我国湿地景观研究现状、存在的问题与发展方向

doi:10.11821/xb200911010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

湿地景观研究是近十余年来新兴的热点领域，极大地推进了湿地学科发展。但是，由于湿地景观研究体现的是湿地与景观方法有机结合，其在发展过程中还存在许多问题。本文在对我国湿地景观研究现状系统分析基础上，重点阐明了湿地景观概念、分类、遥感信息提取精度、多源数据可比性、结构与格局研究方法、景观过程与功能研究内容与尺度等制约湿地景观研究的主要问题。并指出了未来发展方向: (1) 重视湿地景观分类研究；(2) 重视湿地景观破碎化研究；(3)重视发展基于过程和功能的景观格局研究方法；(4) 重视多尺度湿地生物多样性研究；(5) 重视湿地景观管理研究。

关键词: 湿地, 沼泽, 景观, 地貌, 水环境, 生态, 中

Abstract:

Wetland research in landscape ecology, as a new hot field in recent years, has resulted in the development of wetland science. However, wetland research on landscape scale is a complex process which integrates wetland ecology with landscape methodology. So some problems have emerged in the development of wetland in landscape research, and significantly blocked the progress for wetland research in advance. This paper elaborates the current situation and problems in landscape studies on wetlands, and discusses future of wetland research in landscape ecology. We believe that wetland research into landscape ecology is still the main field in conservation and rational utilization of wetlands. Especially, we have obtained latest conclusions in landscape structure and pattern, process and function, evaluation and management of wetlands. But some new problems are increasingly emerged, including the concept of wetland landscape, classification, precision of information of wetlands from remote sensing imagine, application of multi-scale data, methodology of structure and pattern and scale choice for process and function of wetlands. How can we solve these problems, and how can we apply the theory of landscape ecology to the practice of wetland research? In future, five aspects are to be addressed: (1) to focus attention on wetland classification system with special ecological characteristics and distribution features in a given geographical condition; (2) to strengthen studies on landscape fragmentation of wetlands to exhibit changes in landscape patterns of wetlands impacted by human activities; (3) to develop new methodology for landscape patterns by integrating ecological process and functions of wetlands; (4) to conduct multi-scale biodiversity of wetlands study to exhibit maintaining capacity of wetland landscape in different patch-corridor-metrics models influenced by natural or human activities in a given region; and (5) to place emphasis on landscape management research in applying principles of pattern-process-function for conservation, planning and design of wetlands.

Key words: wetland, marsh, landscape, topography, hydrography, ecology, Chin

刘红玉,李玉凤,曹晓,郝敬峰,胡俊纳,郑囡. 我国湿地景观研究现状、存在的问题与发展方向[J]. 地理学报, 2009, 64(11): 1394-1401.

LIU Hong-yu,LI Yu-feng,CAO Xiao,HAO Jing-feng,HU Jun-na,ZHENG Nan. The Current Problems and Perspectives of Landscape Research of Wetlands in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2009, 64(11): 1394-1401.

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