天山北麓经济发展与绿洲扩张

doi:10.11821/xb200205008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

借助地学信息图谱技术,以不同时相、不同尺度的图像数据源为基础,编制出1949年以来天山北麓绿洲分布图4幅。绿洲演化规律为：1949～1967年为绿洲迅速扩张阶段,耕地面积急剧增加;1967～2000年绿洲扩张速度减缓,耕地面积总量基本保持平衡,城市化进程加快。分析了天山北麓绿洲经济带发展现状,论述了北麓经济带、城市群和主导产业分布格局,讨论了绿洲扩张过程中水资源利用变化以及生态环境问题。这些对研究50年来北麓绿洲经济带的变化具有重要意义,也对未来北麓绿洲经济带的发展具有指导作用。

关键词: 天山北麓, 图谱, 绿洲经济带, 绿洲化, 城市化

Abstract:

Based on methodology of geo-information sciences, using remote sensing and map data, four maps of oasis distribution covering 1960, 1978, 1990 and 2000 at the northern foot of the Tianshan Mountains are compiled. From 1949 to 1967 the expansion of oasis area is very fast, especially in farmland area where the oasis area was about 0.4 ×104 km² before 1960 and 1.543 ×104 km² in 1978. From 1967 to 2000, the dominated urbanization resulted in diminution of farmland area. The urban and construction area was 0.042 ×104 km² in 1978 and 0.152 ×104 km² in 2000. This development was mainly because of rapid population growth and economic development. In 1949, population at the northern foot of the Tianshan Mountains was only 39.11 ×104, GDP (Gross Domestic Product) was RMB 11,637.56 ×104 yuan. In 2000, population increased to 479.43 ×104, which was 12.26 times that of 1949, GDP amounted to RMB 6,365,873 ×104 yuan, which was 547 times that of 1949. But the large-scale exploitation to natural resources with population growth and economic development leads to a series of serious eco-environmental problems, for example, about 1/3 of farmland is suffering from soil salinization. Rational utilization of resources and protection of eco-environment will be important approaches.

Key words: oases at the northern foot of the Tianshan Mountains, oasis economic zone, methodology of geo-information sciences, oasization, urbanization

程维明,周成虎,李建新. 天山北麓经济发展与绿洲扩张[J]. 地理学报, 2002, 57(5): 561-568.

CHENG Weiming, ZHOU Chenghu, LI Jianxin. Economic Development and Oasis Growth at the Northern Foot of the Tianshan Mountains[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2002, 57(5): 561-568.

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