东亚夏季风的年代际变率对中国气候的影响

doi:10.11821/xb200304011

地理学报 ›› 2003, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (4): 569-576.doi: 10.11821/xb200304011

东亚夏季风的年代际变率对中国气候的影响

郭其蕴¹, 蔡静宁², 邵雪梅¹, 沙万英¹

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101；
2. 北京大学物理学院大气科学系，北京 100871

收稿日期:2002-11-13 修回日期:2002-12-27 出版日期:2003-07-25 发布日期:2003-07-25
作者简介:郭其蕴 (1933-), 女, 研究员, 主要从事气候学研究。
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程项目 (KZCX2-314)

Interdecadal Variability of East-Asian Summer Monsoon and Its Impact on the Climate of China

GUO Qiyun¹, CAI Jingning², SHAO Xuemei¹, SHA Wanying¹

1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
2. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Received:2002-11-13 Revised:2002-12-27 Online:2003-07-25 Published:2003-07-25
Supported by:
Knowledge Innovation Project of CAS, No. KZCX2-314

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用NCEP的海平面气压 (SLP) 资料，按6月～8月10^oN～50^oN陆 (110^oE)、海 (160^oE) 气压差 ≤ -5 hPa的累计值代表夏季风强度。每年的值被1951～2000年50年平均值除作为夏季风指数 (SMI)。近50年的SMI序列表明有明显的年代际变化，1970年代中之前强夏季风年 (SMI > 1) 占优势，1976年开始均为弱夏季风年 (SMI < 1)。同时研究了SMI与中国夏季 (6月～8月) 降水量与平均气温的关系。发现夏季风强时中国东部华北多雨，长江少雨，同时长江到淮河气温高，但中国西部在夏季风强时南部多雨，北部少雨，气温为北高南低。夏季风弱时情况相反。同时指出，夏季风的年代际变化还影响到夏季风与中国气候的年际变化关系。

关键词: 东亚夏季风, 年代际变率, 中国气候

Abstract:

Interdecadal variabilities of East-Asian summer monsoon are studied according to the sum of sea level pressure gradient which is ≤-5 hPa between the land (110^oE) and sea (160^oE) from 10^oN to 50^oN. The sum for each year from 1951 to 2000 is divided by the mean sum averaged for the total 50 years, to form a series of Summer Monsoon Index (SMI). It shows a systematic reduction during the period of 1951-2000. Strong monsoon (SMI ≥1.0) was predominated during the first half of the studied period. SMI was less than 1.0 since 1976. Association of the climate in China to the SMI is examined based on the calculation of correlation coefficients between monthly mean temperatures and precipitations in each of 160 stations covered the whole land area of Chinese territory. It indicates that summer (June to August) precipitation increased in North China and decreased along the lower reaches of the Changjiang River when summer monsoon was stronger than the normal, and vice versa. Summer temperatures were higher along the Huaihe and Changjiang rivers when summer monsoon was stronger than the normal.

Key words: East Asian summer monsoon, interdecadal variability, climate of China

郭其蕴,蔡静宁,邵雪梅,沙万英. 东亚夏季风的年代际变率对中国气候的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2003, 58(4): 569-576.

GUO Qiyun, CAI Jingning, SHAO Xuemei, SHA Wanying. Interdecadal Variability of East-Asian Summer Monsoon and Its Impact on the Climate of China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2003, 58(4): 569-576.

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东亚夏季风的年代际变率对中国气候的影响

Interdecadal Variability of East-Asian Summer Monsoon and Its Impact on the Climate of China

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