1990 年以来广州市土地覆被景观的时空梯度分异

doi:10.11821/xb200702007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

取1990 年、1995 年、2000 年和2005 年4 个时相覆盖广州市的TM 遥感影像为数据源, 经非监督分类及人工目视解译, 获得研究区各时相土地覆被类型图。以高速公路为轴线应用缓冲区技术, 形成南北和东西两条样带, 同时以城市中心区域向外等距扩展而形成辐射状梯度圈。通过样带和梯度圈剪裁形成土地覆被类型图, 计算土地覆被类型图的景观指数, 分析广州市15 年间土地覆被动态过程, 揭示区域景观动态的方向和梯度分异特征。数量结构与样带研究结果表明: 广州市因经济发展而使土地覆被景观恶化的趋势已得到一定程度的遏制, 城市发展逐步进入理性控制阶段, 但是存在方向分异, 东西样带上的土地覆被景观的多样性持续下降, 斑块破碎化程度加剧; 辐射梯度圈研究结果显示, 向外围扩展的城市化过程使广州市呈现出多个次级中心的格局, 对城市土地覆被景观的干扰强度自中心城区向郊区递减, 方向分异不显著; 东南方向的辐射梯度圈内土地覆被景观的分维数和多样性指数变化特征表明, 自2000 年始, 经济发展已开始侵占南部海域。

关键词: 土地覆被, 样带, 梯度圈, 缓冲区, TM 遥感影像, 广州市

Abstract:

Four TM remote sensing images of Guangzhou in 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005 were taken as data for the present study. The images fully covered the area of Guangzhou. The data sources of land-cover landscape were translated under manual and un-supervised interpretations with GIS software. Two highways were set as the lines of transects by buffer zone techniques. One transect is along north-south direction, and the other is west-east. Meanwhile, the radiative transects were set around the city center, where it was encircled by Huancheng highway. The buffer zone width was five meters. All data sources of land-cover landscapes were cut out by those transects, respectively, and all landscape indices were calculated based on these land-cover landscapes cut out. Based on these data the dynamics of land-cover landscape and their characteristics were analyzed, and results revealed that there were obvious diversifications in transect directions and different radiative transects. The results of quantity structure of land-cover landscape in the study area showed that excessive land-use has been controlled, and urbanization had being experienced development reasoning since 1995. But the diversity of land-cover landscape along the west-east decreases constantly and fragmentation of landscape patches is being expedited. The analyzed results of radiative transects showed that there are many satellite cities around the city center of Guangzhou, and intensity to disturb land-cover landscape is decreasing from the city center to the suburban areas while the diversification in different directions along N-E and S-E is not significant. In southern part, variations of indices of land-cover landscape foretell that sea area is being disturbed by new plan of city development.

Key words: land-cover, transect, grading diversification, buffer zone, TM remote sensing image, Guangzhou

龚建周, 夏北成. 1990 年以来广州市土地覆被景观的时空梯度分异[J]. 地理学报, 2007, 62(2): 181-190.

GONG Jianzhou, XIA Beicheng. Temporal-spatial Grading Diver sification of Land-cover at Landscape Level in Guangzhou since 1990[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2007, 62(2): 181-190.

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