江苏王港盐沼的现代沉积速率

doi:10.11821/xb200501007

地理学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (1): 61-70.doi: 10.11821/xb200501007

江苏王港盐沼的现代沉积速率

王爱军^1,2, 高抒², 贾建军³, 潘少明²

1. 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,厦门 361005;
2. 南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室,南京 210093;
3. 国家海洋局海底科学重点实验室,国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,杭州 310012

收稿日期:2004-08-05 修回日期:2004-10-14 出版日期:2005-01-25 发布日期:2005-01-25
作者简介:王爱军 (1977-),男,硕士,从事自然地理学研究。E-mail：ajwang7708@sohu.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目 (40231010);国家自然科学基金项目 (40476041);教育部博士点基金 (20020284007) 资助

Contemporary Sedimentation Rates on Salt Marshes at Wanggang, Jiangsu, China

WANG Aijun^1,2, GAO Shu², JIA Jianjun³, PAN Shaoming²

1. Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Xiamen 361005, China;
2. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Islands Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Geo-Marine Sciences, Second Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Hangzhou 310012, China

Received:2004-08-05 Revised:2004-10-14 Online:2005-01-25 Published:2005-01-25
Supported by:
The key project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40231010; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40476041; Grants from the Ministry of Education Foundation for Ph.D. Program, No.20020284007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

江苏海岸湿地总面积超过5000 km²,但围垦活动的加剧使盐沼湿地面积迅速减少;为了达到海岸防护、保滩促淤的目的,先后引种了大米草和互花米草。通过采集江苏王港潮滩盐沼湿地9处柱状样和挖取探槽剖面,以及对沉积剖面样品进行²¹⁰Pb和¹³⁷Cs测年分析,探讨了²¹⁰Pb的本底及影响²¹⁰Pb富集的因素,估算了王港盐沼湿地的现代沉积速率。王港潮滩盐沼沉积物对²¹⁰Pb的吸附作用较弱;受风暴潮、生物扰动、物源变化及实验误差等因素的影响,在²¹⁰Pbex剖面上出现了数据异常点,将这些数据点剔除后计算得到的沉积速率为3.3 cm yr^-1。¹³⁷Cs测年显示,该地区1963年以来的平均沉积速率3.1 cm yr^-1,与²¹⁰Pb法及前人研究结果相一致。根据一个典型剖面的¹³⁷Cs测年数据分析,王港潮滩盐沼的沉积过程根据地貌特征的不同可分3个阶段,大米草覆盖阶段滩面高程迅速增加,互花米草的生长提高了滩面淤积速率。

关键词: 盐沼湿地, 沉积速率, ²¹⁰Pb和¹³⁷Cs测年, 米草, 江苏海岸

Abstract:

The total area of coastal wetlands exceeds 5000 km² in Jiangsu Province, China, but it has been decreasing rapidly as a result of intense reclamation activities. Two types of plants, Spartina angelica and Spartina alterniflora, were introduced successively into the Jiangsu coast, in order to protect the coastline from erosion and to increase the accumulation rate. ²¹⁰Pb and ¹³⁷Cs analyses were carried out for sediment samples from the salt marshes of Wangang, to derive the sedimentation rate, on the basis of an evaluation of the background values and factors affecting the enrichment of ²¹⁰Pb. Analysis of a typical sediment column of the tidal flat shows that the absorption of ²¹⁰Pb in the silt-dominated sediment is weak. Influences of storm events, bioturbation, material sources and analytical error also have an effect. As a result, some abnormal data points are present. These data were removed before the calculation of the sedimentation rate. The sedimentation rate was 3.3 cm a^-1 on average. Based upon analysis of the ¹³⁷Cs dating, the rate since 1963 was 3.1 cm a^-1 on average, similar to the data by ²¹⁰Pb dating and from previous studies.

Key words: salt marshes, sedimentation rates, ²¹⁰Pb and ¹³⁷Cs dating, Spartina, Jiangsu coast

王爱军, 高抒, 贾建军, 潘少明. 江苏王港盐沼的现代沉积速率[J]. 地理学报, 2005, 60(1): 61-70.

WANG Aijun, GAO Shu, JIA Jianjun, PAN Shaoming. Contemporary Sedimentation Rates on Salt Marshes at Wanggang, Jiangsu, China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2005, 60(1): 61-70.

参考文献

[1] Ren M E. Comprehensive Investigation of the Coastal Zone and Tidal Land Resources of Jiangsu Province. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 1986, 517.
[任美锷. 江苏省海岸带与海涂资源综合调查报告. 北京: 海洋出版社, 1986. 517.]

[2] Zhu D K. The coast development and exploitation of middle Jiangsu. J.of Nanjing University (Natural Sciences Edition), 1982, (3): 799-818.
[朱大奎. 江苏中部海岸发育和开发利用问题. 南京大学学报(自然科学版), 1982, (3): 799-818.]

[3] Zhong C X, Zhuo R Z. Twenty two years of Spartina anglica hubbard in China. Journal of Nanjing University (Research Advances in Spartina: Achievements of Past 22 Years), 1985. 31-35.
[仲崇信, 卓荣宗. 大米草在我国的22年. 南京大学学报(米草研究进展——22年来的研究成果论文集), 1985. 31-35.]

[4] Xu G W, Zhuo R Z. Preliminary studies of introduced Spartina alterniflora Loisel in China (I). Journal of Nanjing University (Research Advances in Spartina: Achievements of Past 22 Years), 1985. 212-225.
[徐国万, 卓荣宗. 我国引种互花米草的初步研究(I). 南京大学学报(米草研究进展——22年来的研究成果论文集), 1985. 212-225.]

[5] Ren M E. Sedimentation on tidal mud flat of Wanggang Area, Jiangsu. Collected Oceanic Works, 1983, 6(2): 84-108.

[6] Jia J J, Gao S, Xue Y C. Sediment dynamic processes of the Yuehu inlet system, Shandong Peninsula, China. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2003, 57: 783-801.

[7] McManus J. Grain size determination and interpretation. In: Techniques in Sedimentology. Oxford: Blackwell, 1988, 63-85.

[8] Goldburg E D, Koide M. Rates of sediment accumulation in the Indian Ocean. In: Geiss J, Goldburg E D (eds.), Earth Science and Meteoritics. Amsterdam: North-Holland publishing Company, 1963. 90-102.

[9] Cao Q Y, Shen D X. Chronology and Experimental Technology of the Quaternary. Nanjing: Nanjing University Press, 1988. 228-252.
[曹琼英, 沈德勋. 第四纪年代学及实验技术. 南京: 南京大学出版社, 1988. 228-252.]

[10] Appleby P G. Radiometric dating of the United Kingdom SWAP sites. Philosophy Royal Society of London, 1990, 327: 233-238.

[11] Pan S M. Cs-137 profile in sediments in estuaries and its application in sedimentology. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1997, 15(4): 67-71.
[潘少明. 河口港湾沉积物中的¹³⁷Cs剖面及其沉积学意义. 沉积学报, 1997, 15(4): 67-71.]

[12] Wan G J. The ¹³⁷Cs dating of annual layers of recent sediments: examples from Hongfeng Lake and Erhai Lake. Quaternary Sciences, 1999, (1): 73-80.

[13] Armentano T V, Woodwell G M. Sedimentation rates in a Long Island marsh determined by ²¹⁰Pb dating. Limnology and Oceanography, 1975, 20(3): 452-456.

[14] Orson R A, Warren R S, Niering W A. Interpreting sea level rise and rates of vertical marsh accretion in a southern New England tidal salt marsh. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1998, 47: 419-429.

[15] Zhang R S, Chen C J. Evolution of Jiangsu Offshore Banks (Radial Offshore Tide Sands) and Probability of Tiaozini Sands Merged into Mainland. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 1992, 124.

[16] Chen J. Sedimentary characteristics of the Erfenshui tidal ridge of the Tiaozini sandbank off Jiangsu province. Marine Science Bulletin, 2003, 22(3): 23-30.
[陈君. 江苏岸外条子泥二分水滩脊的沉积特征. 海洋通报, 2003, 22(3): 23-30.]

[17] Xia X M, Xie Q C, Li Y et al. ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb profiles of the seabed cores along the East China Sea coast and their implications to sedimentary environment. Donghai Marine Science, 1999, 17(1): 20-27.
[夏小明, 谢钦春, 李炎等. 东海沿岸海地沉积物中的¹³⁷Cs、²¹⁰Pb分布及其沉积环境解释. 东海海洋, 1999, 17(1): 20-27.]

[18] Chih-an Hub, Chih-Chieh Su. Sedimentation dynamics in the East China Sea elucidated from ²¹⁰Pb, ¹³⁷Cs and 239-210Pu. Marine Geology, 1999, 160: 183-193.

[19] Chen C J. Effect of increasing deposition and defending seashore by planting Sparrtina Anglica on beach in Jiangsu province. Marine Science Bulletin, 1994, 13(2): 55-61.
[陈才俊. 江苏滩涂大米草促淤护岸效果. 海洋通报, 1994, 13(2): 55-61.]

[20] Kestner F J T. The Loose-boundary regime of the Wash. The Geographical Journal, 1975, 141: 388-414.

[21] Stumpf R P. The process of sedimentation on the surface of a salt marsh. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1983, 17: 495-508.

[22] Zhuang W Y, Shebel J. Influence of seagrass on tidal flat sedimentation. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 1991, 13(2): 230-239.
[庄武艺, 谢佩尔. 海草对潮滩沉积作用的影响. 海洋学报, 1991, 13(2): 230-239.]

[23] Yang S L, Chen J Y. The role of vegetation in mud coast processes. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 1994, 25(6): 631-634.
[杨世伦, 陈吉余. 试伦植物在潮滩发育演变中的作用. 海洋与湖沼, 1994, 25(6): 631-634.]

[24] Yang S L. Influence of tidal marsh vegetations on hydrodynamics and sedimentation in the Changjiang Estuary. Acta Ocean. Sinica, 2001, 23(4): 75-80.
[杨世伦. 长江口潮沼植物对沉积动力过程的影响. 海洋学报, 2001, 23(4): 75-80.]

[25] Zhu J. Cross-shore difference in short-term evolution of muddy intertidal flat using a quantificational method. Geographical Research, 2001, 20(4): 423-430.
[朱骏. 潮间带短期冲淤过程的横向差异及其定量表达. 地理研究, 2001, 20(4): 423-430.]

[26] Pethick J S. Long-term accretion rates on tidal salt marshes. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1981, 51: 571-577.

[27] Gao S, Collins M B. Formation of salt-marsh cliffs in an accretional environment, Christchurch Harbour, southern England. In: Wang P X, Bergran W (eds.), Proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress (Vol. 13: Marine Geology and Palaeoceanography). Amsterdam: VSP Press, 1997. 95-110.

[28] Gao S, Zhu D K. The profile of Jiangsu's mud coast. Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Sciences Edition), 1988, 24(1): 75-84.
[高抒, 朱大奎. 江苏淤泥质海岸剖面的初步研究. 南京大学学报 (自然科学版), 1988, 24(1): 75-84.]

[29] Chen C J. Development of depositional tidal flat in Jiangsu province. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 1991, 22(4): 360-368.
[陈才俊. 江苏淤长型淤泥质潮滩的剖面发育. 海洋与湖沼, 1991, 22(4): 360-368.]

江苏王港盐沼的现代沉积速率

Contemporary Sedimentation Rates on Salt Marshes at Wanggang, Jiangsu, China

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 8

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	夏非, 张永战, 王瑞发, 张振克, 彭修强. 苏北废黄河水下三角洲沉积范围研究述评[J]. 地理学报, 2015, 70(1): 29-48.
[2]	赵秧秧, 高抒, 王丹丹, 许振, 朱冬, 王晓枫. 盐沼前缘陡坎韵律性形态特征及其形成过程与机理[J]. 地理学报, 2014, 69(3): 378-390.
[3]	吴德力, 沈永明, 方仁建. 江苏中部海岸潮沟的形态变化特征[J]. 地理学报, 2013, 68(7): 955-965.
[4]	张晓祥, 严长清, 徐盼, 戴煜暄, 晏王波, 丁贤荣, 朱晨曦, 梅丹丹. 近代以来江苏沿海滩涂围垦历史演变研究[J]. 地理学报, 2013, 68(11): 1549-1558.
[5]	王小雷, 杨浩, 丁兆运, 杨本俊, 张明礼. 云南抚仙湖近现代沉积速率变化研究[J]. 地理学报, 2011, 66(11): 1551-1561.
[6]	许炯心,孙季. 黄河下游2300年以来沉积速率的变化[J]. 地理学报, 2003, 58(2): 247-254.
[7]	谢钦春, 李伯根, 夏小明, 李炎, Tj.C. E.Van Weering, G.W.Berger. 浙江瓯江口南岸潮滩相带的时空变化[J]. 地理学报, 1994, 49(6): 509-516.
[8]	张忍顺. 苏北黄河三角洲及滨海平原的成陆过程[J]. 地理学报, 1984, 39(2): 173-184.