地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2001, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (5): 523-531.doi: 10.11821/xb200105003

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原季节性冻土年际变化的异常特征

王澄海1,2, 董文杰3, 韦志刚2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000;
    2. 兰州大学资源环境学院;兰州730000;
    3. 中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029
  • 收稿日期:2001-02-23 修回日期:2001-06-01 出版日期:2001-09-15 发布日期:2001-09-15
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新工程项目KZCX1-10-07;中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所创新课题CX210097;国家自然基金49805006资助

The Feature of Seasonal Frozen Soil in Qinghai Tibet Plateau

WANG Cheng hai1,2, DONG Wen jie3, WEI Zhi gang2   

  1. 1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. College of Resource and Environmental Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73000 China;
    3. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2001-02-23 Revised:2001-06-01 Online:2001-09-15 Published:2001-09-15
  • Supported by:
    Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.KZCX 1-10-07;Project of Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,CX210097;National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.49805006

PDF (PC)

赞

被引次数

162 | 44

摘要： 对 1 961～ 1 999年 46个站点最大冻土深度的年际变化采用旋转主成份 ( REOF)分析,发现存在 4个变化敏感区 :青藏高原东北区,青藏高原东南区,柴达木盆地区,青藏高原南部区。4个变化异常敏感区的最大冻土深度随时间变化有不同的趋势。其中,进入 2 0世纪 90年代,高原东北部、高原东南部和高原南部区冻土厚度表现出变薄趋势,其代表站的最大冻土深度平均比 80年代变浅 0 .0 2、 0 .0 5、 0 .1 4m,反映了对气候变暖的响应,呈现出与全球气候增暖的趋势 ;柴达木盆地和高原中部则表现为与前 2个区域相反的变化趋势,即进入 2 0世纪 90年代,冻土深度有所增加。其代表站的最大冻土深度较之 80年代加厚 0 .5 7m。由于土壤质地和溶质的差异,4个敏感区最大冻土深度在高频段上具有不同的周期 :柴达木盆地和高原南部具有 2年的周期 ;在较低频段上,均表现为 1 4年左右的周期。

关键词: 青藏高原, 季节性冻土, 旋转主成份分析, 异常敏感区

Abstract: The seasonal frozen soil in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau has strong response to climate change, and it effects the climate change at the same time. In this paper, the frozen soil maximum depth of 46 stations covering 1961～1999 in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau are analyzed by rotated experience orthogonality function (REOF). The results show that there are 4 main frozen anomaly regions in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, i.e., northeast Qinghai Tibet Plateau, southeast plateau, south plateau and Qaidam Basin pattern. The frozen soil depth annual anomaly in the above representative areas shows different change trends. But the main trend, except for the Qaidam Basin, has been in decrease since the 1980s, which shows climate warming. On the average, the maximum soil depth has decreased by about 0.02, 0.05, 0.14 m over northeast, southeast and south of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, but increased by about 0.57 m over the Qaidam basin during the 1990s. It shows different responses to the above areas in climate system and the Qinghai Tibet Plateau has dynamical effects on atmospheric circulation. The spectral analysis shows: there are different variance cycles in high frequency in four areas, i.e., there is a cycle of about 2 year length in the Qaidam Basin and south of Qinghai Tibet Plateau; there is a cycle of about 14 year length over all the four areas in lower frequency. It shows different soil texture and solutes over the four areas.

Key words: Qinghai Tibet Plateau, seasonal soil frozen, rotated empirical orthogonal function(REOF) analysis, anomaly areas

中图分类号: 

  • P642.14