生态重建模式的评价方法——以黄土丘陵区为例

doi:10.11821/xb200404017

地理学报 ›› 2004, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (4): 621-628.doi: 10.11821/xb200404017

生态重建模式的评价方法——以黄土丘陵区为例

徐勇¹, 田均良², 沈洪泉¹, 刘普灵²

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101;
2. 中国科学院水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2003-11-10 修回日期:2004-03-22 出版日期:2004-07-25 发布日期:2004-07-25
作者简介:徐勇 (1964-), 男, 陕西榆林人, 副研究员。主要从事农业与乡村发展、土地利用变化与可持续发展等领域的科研工作。E-mail：yongxu@sina.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目 (40371051);中国科学院知识创新工程项目 (KZCX1-6-2-6)

The Evaluating Method of Eco-environment Restoration Patterns: A Case Study of the Loess Hilly-gully Region

XU Yong¹, TIAN Junliang², SHAN Hongquan¹, LIU Puling²

1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
2. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Research, CAS, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China

Received:2003-11-10 Revised:2004-03-22 Online:2004-07-25 Published:2004-07-25
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40371051; Knowledge Innovation Project of CAS, No.KZCX1-6-2-6

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生态重建模式是协调生态脆弱地区人地关系的系列政策和配套措施的总称。作者在按模式总体特征、生态重建规模、投资需求及实施效果开展评价方法讨论和筛选评价指标的基础上，以黄土丘陵区为例，总结了“赈济退耕”、“梯田退耕”和“坝系根治”3种模式的基本特征，计算了不同模式下黄土丘陵区生态重建关于退耕、新修梯田、园地扩建、建坝淤地以及林草植被恢复等的规模和投资需求额度，分析了各模式下的生态重建效益。结果表明：“梯田退耕”可作为黄土丘陵区生态重建的主体模式，目前正在实施的“赈济退耕”具有显著的过渡性特征，“坝系根治”在局部区域可作为辅助模式。

关键词: 生态重建模式, 评价方法, 黄土丘陵区

Abstract:

The eco-environment restoration pattern means an integration of the policies and their matching measures in regulating the relation between human being and environment in the eco-environmentally fragile areas. This paper discussed the contents, indices and methods of the pattern evaluation. And then, based on the research results in the past ten years and the successful cases of small watersheds in the loess hilly-gully region, the characteristics of eco-environment restoration patterns including "relieving and de-farming" (RD), "rebuilding terrace and de-farming" (RTD) and "dam system and permanent control" (DSPC) were summarized. The sizes of de-farming slope farmland, rebuilding terrace, enlarging garden plot and restoring vegetation were calculated, the investment demands of eco-environment restoration on three patterns were done, benefits from those patterns were analyzed respectively and compared among each other. As a result, this paper drew the following conclusions: (1) RD pattern showed that the area of de-farming slope farmland more than 25^o is 41.91×10⁴ hm² with 44.01×10⁸ yuan (RMB) of policy allowance, and that of de-farming slope farmland more than 15^o is 125.53×10⁴ hm² with 131.82×10⁸ yuan of that. The result of RTD pattern is that the area of enlarged terraces is 69.16×10⁴ hm² and that of restored vegetation is 541.02×10⁴ hm², with 125.05×10⁸ yuan of total investment demand. And the data from DSPC pattern included 36×10⁴ silt-covered dams, 55.98×10⁴ hm² of silt-covered farmland and 554.2×10⁴ hm² of new woodland or grassplot, and 221.22×10⁸ yuan of investment demand. (2) The benefit analysis of three patterns and their comparison results showed that RTD pattern ranks the first, with appropriate investment demand, better benefit and safer food supplies. Compared with RTD, RD being underway at present is a transitional pattern, with lower benefit and unsafe food supplies, and it should be replaced with RTD as soon as possible. On account of the limitation of its bigger investment demand and more uncertain factors, DSPC can be only regarded as an accessorial pattern, in despite of its profit prior to that of RTD.

Key words: eco-environment restoration pattern, evaluating method, loess hilly-gully region

徐勇,田均良,沈洪泉,刘普灵. 生态重建模式的评价方法——以黄土丘陵区为例[J]. 地理学报, 2004, 59(4): 621-628.

XU Yong, TIAN Junliang, SHAN Hongquan, LIU Puling. The Evaluating Method of Eco-environment Restoration Patterns: A Case Study of the Loess Hilly-gully Region[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2004, 59(4): 621-628.

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生态重建模式的评价方法——以黄土丘陵区为例

The Evaluating Method of Eco-environment Restoration Patterns: A Case Study of the Loess Hilly-gully Region

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