塔里木河流域冰川变化及其对水资源影响

doi:10.11821/xb200605004

地理学报 ›› 2006, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (5): 482-490.doi: 10.11821/xb200605004

塔里木河流域冰川变化及其对水资源影响

刘时银^1,2, 丁永建¹, 张勇¹, 上官冬辉¹, 李晶¹, 韩海东¹, 王建¹, 谢昌卫¹

1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈与环境联合重点实验室,兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院青藏高原研究所, 北京 100029

收稿日期:2006-01-08 修回日期:2006-02-27 出版日期:2006-05-25 发布日期:2006-05-25
作者简介:刘时银 (1963-), 博士, 研究员, 博士生导师, 主要从事冰川资源与环境研究。E-mail: liusy@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目 (90202013; 40371026); 中国科学院知识创新工程项目 (KZCX3-SW-345; KZCX3-SW-339); 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所创新前沿项目 (2004102)

Impact of the Glacial Change on Water Resources in the Tarim River Basin

LIU Shiyin^1,2, DING Yongjian¹, ZHANG Yong¹, SHANGGUAN Donghui¹, LI Jing¹, HAN Haidong¹, WANG Jian¹, XIE Changwei¹

1. Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, CAS, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2006-01-08 Revised:2006-02-27 Online:2006-05-25 Published:2006-05-25
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.90202013; No.40371026; Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.KZCX3-SW-345; No.KZCX3-SW-339; Knowledge Innovation Project of CAREERI, CAS, No. 2004102

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在近一个世纪以来全球变暖趋势显著的背景下,1980年代中后期以来新疆等地区的降水、出山径流出现持续增加现象,冰川也呈加速萎缩状态。作者从区域冰川研究入手,研究在这种气候暖湿转变背景下,塔里木河流域冰川变化的响应及其影响。通过应用大比例尺地形图、高分辨率卫星遥感影像及航空摄影照片获得了塔里木河流域3000多条冰川1960年代初以来的变化,表明该流域近30多年来冰川呈总体萎缩状态,冰川退缩已给塔里木河流域水资源变化带来了明显的影响。

关键词: 新疆, 塔里木河, 冰川变化, 水资源, 卫星遥感

Abstract:

The Tarim River Basin, a river system converged by nine source tributaries, is the mostly glacierised watershed in the arid northwest China, where there are 11665 glaciers with a total area of 19878 km² and a volume of 2313 km³. Glaciers in the basin play a significant role in the water resource formation and variations. An estimation indicated that glaciers provide meltwater of about 133×10⁸ m³ every year, taking 39% of the total river runoff. With the influence of global warming, northwest China has experienced a general warming and drying change of climate since the mid-19th century. However, a so-called “warm and wet transition” of climate in the region has occurred since the late 1980s, exhibiting as an increase both in precipitation and outlet discharge in Xinjiang and neighborhood regions. This paper attempts to reveal how glaciers in the Tarim River Basin response to such a warming and wetting change and what impact glacier changes exert. We analyzed the variations of more than 3000 glaciers since the 1960s by applying topographical maps, high resolution satellite images and aerial photos for the river basin. Results indicate that glaciers in the basin has been mostly in retreat in recent 40 years, and the ice wastage have significantly influenced the variations of water resources in the Tarim River Basin.

Key words: Tarim River, glacier change, water resources, satellite remote sensing

刘时银, 丁永建, 张勇, 上官冬辉, 李晶, 韩海东, 王建, 谢昌卫. 塔里木河流域冰川变化及其对水资源影响[J]. 地理学报, 2006, 61(5): 482-490.

LIU Shiyin, DING Yongjian, ZHANG Yong, SHANGGUAN Donghui, LI Jing, HAN Haidong, WANG Jian, XIE Changwei. Impact of the Glacial Change on Water Resources in the Tarim River Basin[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2006, 61(5): 482-490.

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塔里木河流域冰川变化及其对水资源影响

Impact of the Glacial Change on Water Resources in the Tarim River Basin

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