关中西部漆水河全新世特大洪水与环境演变

doi:10.11821/xb200703006

地理学报 ›› 2007, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 291-300.doi: 10.11821/xb200703006

关中西部漆水河全新世特大洪水与环境演变

查小春, 黄春长, 庞奖励

陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院, 西安710062

收稿日期:2006-11-12 修回日期:2006-12-27 出版日期:2007-03-25 发布日期:2010-08-04
作者简介:查小春(1972-), 男, 陕西南郑人, 博士, 副教授, 主要从事资源开发与环境演变方面的研究。 E-mail: zhaxch@snnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(40571154; 40471119); 教育部博士点基金项目(20050718008); 陕西省自然科学基金项目(2006D01)

Holocene Extreme Floods and Environmental Change of Qishuihe River in Western Guanzhong Basin

ZHA Xiaochun, HUANG Chunchang, PANG Jiangli

College of Tourism and Environment Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China

Received:2006-11-12 Revised:2006-12-27 Online:2007-03-25 Published:2010-08-04
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40571154; No.40471119; Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China, No.20050718008; Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province, No. 2006D01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

古洪水水文学研究是全球变化研究的前沿课题。本文通过对漆水河流域深入调查研究, 在漆水河与湋河交汇的二级阶地全新世黄土—土壤剖面中发现古洪水沉积夹层, 利用沉积地貌学、沉积学、考古学和释光年代学方法, 确定了在全新世时期的11500 年内, 漆水河曾经在4650~4600a BP、4600~4300a BP、4300~4100a BP 和3100~3000a BP 发生了4 期20 次洪水事件。通过利用水位—流量关系模型, 计算出这4 期20 次特大洪水的洪峰流量, 大大延长了洪水水文数据序列, 并建立了漆水河全新世洪水频率曲线, 科学、系统地提高了漆水河洪水水文学计算精度, 增强了渭河流域防洪减灾和水资源开发当中洪水频率分析的可靠性。这项研究成果对于我国著名的农业科技城—杨凌的防洪减灾、水资源开发和生态环境建设具有重要的应用价值, 同时填补了渭河流域古洪水水文学研究的空白, 对于渭河流域生态环境综合治理具有重要的科学意义。

关键词: 漆水河, 渭河流域, 特大洪水, 全新世, 环境演变, 陕西省

Abstract:

Palaeoflood hydrologic study was a leading subject in the global change study. Using sediment physiognomy, archaeology and OSL chronology, the palaeoflood slacking deposits were found and analyzed on T2 terrace between the Qishuihe and Weihe rivers. The results showed that 20 palaeoflood events happened in the 4 periods of 4650-4600 a BP, 4400-4300 a BP, 4200-4100 a BP and 3100-3010 a BP since 11500 a BP, respectively. Then their peak discharges were calculated according to the hydrology principle, which greatly prolonged the flood data sequence in the Qishuihe river valley. And the flood frequency curve was established to enhance the reliability to control and reduce flood disasters in this valley. This research result is not only practical to the flood control, water resources exploitation and eco-environmental construction for Yangling, a well-known agricultural and high-tech city in Northwest China, but also fills in the blank of the palaeoflood hydrologic study in the Weihe River Basin, which is of great scientific significance to the comprehensive improvement of the eco-environment of the river basin.

Key words: Qishuihe River, Weihe River drainage basin, extreme floods, environmental change, Holocene, Shaanxi province

查小春, 黄春长, 庞奖励. 关中西部漆水河全新世特大洪水与环境演变[J]. 地理学报, 2007, 62(3): 291-300.

ZHA Xiaochun, HUANG Chunchang, PANG Jiangli. Holocene Extreme Floods and Environmental Change of Qishuihe River in Western Guanzhong Basin[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2007, 62(3): 291-300.

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关中西部漆水河全新世特大洪水与环境演变

Holocene Extreme Floods and Environmental Change of Qishuihe River in Western Guanzhong Basin

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