地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2006, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (2): 199-211.doi: 10.11821/xb200602009

• 区域经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

转型期上海社会空间分异研究

李志刚1, 吴缚龙2   

  1. 1. 中山大学城市与区域研究中心, 广州 510275;
    2. School of City and Regional Planning, Cardiff University, UK
  • 收稿日期:2005-04-11 修回日期:2005-10-14 出版日期:2006-02-25 发布日期:2006-02-25
  • 作者简介:李志刚, (1976-), 男,湖北天门人,博士, 主要从事城市空间结构及其规划研究。E-mail: z.li@soton.ac.uk; lizhig@mail.sysu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40471039)

Sociospatial Differentiation in Transitional Shanghai

LI Zhigang1, WU Fulong2   

  1. 1. Centre of Urban and Regional Studies, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
    2. School of City and Regional Planning, Cardiff University, UK
  • Received:2005-04-11 Revised:2005-10-14 Online:2006-02-25 Published:2006-02-25
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 40471039

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被引次数

492

摘要：

采用2000年第五次全国人口普查数据库中居民委员会尺度的数据,对转型期上海城市空间重构与分异展开研究。存在6类社会区：计划经济时代建设的工人居住区、外来人口集中居住区、白领集中居住区、农民居住区、新建普通住宅居住区、离退休人员集中居住区。通过计算分异指数,发现当前上海存在严重的住房分异;但并不存在明显的以社会经济属性为基础的社会空间分异。造成这一现象的原因在于计划经济时代的历史以及仍然存在的大型企事业单位对住房的影响。中国城市目前的社会空间分异在程度上与西方城市还有根本的差异。

关键词: 社会空间分异, 因子生态, 分异度, 上海

Abstract:

Using the 5th census data on the spatial level of neighborhood committee, the lowest administrative level of urban China, this paper examines sociospatial differentiation in post-reform Shanghai. By applying the traditional method of factorial analysis, six types of social areas are identified: worker villages built before reform, migrant communities, professional complexes, peasant villages, new-worker villages and aged accumulated inner-city. Accordingly, the post-reform sociospatial structure of Shanghai is a model combining the three classic structures: concentric layers, clusters, and multi-nuclei. Our findings suggest that residential district (jiedao) is heterogeneous, thus we argue that the social area should be studied on lower spatial levels. In this sense, we further examine to what extent social space is differentiated. It suggests that neither demographic variables nor socio-economic variables have significant differentiation as those in the West; instead, there is rather a high extent of housing differentiation. The underlying reason is attributed to the institutional forces such as work-unit, i.e. their impact upon housing in history and their impact in the post-reform era. This distinctive mechanism indicates that now the extent of sociospatial differentiation of urban China is still much lower than that of Western cities.

Key words: Shanghai, sociospatial differentiation, extent of differentiation, factorial ecology, indices