地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2002, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (3): 365-372.doi: 10.11821/xb200203013

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京地区城市化过程与机制研究

何春阳,史培军,陈晋,徐小黎   

  1. 北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室, 北京师范大学资源科学研究所, 北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2001-11-12 修回日期:2002-02-26 出版日期:2002-05-25 发布日期:2002-05-25
  • 作者简介:何春阳 (1975- ), 男, 博士生, 四川射洪人, 主要从事遥感应用与土地利用/覆盖变化研究。E-mail: hcy@bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金重大项目 (39899374)

Process and Mechanism of Urbanization in Beijing Area

HE Chunyang, SHI Peijun, CHEN Jin, XU Xiaoli   

  1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Normal University; Institute of Resources Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Received:2001-11-12 Revised:2002-02-26 Online:2002-05-25 Published:2002-05-25
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 39899374

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被引次数

808

摘要：

在长时间序列高分辨率LandsatTM/MSS数据的支持下,对北京地区1975~1997年城市化基本过程和驱动机制进行了分析研究。基本结论如下：(1) 北京地区城市化过程主要表现为中心大区和边缘次级中心区的面状城市化、中心大区和边缘次级中心区之间沿交通干线的线状城市化以及中心大区与边缘次级中心区之间的点状城市化3种基本模式,其中,中心大区在城市边缘区的面状城市化过程在区域内居于优势地位。(2) 北京地区城市化过程和城市格局的形成是地形、交通等内在适应性因素和经济因素、政府行为、文化传统、突发事件等外在驱动因素共同作用的结果。其中,城市规划、产业发展政策等政府行为和3000年城市发展形成的旧有城市格局和古都风貌从根本上决定了现代北京城市发展的基本过程。

关键词: 北京地区, 城市化, 过程, 机制

Abstract:

Urbanization has become one of the most important methods for human to change the earth. The paper analyzes the process and mechanism of urbanization in the past two decades. Based on the analysis, three models are further explored. The first one is the polygon urbanization of the central city and the sub-central cities; the second one is the line urbanization along the major roads between the central city and the sub-central cities; the third one is the point urbanization with the non-urban land between the central city and the sub-central cities. Of them, the polygon urbanization of the central city held the leading position, while after the 1990s, the point urbanization developed very fast, causing the patch density of the urban land increase. The expansion of urban land and the formation of the regional city pattern are the result of the collective effects between the exogenous driving forces, such as population, economic policy and so on, and the internal suitable factors, such as traffic condition, locations, landforms, etc. Of them, the government behavior, such as urban planning and industrial policy, and the existing city pattern and traditional culture developed during the past 3000 years has exerted more important impacts than others on development process of this modern city.

Key words: process, mechanism, urbanization, Beijing area