. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2005: 444-463.]

[13] Liu Yu. The spatial-temporal characters and development trend of Chinese floating population. China Population Resources and Environment, 2008, 18(1): 139-145.

[刘玉. 中国流动人口的时空特征及其发展态势. 中国人口资源与环境, 2008, 18(1): 139-145.]

[14] Lu Qi, Wang Guoxia, Yang Chunyue et al. Several explanations about distribution of floating population and relationship between regional economic development. (1990 and 2000). Geographical Research, 2006, 25(5): 765-776.

[鲁奇, 王国霞, 杨春悦等. 流动人口分布与区域经济发展关系若干解释(1990、2000). 地理研究, 2006, 25(5): 765-776.]

[15] Lu Qi, Wu Peilin, Lu Lixin et al. Floating population characteristics and regional differences of relationship between regional economic development in Beijing. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2004, 60(5): 851-862.

[鲁奇, 吴佩林, 鲁礼新等. 北京流动人口特征与经济发展关系的区域差异. 地理学报, 2004, 60(5): 851-862.]

[16] Zhu Chuangeng, Gu Chaolin, Ma Ronghua et al. The influence essential factors and spatial distribution of Chinese floating population. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2001, 56(5): 550-562.

[朱传耿, 顾朝林, 马荣华等. 中国流动人口的影响要素与空间分布. 地理学报, 2001, 56(5): 550-562.]

[17] Population Census Office of the State Council, Population Statistics Department of National Bureau of Statistics. China's 2000 Census Data at County Level. Beijing: China Statistics Press, 2003.

[国务院人口普查办公室, 国家统计局人口统计司. 2000 人口普查分县资料. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2003.]

[18] Huw Jones. Population Geography. New York: The Guilford Press, 1990.

[19] Caroline B Brettell, James F Hollifeld. Migration Theory: Talking across Disciplines. New York: Routledge, 2000.

[20] Chan KamWing. Fundamentals of China's urbanization and policy. The China Review, 2010, 10(1): 63-94.

[21] Suzanne DaviesWithers. Population geography//Zeng Y. Demography. UNESCO-EOLSS, 2010.

[22] Liu Shenghe, Jiang Fang, Zhang Qing. Urbanization in China: Regional diversity and policies for coordinated development. Population Research, 2007, 31(3): 7-19.

[刘盛和, 蒋方, 张擎. 我国城市化发展的区域差异及协调发展对策. 人口研究, 2007, 31(3): 7-19.]

中国流动人口地域类型的划分方法及空间分布特征

Research on Classification Methods and Spatial Patterns of the Regional Types of China's Floating Population

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	古恒宇, 沈体雁. 中国高学历人才的空间演化特征及驱动因素[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(2): 326-340.
[2]	朱晟君, 金文纨. 地方出口产品结构及制度环境与企业出口相关多样化[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(2): 398-414.
[3]	关皓明, 杨青山, 浩飞龙, 冯章献. 基于“产业—企业—空间”的沈阳市经济韧性特征[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(2): 415-427.
[4]	李钢, 薛淑艳, 马雪瑶, 周俊俊, 徐婷婷, 王皎贝. 中国失踪人口的时空格局演变与形成机制[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(2): 310-325.
[5]	葛全胜, 朱会义. 两千年来中国自然与人文地理环境变迁及启示[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(1): 3-14.
[6]	张兴航, 张百平, 王晶, 余付勤, 赵超, 姚永慧. 中国南北过渡带东段样带植被序列与气候分界问题[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(1): 30-43.
[7]	李哲, 丁永建, 陈艾姣, 张智华, 张世强. 1960—2019年西北地区气候变化中的Hiatus现象及特征[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(9): 1845-1859.
[8]	郭泽呈, 魏伟, 石培基, 周亮, 王旭峰, 李振亚, 庞素菲, 颉斌斌. 中国西北干旱区土地沙漠化敏感性时空格局[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(9): 1948-1965.
[9]	敖荣军, 常亮. 基于结构方程模型的中国县域人口老龄化影响机制[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(8): 1572-1584.
[10]	宋周莺, 祝巧玲. 中国边境地区的城镇化格局及其驱动力[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(8): 1603-1616.
[11]	马春玥, 买买提·沙吾提, 姚杰, 古丽努尔·依沙克. 1950—2015年中国棉花生产时空动态变化[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(8): 1699-1710.
[12]	郑景云, 张学珍, 刘洋, 郝志新. 过去千年中国不同区域干湿的多尺度变化特征评估[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1432-1450.
[13]	陶泽兴, 葛全胜, 王焕炯. 1963—2018年中国垂柳和榆树开花始期积温需求的时空变化[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1451-1464.
[14]	瞿诗进, 胡守庚, 李全峰. 中国城市建设用地转型阶段及其空间格局[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1539-1553.
[15]	魏素豪, 李晶, 李泽怡, 宗刚. 中国农业竞争力时空格局演化及其影响因素[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(6): 1287-1300.