地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2001, Vol. 68 ›› Issue (3): 353-362.doi: 10.11821/xb200103012

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

重庆巫山张家湾遗址2000年来的环境考古

张强1, 朱诚1, 姜逢清1,2, 刘兴林3, 郭立新3   

  1. 1. 南京大学城市与资源学系,南京210093;
    2. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所乌鲁木齐110081;
    3. 南京大学历史系,南京210093
  • 收稿日期:2001-01-20 修回日期:2001-03-20 出版日期:2001-05-15 发布日期:2001-05-15
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(40071083);南京大学“985工程”自然地理学科建设项目;南京大学测试基金项目

Environmental Archaeological Exploration in Zhangjiawan Site, Chongqing since 2 ka BP

ZHANG Qiang1, ZHU Cheng1, JIANG Feng qing1,2, GUO Li xin3, LIU Xin lin3   

  1. 1. Department of Urban & Resources Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China;
    2. Institute of Ecology & Geography, CAS, Ulumqi 830011, China;
    3. Department of History,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China
  • Received:2001-01-20 Revised:2001-03-20 Online:2001-05-15 Published:2001-05-15
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(40071083),“985 Project”construction project of physical geography for Nanjing University and Foundation of Modern Analyses Center of Nanjing University

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摘要： 通过对重庆巫山张家湾西汉遗址 T91 1剖面进行粒度、磁化率等环境替代指标的分析研究,结果表明,汉代该区发达的农业、手工业生产使人们盲目砍伐树木,使该区植被严重退化,使生态环境恶化,降水集中、坡地表面松散沉积丰富、缺乏植被保护等使流水侵蚀、坡地径流发育,导致水土流失严重,该区的人类文明因此而衰落。同时研究发现,该区在竺可桢划分的中国 4次温暖期与 4次寒期中的第 2次寒冷期 (公元初至公元 60 0年 )仍为温暖期,这是由于该区西北面与东南面均有高大山脉包围,一定程度上阻挡了来自北方的冷空气进入本区的缘故。该区气候演变在一定程度上可能受西南季风的影响,至少该区在汉代气候演变与西南季风的强弱有某种相关关系。

关键词: 张家湾遗址, 环境考古, 巫山, 重庆市

Abstract: Analytical results of grain size and magnetic susceptibility performed on samples from the west wall of the T911 at Zhangjiawan site show that climate evolution, to a certain degree, is under influence of the changes of the southwest mosoon Development of the agriculture and handicraft industry made an excessive exploitation of the vegetation resources and the ill consequences of the human activities made the ecological environment in the study area deteriorate and finally made the civilization collapse Archaeological excavation shows that the study area was a developed economic center with flourished, handicraft industry and agriculture at that time As a result of the blind exploitation of the natural resources, the ecological environment was deteriorated Without protection of the vegetation, the detrital materials on the sloping land provide conditions for landslides and erosion, leading to decline of local civilization The eco environmental evolution of this area is thus controlled by human activities and also changes of the strength of the south west mosoon Huge mountain ranges surround the study area from north west and south east respectively, and the geomorphologic features make the area unique both climatically and ecologically The mode of the environmental evolution is distinctive from any other regions.

Key words: Zhangjiawan site, palaeo environmental evolution, Wushan, Chongqing city

中图分类号: 

  • K928.6