地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (12): 1411-1420.doi: 10.11821/xb200912001

• 论文 •    下一篇

21世纪初中国土地利用变化的空间格局与驱动力分析

刘纪远1,  张增祥2,  徐新良1,  匡文慧1,  周万村3,  张树文4, 李仁东5,  颜长珍6,  于东升7,  吴世新8,  江南9   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101；
    2. 中国科学院遥感应用研究所，北京 100101；
    3. 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所，成都 610041；
    4. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所，长春 130012；
    5. 中国科学院武汉测量与地球物理研究所，武汉 430077；
    6. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所，兰州 730000；
    7. 中国科学院南京土壤所，南京 210008；
    8. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，乌鲁木齐 830011；
    9. 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所，南京 210008
  • 收稿日期:2009-06-03 修回日期:2009-06-24 出版日期:2009-12-25 发布日期:2009-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 刘纪远 (1947-), 男, 研究员, 博士生导师, 中国自然资源学会理事长, 主要从事资源环境遥感与土地利用/覆盖变化及其宏观生态效应研究。E-mail: liujy@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家973计划 (2009CB421105); 科技支撑计划 (2006BAC08B00); 中国科学院重大项目 (KSCX1-YW-09-01)

Spatial Patterns and Driving Forces of Land Use Change  in China in the Early 21st Century

LIU Ji-Yuan-1,  Zhang-Ceng-Xiang-2,  Xu-Xin-Liang-1,  Kuang-Wen-Hui-1,  Zhou-Mo-Cun-3,  Zhang-Shu-Wen-4, LI Ren-Dong-5,  Ya-Chang-Zhen-6,  Xu-Dong-Sheng-7,  Tun-Shi-Xin-8,  Jiang-Na-9   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    3. Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu 610041, China;
    4. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, CAS, Changchun 130012, China;
    5. Wuhan Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, CAS, Wuhan 430077, China;
    6. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    7. Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China;
    8. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, CAS, Urumqi 830011, China;
    9. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China
  • Received:2009-06-03 Revised:2009-06-24 Online:2009-12-25 Published:2009-12-25
  • Supported by:

    National Basic Research Program of China, No.2009CB421105, National Key Technology R&D Program, No.2006BAC08B00, Knowledge Innovation Program of the CAS, No.KSCX1-YW-09-01

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被引次数

477

摘要：

在全球环境变化研究中，以土地利用与土地覆盖动态为核心的人类－环境耦合系统研究逐渐成为土地变化科学 (LCS) 研究的新动向。基于覆盖中国21世纪初5年间隔的遥感卫星数据获取的1 km网格土地利用变化空间信息，依据近5年土地利用变化区域分异的显著特征，以及自然地理、经济发展与国家宏观政策因素综合考虑，设计针对21世纪初5年新的中国土地利用动态区划图，揭示土地利用变化的空间格局与驱动因素。总体上，21世纪初5年中国处于土地利用快速变化期，黄淮海平原、东南沿海地区与四川盆地城乡建设用地显著扩张，占用大规模优质农田，导致南方水田面积明显减少；西北绿洲农业发展与东北地区开垦导致北方旱地面积略有增加；受西部开发“生态退耕”政策的影响中西部地区林地面积显著增加，国家退耕还林还草政策成效明显，对区域土地覆盖状况的改善产生积极的影响；这一时段国土开发与区域发展战略的实施，包括“西部大开发”、“东北振兴”等国家重大政策，加之快速的经济发展是该阶段土地利用变化格局形成的主要驱动因素。

关键词: 土地利用变化, 空间格局, 驱动力, 21世纪初, 中国

Abstract:

Land use and land cover change as the core of coupled human-environment systems has become a potential field of land change science (LCS) in the study of global environment change. Based on remotely sensed data of land use change with the spatial resolution of 1km ×1km on national scale among every five years, this paper designed a new dynamic regionalization according to the comprehensive characteristics of land use including regional differentiation, physical, economic, and macro-policy factors as well. Spatial pattern of land use change and its driving forces were investigated in Chia in the early 21st century. To sum up, land use pattern of this period was characterized by rapid changes in the whole country. Over the agricultural zones,e.g., Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, the southeast coastal area and Sichuan Basin, the built-up and residential areas were considerably expanded to a great proportion in the northwestern oasis agricultural zones and the northeastern zone led to a slight increase of arable land aea in the northern China. Due to the "grain for green" policy, forest area was significantly increased in the middle and western developing region,Where the vegetation coverage was substanially enlarged, likewise. This paper argued the main driving forces as the implementation of the strategy on land use and regional development, such as the "Western Development", "the Revitalization of the Northeast" policy, coupled with rapidly economic development during this period.

Key words: land use change, spatial pattern, driving forces, the early 21st century, China