东亚夏季风的年代际变率对中国气候的影响

doi:10.11821/xb200304011

地理学报 ›› 2003, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (4): 569-576.doi: 10.11821/xb200304011

东亚夏季风的年代际变率对中国气候的影响

郭其蕴¹, 蔡静宁², 邵雪梅¹, 沙万英¹

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101；
2. 北京大学物理学院大气科学系，北京 100871

收稿日期:2002-11-13 修回日期:2002-12-27 出版日期:2003-07-25 发布日期:2010-09-09
作者简介:郭其蕴 (1933-), 女, 研究员, 主要从事气候学研究。
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程项目 (KZCX2-314)

Interdecadal Variability of East-Asian Summer Monsoon and Its Impact on the Climate of China

GUO Qiyun¹, CAI Jingning², SHAO Xuemei¹, SHA Wanying¹

1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
2. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Received:2002-11-13 Revised:2002-12-27 Online:2003-07-25 Published:2010-09-09
Supported by:
Knowledge Innovation Project of CAS, No. KZCX2-314

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用NCEP的海平面气压 (SLP) 资料，按6月～8月10^oN～50^oN陆 (110^oE)、海 (160^oE) 气压差 ≤ -5 hPa的累计值代表夏季风强度。每年的值被1951～2000年50年平均值除作为夏季风指数 (SMI)。近50年的SMI序列表明有明显的年代际变化，1970年代中之前强夏季风年 (SMI > 1) 占优势，1976年开始均为弱夏季风年 (SMI < 1)。同时研究了SMI与中国夏季 (6月～8月) 降水量与平均气温的关系。发现夏季风强时中国东部华北多雨，长江少雨，同时长江到淮河气温高，但中国西部在夏季风强时南部多雨，北部少雨，气温为北高南低。夏季风弱时情况相反。同时指出，夏季风的年代际变化还影响到夏季风与中国气候的年际变化关系。

关键词: 东亚夏季风, 年代际变率, 中国气候

Abstract:

Interdecadal variabilities of East-Asian summer monsoon are studied according to the sum of sea level pressure gradient which is ≤-5 hPa between the land (110^oE) and sea (160^oE) from 10^oN to 50^oN. The sum for each year from 1951 to 2000 is divided by the mean sum averaged for the total 50 years, to form a series of Summer Monsoon Index (SMI). It shows a systematic reduction during the period of 1951-2000. Strong monsoon (SMI ≥1.0) was predominated during the first half of the studied period. SMI was less than 1.0 since 1976. Association of the climate in China to the SMI is examined based on the calculation of correlation coefficients between monthly mean temperatures and precipitations in each of 160 stations covered the whole land area of Chinese territory. It indicates that summer (June to August) precipitation increased in North China and decreased along the lower reaches of the Changjiang River when summer monsoon was stronger than the normal, and vice versa. Summer temperatures were higher along the Huaihe and Changjiang rivers when summer monsoon was stronger than the normal.

Key words: East Asian summer monsoon, interdecadal variability, climate of China

郭其蕴,蔡静宁,邵雪梅,沙万英. 东亚夏季风的年代际变率对中国气候的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2003, 58(4): 569-576.

GUO Qiyun, CAI Jingning, SHAO Xuemei, SHA Wanying. Interdecadal Variability of East-Asian Summer Monsoon and Its Impact on the Climate of China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2003, 58(4): 569-576.

参考文献

[1] CLIVAR. A research programme on climate variability and prediction for the 21st century. In: August 1997. World Climate Research Programme. International CLIVARP Project Office, Bundsstr. 55. D-20146 Hamburg: 48.

[2] Shi Peijun, Gong Daoyi. Progress in the study on Sahel climate and environmental change. Advance in Earth Sciences, 2001, 16(3): 406-412.
[史培军, 龚道溢. Sahel气候与环境变化研究进展. 地球科学进展, 2001, 16(3): 406-412.]

[3] Lu Riyu. International variations of precipitations in various months of summer in North China. Plateau Meteorology, 1999, 18(4): 509~519.
[陆日宇. 华北夏季不同月份降水的年代际变化. 高原气象, 1999, 18(4): 509-519.]

[4] Yang Zhigang. Climatic background analysis of flow-break episode of lower Yellow River in recent years. Acta Mete. Sinica, 2000, 58(6): 751-758.
[杨志刚. 近年来黄河下游断流的干旱背景分析. 气象学报, 2000, 58(6): 751-758.]

[5] Jin Liya. Distribution of the anomalies of the temperature and precipitation in different seasons in Northern China as well as their relationship with the drought over northwest regions. In: Sun Guowu, The Research of Drought Climate in Northwest China. Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 1997. 66-74.
[靳立亚. 中国西北地区不同季节降水、气温异常的时空分布及其与西北干旱的关系. 见: 孙国武, 中国西北干旱气候研究. 北京: 气象出版社, 1997. 66-74.]

[6] Sun Li. A climatic analysis of summer precipitation features and anomaly in Northeast China. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2000, 58(1): 70-81.
[孙力. 中国东北地区夏季降水异常的气候分析. 气象学报, 2000, 58(1): 70-81.]

[7] Tu Qipu. Studies on the regional characteristics of air temperature abnormal in China. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2000, 58(3): 288-296.
[屠其璞. 中国气温异常的区域特征研究. 气象学报, 2000, 58(3): 288-296.]

[8] Guo Qiyun. The summer mosoon intensity index in East Asia and its variation. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1983, 38(3): 207-217.
[郭其蕴. 东亚夏季风强度指数及其变化的分析. 地理学报, 1983, 38(3): 207-217.]

[9] Zeng Hongling. Analyses on interdecadal change characteristics of global winter and summer sea surface pressure field and 500 hPa height field in recent twenty years. Plateau Meteorology, 2002, 21(1): 66-73.
[曾红玲. 近20年全球冬、夏海平面气压场和500hPa高度场年代际变化分析. 高原气象, 2002, 21(1): 66-73.]

[10] Guo Qiyun. The variations of summer monsoon in East Asia and the rainfall over China. Journal of Tropical Meteorology, 1985, 1(1): 44-52.
[郭其蕴. 东亚夏季风的变化与中国降水. 热带气象, 1985, 1(1): 44-52.]

[11] Tan Guirong. Study on the flood/drought indices. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, 2002, 25(2): 153-158.
[谭桂容. 旱涝指数的研究. 南京气象学院学报, 2002, 25(2): 153-158.]

东亚夏季风的年代际变率对中国气候的影响

Interdecadal Variability of East-Asian Summer Monsoon and Its Impact on the Climate of China

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 7

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	张学珍,李侠祥,徐新创,张丽娟. 基于模式优选的21世纪中国气候变化情景集合预估[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(9): 1555-1568.
[2]	李茜, 魏凤英, 李栋梁. 近159 年东亚夏季风年代际变化与中国东部旱涝分布[J]. 地理学报, 2011, 66(1): 25-37.
[3]	张自银1, 龚道溢1, 何学兆1, 雷杨娜2, 冯胜辉1. 近500 年南极涛动指数重建及其变率分析[J]. 地理学报, 2010, 65(3): 259-269.
[4]	江志红,何金海,李建平,杨金虎, 王冀. 东亚夏季风推进过程的气候特征及其年代际变化[J]. 地理学报, 2006, 61(7): 675-686.
[5]	陈育峰, 李克让. 地理信息系统支持下全球气候变化对中国植被分布的可能影响研究[J]. 地理学报, 1996, 63(S1): 26-39.
[6]	郭其蕴. 东亚夏季风强度指数及其变化的分析[J]. 地理学报, 1983, 50(3): 207-217.
[7]	张丕远, 龚高法. 十六世纪以来中国气候变化的若干特征[J]. 地理学报, 1979, 46(3): 238-247.